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Applied Radiation and Isotopes :... Jun 2013This review article compares PET imaging performance with Gallium-68 ((68)Ga) and Fluorine-18 ((18)F). The literature on this topic is scarce; hence in order to complete... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
This review article compares PET imaging performance with Gallium-68 ((68)Ga) and Fluorine-18 ((18)F). The literature on this topic is scarce; hence in order to complete the published data, Monte Carlo calculations, as well as phantom measurements, were carried out. The qualitative and quantitative differences between (68)Ga and (18)F imaging were evaluated in terms of spatial resolution, sensitivity, contrast and activity recovery coefficients for both human PET systems and small animal PET scanners. The clinical and pre-clinical implications of these differences are discussed.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Bone and Bones; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Gallium Radioisotopes; Humans; Lung; Monte Carlo Method; Phantoms, Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 23063597
DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.06.034 -
Molecular Imaging Aug 2010Owing to increased needs for positron emission tomography (PET), high demands for a wide variety of radiolabeled compounds will have to be met by exploiting novel... (Review)
Review
Owing to increased needs for positron emission tomography (PET), high demands for a wide variety of radiolabeled compounds will have to be met by exploiting novel radiochemistry and engineering technologies to improve the production and development of PET probes. The application of microfluidic reactors to perform radiosyntheses is currently attracting a great deal of interest because of their potential to deliver many advantages over conventional labeling systems. Microfluidics-based radiochemistry can lead to the use of smaller quantities of precursors, accelerated reaction rates, and easier purification processes with greater yield and higher specific activity of desired probes. Several proof-of-principle examples along with the basics of device architecture and operation and the potential limitations of each design are discussed. Along with the concept of radioisotope distribution from centralized cyclotron facilities to individual imaging centers and laboratories ("decentralized model"), an easy-to-use, stand-alone, flexible, fully automated, radiochemical microfluidic platform can provide simpler and more cost-effective procedures for molecular imaging using PET.
Topics: Animals; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radioisotopes
PubMed: 20643021
DOI: No ID Found -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2022A Zr-oxine ex vivo cell labeling method for tracking various cells by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has recently been developed. Zr-oxine is synthesized...
A Zr-oxine ex vivo cell labeling method for tracking various cells by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has recently been developed. Zr-oxine is synthesized from oxine and Zr-chloride, which was converted from Zr-oxalate, with neutralization. To track migration of natural killer (NK) cells in vivo in real time by PET imaging, NK cells are labeled with Zr-oxine ex vivo and infused to a recipient. The labeling is performed by mixing Zr-oxine solution to NK cell suspension at room temperature, followed by washing. Care should be taken to label the cells at optimal radioactivity doses that maintain their viability and functionality. Zr-oxine labeled NK cells can be tracked for their migration and distribution by PET/computed tomography imaging for at least 7 days. Of note, this protocol is applicable to other types of cells.
Topics: Killer Cells, Natural; Oxyquinoline; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Zirconium
PubMed: 35344173
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2160-8_11 -
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Jun 2012Clinical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of human epilepsy has a 30-year history, but it is still searching for its exact role among rapidly advancing... (Review)
Review
Clinical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of human epilepsy has a 30-year history, but it is still searching for its exact role among rapidly advancing neuroimaging techniques. The vast majority of epilepsy PET studies used this technique to improve detection of epileptic foci for surgical resection. Here, we review the main trends emerging from three decades of PET research in epilepsy, with a particular emphasis on how PET imaging has impacted on the clinical management of patients with intractable epilepsy. While reviewing the latest studies, we also present an argument for a changing role of PET and molecular imaging in the future, with an increasing focus on epileptogenesis and newly discovered molecular mechanisms of epilepsy. These new applications will be facilitated by technological advances, such as the use of integrated PET/MRI systems and utilization of novel radiotracers, which may also enhance phenotype-genotype correlations and assist rational, individualized treatment strategies.
Topics: Disease Management; Epilepsy; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 22650174
DOI: 10.1586/ern.12.48 -
Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Aug 2008Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) using the glucose metabolism tracer 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) has become a widespread and...
Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) using the glucose metabolism tracer 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) has become a widespread and preferred imaging modality for evaluating most cancers. Since commercial PET-CT scanners became available in 2001, there has been rapid dissemination of this hybrid imaging modality and PET-CT scanners have largely replaced stand-alone PET scanners. How PET-CT scans are performed and applied to cancer management has varied considerably, in part reflecting the varied background of the practice settings and training experience of the physicians performing and interpreting the PET-CT studies. Combined PET/CT with FDG has become the gold standard in oncologic imaging by accurately defining anatomy and function of many tumors. From April 2-4, 2008, a focus group composed of physicians and technologists from different practice settings and training backgrounds entitled "Best Practices in PET/CT Symposium" was held in Sonoma, California. The symposium focused on optimization of PET-CT protocols but also included other pertinent topics related to PET-CT imaging in oncology. This article summarizes areas of consensus reached by the group regarding many of the discussion topics. The summary consensus covered in this article is meant to provide direction for future discussions on how to improve the application of this hybrid modality to patient care.
Topics: Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 18795490
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2008.05.007 -
BJU International Dec 2010
Topics: Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Urogenital Neoplasms
PubMed: 21078038
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09956.x -
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the... Nov 2016Positron emission tomography (PET) is a highly sensitive, noninvasive imaging technique for quantifying biological functions of tissues. However, at the time of this...
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a highly sensitive, noninvasive imaging technique for quantifying biological functions of tissues. However, at the time of this study, PET imaging applications had not been reported in the horse. The aim of this exploratory study was to determine whether a portable high-resolution PET scanner could be used to image the equine distal limb. Images of the front feet and fetlocks of three research horses, with known lesions localized to the distal front limbs, were acquired under general anesthesia after administration of F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( F-FDG), with doses ranging from 1.5 to 2.9 MBq/kg. The radiation exposure measured during imaging was slightly higher than Technetium scintigraphy. However, the use of general anesthesia allowed the proximity and the contact time with the patient to be minimized for the staff involved. F-FDG uptake was evident throughout the soft tissues, with the highest uptake in the coronary band and the lowest uptake in the tendons. Anatomic structures could be discriminated due to the high contrast between soft tissue and bone. Detected lesions included lysis of the flexor cortex of the navicular bone, lesions of flexor tendons and suspensory ligament, and abnormal uptake through the lamina of a laminitic subject. Findings indicated that tomographic molecular imaging is feasible in the equine distal limb and could be useful as a future diagnostic technique for clinical and research studies, especially those involving tendinopathy/desmopathy and laminitis.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Hindlimb; Horses; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 27699910
DOI: 10.1111/vru.12430 -
Der Radiologe Feb 2005The role of molecular neuroimaging techniques is increasing in the understanding of pathophysiological mechanism of diseases. To date, positron emission tomography is... (Review)
Review
The role of molecular neuroimaging techniques is increasing in the understanding of pathophysiological mechanism of diseases. To date, positron emission tomography is the most powerful tool for the non-invasive study of biochemical and molecular processes in humans and animals in vivo. With the development in radiochemistry and tracer technology, a variety of endogenously expressed and exogenously introduced genes can be analyzed by PET. This opens up the exciting and rapidly field of molecular imaging, aiming at the non-invasive localisation of a biological process of interest in normal and diseased cells in animal models and humans in vivo. Besides its usefulness for basic research positron emission tomography has been proven to be superior to conventional diagnostic methods in several clinical indications. This is illustrated by detection of biological or anatomic changes that cannot be demonstrated by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, as well as even before symptoms are expressed. The present review summarizes the clinical use of positron emission tomography in neuroscience that has helped elucidate the pathophysiology of a number of diseases and has suggested strategies in the treatment of these patients. Special reference is given to the neurovascular, neurodegenerative and neurooncological disease.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Molecular Biology; Nervous System Diseases; Neurosciences; Positron-Emission Tomography; Research Design
PubMed: 15662519
DOI: 10.1007/s00117-004-1158-x -
Archivos de La Sociedad Espanola de... Apr 2010
Topics: Equipment Design; Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 20858399
DOI: No ID Found -
International Review of Neurobiology 2018The hybrid PET/MR scanner represents the first implementation of the effective integration of two modalities allowing truly synchronous/simultaneous acquisition of their... (Review)
Review
The hybrid PET/MR scanner represents the first implementation of the effective integration of two modalities allowing truly synchronous/simultaneous acquisition of their imaging signals. This integration, resulting from the innovation and development of specific hardware components has paved the way for new approaches in the study of neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter will describe the hardware development that has led to the availability of different clinical solutions for PET/MR imaging as well as the still-open technological challenges and opportunities related to the processing and exploitation of the simultaneous acquisition in neurological studies.
Topics: Brain; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Neuroimaging; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 30314608
DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.07.026