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Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Physik Feb 2023Positron emission tomography is a highly sensitive molecular imaging modality, based on the coincident detection of annihilation photons after positron decay. The most... (Review)
Review
Positron emission tomography is a highly sensitive molecular imaging modality, based on the coincident detection of annihilation photons after positron decay. The most used detector is based on dense, fast, and luminous scintillators read out by light sensors. This review covers the various detector concepts for clinical and preclinical systems.
Topics: Positron-Emission Tomography; Photons
PubMed: 36208967
DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2022.08.004 -
Physics in Medicine and Biology Jul 2006The developments in positron emission tomography (PET) are reviewed with an emphasis on instrumentation for clinical PET imaging. After a brief summary of positron... (Review)
Review
The developments in positron emission tomography (PET) are reviewed with an emphasis on instrumentation for clinical PET imaging. After a brief summary of positron imaging before the advent of computed tomography, various improvements are highlighted including the move from PET scanners with septa to fully 3D scanners, changes in the preferred scintillators, efforts to improve the energy discrimination, and improvements in attenuation correction. Time-of-flight PET imaging is given special attention due to the recent revival of this technique, which promises significant improvement. Besides technical instrumentation efforts, other factors which influenced the acceptance of clinical PET are also discussed.
Topics: Animals; Biotechnology; Humans; Image Enhancement; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 16790899
DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/51/13/R08 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jul 20202-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]FDG) is a promising tool to support the evaluation of response to either target therapies or immunotherapy with immune checkpoint... (Review)
Review
2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]FDG) is a promising tool to support the evaluation of response to either target therapies or immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors both in clinical trials and, in selected patients, at the single patient's level. The present review aims to discuss available evidence related to the use of [F]FDG PET (Positron Emission Tomography) to evaluate the response to target therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Criteria proposed for the standardization of the definition of the PET-based response and complementary value with respect to morphological imaging are commented on. The use of PET-based assessment of the response through metabolic pathways other than glucose metabolism is also relevant in the framework of personalized cancer treatment. A brief discussion of the preliminary evidence for the use of non-FDG PET tracers in the evaluation of the response to new therapies is also provided.
Topics: Humans; Immunotherapy; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiology, Interventional; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32722205
DOI: 10.3390/medicina56080373 -
The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and... 2019
Review
Topics: Animals; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Positron-Emission Tomography; Substance-Related Disorders
PubMed: 31613195
DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.19080169 -
Annals of Nuclear Medicine Sep 2022Microcalcification, a type of vascular calcification, increases the instability of plaque and easily leads to acute clinical events. Positron emission tomography (PET)... (Review)
Review
Microcalcification, a type of vascular calcification, increases the instability of plaque and easily leads to acute clinical events. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a new examination technology with significant advantages in identifying vascular calcification, especially microcalcification. The use of the F-NaF is undoubtedly the benchmark, and other PET tracers related to vascular calcification are also currently in development. Despite all this, a large number of studies are still needed to further clarify the specific mechanisms and characteristics. This review aimed at providing a summary of the application and progress of different PET tracers and also the future development direction.
Topics: Fluorine Radioisotopes; Humans; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Fluoride; Vascular Calcification
PubMed: 35834116
DOI: 10.1007/s12149-022-01771-3 -
Journal of Integrative Neuroscience Dec 2023Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide key structural information on brain pathophysiology. Positron emission tomography (PET) measures... (Review)
Review
Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide key structural information on brain pathophysiology. Positron emission tomography (PET) measures metabolism in the living brain; it plays an important role in molecular neuroimaging and is rapidly expanding its field of application to the study of neurodegenerative diseases. Different PET radiopharmaceuticals allow characterization and quantization of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels, from which many neurodegenerative diseases develop. In addition, hybrid imaging tools such as PET/CT and PET/MRI support the utility of PET, enabling the anatomical mapping of functional data. In this overview, we describe the most commonly used PET tracers in the diagnostic work-up of patients with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. We also briefly discuss the pathophysiological processes of tracer uptake in the brain, detailing their specific cellular pathways in clinical cases. This overview is limited to imaging agents already applied in human subjects, with particular emphasis on those tracers used in our department.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Nuclear Medicine; Positron-Emission Tomography; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 38176937
DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2206172 -
The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear... Mar 2022
Topics: Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 35362695
DOI: 10.23736/S1824-4785.21.03430-0 -
The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear... Mar 2022Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a promising hybrid imaging technique for evaluating musculoskeletal malignancies. Both technologies,... (Review)
Review
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a promising hybrid imaging technique for evaluating musculoskeletal malignancies. Both technologies, independently are useful for evaluating this type of tumors. PET/MR has great potential combining metabolic and functional imaging PET with soft tissue contrast and multiparametric sequences of MR. In this paper we review the existing literature and discuss the different protocols, new available radiotracers to conclude with the scarce evidence available the most useful/probable indications of the PET MR for the for musculoskeletal malignancies.
Topics: Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasms; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 34881853
DOI: 10.23736/S1824-4785.21.03432-4 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2022Positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging technology that measures 3D spatial distribution and kinetics of radio-tagged biomolecules in a living subject...
Positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging technology that measures 3D spatial distribution and kinetics of radio-tagged biomolecules in a living subject quantitatively and nondestructively. Commonly used positron-emitting radionuclides include C, N, and O, which are essential elements for plant growth. Combining radiotracer techniques with PET, this in vivo molecular imaging capability offers plant biologists a powerful tool for molecular phenotyping research. While PET is widely used clinically for cancer diagnosis and pre-clinically for drug development, it is an unfamiliar imaging tool for plant biologists. This chapter introduces the basic principles of PET, factors that affect the quantitative accuracy of PET when imaging plants, and techniques for administering radiotracers to plants for a variety of molecular plant imaging applications.
Topics: Electrons; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radioisotopes
PubMed: 35895200
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2537-8_11 -
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine... Mar 2017During the past decades, extensive efforts have been made to expand the knowledge of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, clinical translation of this research,... (Review)
Review
During the past decades, extensive efforts have been made to expand the knowledge of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, clinical translation of this research, in terms of earlier diagnosis and improved therapy, remains challenging. Since more than 30% of motor neurons are lost when symptoms become clinically apparent, techniques allowing non-invasive, in vivo detection of motor neuron degeneration are needed in the early, pre-symptomatic disease stage. Furthermore, it has become apparent that non-motor signs play an important role in the disease and there is an overlap with cognitive disorders, such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Radionuclide imaging, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), form an attractive approach to quantitatively monitor the ongoing neurodegenerative processes. Although [F]-FDG has been recently proposed as a potential biomarker for ALS, active targeting of the underlying pathologic molecular processes is likely to unravel further valuable disease information and may help to decipher the pathogenesis of ALS. In this review, we provide an overview of radiotracers that have already been applied in ALS and discuss possible novel targets for in vivo imaging of various pathogenic processes underlying ALS onset and progression.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 27933416
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-016-3587-y