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Hernia : the Journal of Hernias and... Dec 2020To evaluate the vas deferens and testicles of rats submitted to bilateral inguinotomy and polypropylene (PP) mesh placement.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the vas deferens and testicles of rats submitted to bilateral inguinotomy and polypropylene (PP) mesh placement.
METHOD
Sixty Wistar rats were randomized into three groups: Control (inguinotomy only), mesh placement over the vas deferens (Mesh-DD) or under the spermatic funiculus (Mesh-SF). The following analyses were performed: vas deferens morphometry (lumen area and wall thickness), quantification of collagen fibers, spermatogenesis, apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL) and cellular proliferation (Ki67). Quantitative gene expression (qPCR) for apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by RT-PCR.
RESULTS
In the apoptosis pathway, Mesh-DD showed one upregulated gene (Il10) and three downregulated genes (Fadd, Tnfrsf1b and Xiap). In Mesh-SF, 17 genes were downregulated. In the inflammation pathway (Mesh-DD), one gene was upregulated (Il1r1), and one gene was downregulated (Ccl12). In Mesh-SF, three genes were upregulated (Il1r1, Tnfsf13b and Csf1), and two were downregulated (Ccl12 and Csf2). PP mesh placement preserved spermatogenesis and did not alter the vas deferens or the testicle. In the ductus deferens, there was reduced luminal area (30 days), increased wall thickness (90 days), and increased type III collagen and cell proliferation (30 and 90 days) (p < 0.05). In the testicle, cell proliferation was greater in the Mesh-DD (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
PP mesh, whether or not in direct contact with spermatic funicular structures, induces changes that were not sufficient to cause damage to the evaluated organs.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Genitalia; Male; Polypropylenes; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Surgical Mesh
PubMed: 32306141
DOI: 10.1007/s10029-020-02186-7 -
Philosophical Transactions. Series A,... Aug 2016Polypropylene (PP) is a popular plastic material used in consumer packaging. It would be desirable if such plastic containers were liquid repellent and not so easily...
Polypropylene (PP) is a popular plastic material used in consumer packaging. It would be desirable if such plastic containers were liquid repellent and not so easily fouled by their contents. Existing examples of superoleophobic surfaces typically rely on poorly adhered coatings or delicate surface structures, resulting in poor mechanical durability. Here, we report a facile method for creating superoleophobic PP surfaces via incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) into the polymer surface. A solvent-NP-PP mixture was spin coated at high temperature to achieve the necessary roughness. Such surfaces were further functionalized with fluorosilane to result in a durable, super-repellent surface. They were also found to exhibit some repellency towards shampoos. This method of incorporating NPs into polymer surfaces could also prove useful in improving the anti-bacterial, mechanical and liquid-repellent properties of plastic devices.This article is part of the themed issue 'Bioinspired hierarchically structured surfaces for green science'.
Topics: Biomimetic Materials; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Materials Testing; Nanoparticles; Oils; Polypropylenes; Surface Properties
PubMed: 27354730
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2016.0193 -
Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam,... Jun 2023The occurrence of accumulation of microplastics in humans and wildlife has become a serious concern on a global scale, especially in the last decade. Although there are...
The occurrence of accumulation of microplastics in humans and wildlife has become a serious concern on a global scale, especially in the last decade. Although there are many studies on microplastics, their biological effects and toxicity on freshwater fish have not been fully revealed. In order to evaluate the potential toxic effects of PP (polypropylene) microplastics in freshwater fish, we performed 1-day, 2-day, 3-day, 4-day, 5-day, 6-day, and 7-day microplastic exposure to different concentrations of the microplastics through water and diet on Cyprinus carpio. Fish samples were divided into 3 groups; Group-A with different PP microplastic concentrations in their water (A:1.0 g/L and A:2.5 g/L), Group-B with different PP microplastic concentrations in their diet (B:100 mg/g and B:250 mg/g), and Group-C (Control group) free of PP microplastics in their diet and water. The results showed that although microplastics did not cause death in C. carpio, they caused oxidative stress in comparing the MP exposed groups to the control groups. When indices of oxidative stress of fish individuals in all treatment groups were compared with the control group, it was determined that MDA (malondialdehyde) and GSH (glutathione) levels increased, while TPC (total protein content) and CAT (catalase) levels decreased depending on the concentrations and exposure times. Significant differences were observed between the control and treatment groups in the indices of oxidative stress (P<0.05). This study provided basic toxicological data to elucidate and quantify the effects of PP microplastics on freshwater fish. In addition, this study is the first study to indicate that microplastic exposure of carp via diet and water causes oxidative stress in gill tissues and causes changes in CAT, MDA, GSH, and TPC levels. The findings also provide useful reference data for improving knowledge of the effects of microplastics on organisms in freshwater systems.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Microplastics; Antioxidants; Plastics; Polypropylenes; Carps; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Oxidative Stress; Glutathione; Diet
PubMed: 37062245
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106540 -
Acta Biomaterialia Aug 2022Polypropylene meshes used in pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair are hampered by complications. Most POP meshes are highly unstable after tensioning ex vivo, as evidenced...
Polypropylene meshes used in pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair are hampered by complications. Most POP meshes are highly unstable after tensioning ex vivo, as evidenced by marked deformations (pore collapse and wrinkling) that result in altered structural properties and material burden. By intentionally introducing collapsed pores and wrinkles into a mesh that normally has open pores and remains relatively flat after implantation, we reproduce mesh complications in vivo. To do this, meshes were implanted onto the vagina of rhesus macaques in nondeformed (flat) vs deformed (pore collapse +/- wrinkles) configurations and placed on tension. Twelve weeks later, animals with deformed meshes had two complications, (1) mesh exposure through the vaginal epithelium, and (2) myofibroblast proliferation with fibrosis - a mechanism of pain. The overarching response to deformed mesh was vaginal thinning associated with accelerated apoptosis, reduced collagen content, increased proteolysis, deterioration of mechanical integrity, and loss of contractile function consistent with stress shielding - a precursor to mesh exposure. Regional differences were observed, however, with some areas demonstrating myofibroblast proliferation and matrix deposition. Variable mechanical cues imposed by deformed meshes likely induce these two disparate responses. Utilizing meshes associated with uniform stresses on the vagina by remaining flat with open pores after tensioning is critical to improving outcomes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Pain and exposure are the two most reported complications associated with the use of polypropylene mesh in urogynecologic procedures. Most meshes have unstable geometries as evidenced by pore collapse and wrinkling after tensioning ex vivo, recapitulating what is observed in meshes excised from women with complications in vivo. We demonstrate that collapsed pores and wrinkling result in two distinct responses (1) mesh exposure associated with tissue degradation and atrophy and (2) myofibroblast proliferation and matrix deposition consistent with fibrosis, a tissue response associated with pain. In conclusion, mesh deformation leads to areas of tissue degradation and myofibroblast proliferation, the likely mechanisms of mesh exposure and pain, respectively. These data corroborate that mesh implantation in a flat configuration with open pores is a critical factor for reducing complications in mesh-augmented surgeries.
Topics: Animals; Female; Fibrosis; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Pain; Pelvic Organ Prolapse; Polypropylenes; Surgical Mesh; Vagina
PubMed: 35671876
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.051 -
ChemSusChem Mar 2018Pollutants in wastewater include oils, dyes, and bacteria, making wastewater cleanup difficult. Multifunctional wastewater treatment media consisting of poly(ionic...
Pollutants in wastewater include oils, dyes, and bacteria, making wastewater cleanup difficult. Multifunctional wastewater treatment media consisting of poly(ionic liquid)-grafted polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabrics (PP@PIL) are prepared by a simple and scalable surface-grafting process. The fabricated PP@PIL fabrics exhibit impressive switchable oil/water separation (η>99 %) and dye absorption performance (q=410 mg g ), as well as high antibacterial properties. The oil/water separation can be easily switched by anion exchanging of the PIL segments. Moreover, the multiple functions (oil/water separation, dye absorption, and antibacterial properties) occurred at the same time, and did not interfere with each other. The multifunctional fibrous filter can be easily regenerated by washing with an acid solution, and the absorption capacity is maintained after many recycling tests. These promising features make PIL-grafted PP nonwoven fabric a potential one-step treatment for multicomponent wastewater.
Topics: Absorption, Physicochemical; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Coloring Agents; Escherichia coli; Ionic Liquids; Oils; Polypropylenes; Wastewater; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 29334177
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201702320 -
International Journal of Pharmaceutical... 2019Furosemide parenteral solutions are routinely used in our hospital. However, the stability in transparent syringes is unknown. In this study, transparent polypropylene...
Furosemide parenteral solutions are routinely used in our hospital. However, the stability in transparent syringes is unknown. In this study, transparent polypropylene syringes were filled with 8 mL and 50 mL of furosemide 5-mg/mL solution. The furosemide was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and assays were performed up to 35 days of storage of the syringes at 4°C protected from light, plus 24 hours at 20°C exposed to daylight. In addition, the appearance and pH of the solutions were determined. A microbiological assay using tryptic soy broth was also performed. Both types of syringes remained colorless, clear, and free from visible particles throughout the study period. The pH did not change, and concentrations remained between 95% and 105% of the stated concentration. None of the syringes filled with culture media exhibited bacterial or fungal growth. In conclusion, ready-to-administer furosemide 5-mg/mL, 8-mL, and 50-mL polypropylene syringes are stable for up to 35 days when stored in a refrigerator at 4°C protected from light, plus 24 hours at 20°C unprotected from light. These results allow maximum storage time in stock and the ability of 24-hour continuous infusion at ambient room temperature without protecting the syringe against light.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Stability; Drug Storage; Furosemide; Polypropylenes; Syringes
PubMed: 31513540
DOI: No ID Found -
Surgery Mar 2013The Ventral Hernia Working Group (VHWG) recently proposed a grading system to assist surgeons in selecting the appropriate mesh based on an individual patient's risk of... (Review)
Review
Routine use of bioprosthetic mesh is not necessary: a retrospective review of 100 consecutive cases of intra-abdominal midweight polypropylene mesh for ventral hernia repair.
BACKGROUND
The Ventral Hernia Working Group (VHWG) recently proposed a grading system to assist surgeons in selecting the appropriate mesh based on an individual patient's risk of developing a postoperative complication. The VHWG grading scale was used to evaluate the incidence of surgical-site complications in 100 consecutive midline ventral hernias repaired with uncoated mid-weight polypropylene mesh.
METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted of 100 consecutive cases of midline ventral hernia repair using an intra-abdominal mesh underlay between July 2005 and May 2010. The median duration of follow-up was 23 months.
RESULTS
Using the VHWG scale, 50 percent of cases were considered grade 2 ("Co-morbid") and 28 percent considered Grade 3 ("Potentially Contaminated"). The remaining cases were Grade 1 ("Low-risk"). Overall, there was a 5.6 percent rate of hernia recurrence, with a mean time to recurrence of 17 months. There were no enterocutaneous fistulae or infections requiring mesh removal.
CONCLUSION
The use of uncoated mid-weight polypropylene mesh for reinforcement of midline ventral hernia repairs was not associated with increased rates of infection, fistula formation, or clinically significant adhesions. These findings challenge the recommendation by the VHWG to avoid synthetic repair material in patients with comorbidities or in "potentially contaminated" fields.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Biocompatible Materials; Comorbidity; Female; Hernia, Ventral; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Polypropylenes; Postoperative Complications; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Surgical Mesh
PubMed: 23068089
DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.08.003 -
Water Science and Technology : a... 2010The surface properties of polymer membranes are crucial to their separation performances. For the microporous polypropylene membranes, the high hydrophobicity and lack... (Review)
Review
The surface properties of polymer membranes are crucial to their separation performances. For the microporous polypropylene membranes, the high hydrophobicity and lack of functionality easily cause protein adsorption and subsequent microorganism attachment and biofilm formation, i.e. biofouling. Thus, their applications in water treatment, bioseparation and biomedical fields are largely limited. Surface hydrophilisation and antibacterial functionalisation are, therefore, reasonably necessary. This review provides a concise summarisation of related studies according to the surface modification strategies. Especially, the interfacial crosslinking approach developed in our previous studies is presented in detail.
Topics: Biofilms; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Membranes, Artificial; Polypropylenes; Surface Properties
PubMed: 20389003
DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.117 -
Hernia : the Journal of Hernias and... Aug 2022
Topics: Herniorrhaphy; Humans; Polypropylenes; Prostheses and Implants; Surgical Mesh; Syndrome
PubMed: 35254553
DOI: 10.1007/s10029-022-02591-0 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Oct 2023Polypropylene (PP) has been widely used in health care and food packaging fields, however, it lacks antibacterial properties. Herein, we prepared the polymeric...
Polypropylene (PP) has been widely used in health care and food packaging fields, however, it lacks antibacterial properties. Herein, we prepared the polymeric antibacterial agents (MPP-NDAM) by an in situ amidation reaction between 2,4-diamino-6-dialkylamino-1,3,5-triazine (NDAM) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MPP) using the melt grafting method. The effects of reaction time and monomer content on the grafting degree of N-halamine were investigated, and a grafting degree of 4.86 wt % was achieved under the optimal reaction conditions. PP/MPP-NDAM composites were further obtained by a melt blending process between PP and MPP-NDAM. With the adoption of surface segregation technology, the content of N-halamine structure on the surface of PP/MPP-NDAM composites was significantly increased. The antibacterial tests showed that the PP/MPP-NDAM composite could achieve 99.9% bactericidal activity against 1.0 × 10 CFU/mL of () and () within 10 and 5 min of contact, respectively. The antibacterial effect became more pronounced with the prolongation of chlorinated time, and it could achieve 99.9% bactericidal activity against within merely 1 min of contact.
Topics: Polypropylenes; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 37787377
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10257