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Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice May 2017Postprandial hyperglycemia plays a decisive role in the development of chronic metabolic disorders. The effect of vinegar intake with a meal on postprandial glucose has... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Postprandial hyperglycemia plays a decisive role in the development of chronic metabolic disorders. The effect of vinegar intake with a meal on postprandial glucose has been studied in several trials with conflicting results.
RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES
The purpose of the current study was to systematically review control trials that report on the effect of vinegar intake on postprandial glucose response. Postprandial insulin response was considered as secondary outcome.
RESULTS
The pooled analysis of studies revealed a significant mean glucose and insulin area under the curve (AUC) reduction in participants who consumed vinegar compared with the control group (standard mean difference=-0.60, 95%CI -1.08 to -0.11, p=0.01 and -1.30, 95%CI -1.98 to -0.62, p<0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that vinegar can be effective in reducing postprandial glucose and insulin levels, indicating it could be considered as an adjunctive tool for improving glycemic control.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Blood Glucose; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Male; Postprandial Period
PubMed: 28292654
DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.01.021 -
Nutrients Feb 2020There is no question that elevated postprandial glycemia is a significant driver of common chronic diseases globally [...].
There is no question that elevated postprandial glycemia is a significant driver of common chronic diseases globally [...].
Topics: Diet, Healthy; Dietary Carbohydrates; Glycemic Index; Humans; Postprandial Period
PubMed: 32093020
DOI: 10.3390/nu12020536 -
Nutrients Apr 2020Food ingestion induces a metered response of the digestive system. Initially, the upper digestive system reacts to process and extract meal substrates. Later, meal... (Review)
Review
Food ingestion induces a metered response of the digestive system. Initially, the upper digestive system reacts to process and extract meal substrates. Later, meal residues not absorbed in the small bowel, pass into the colon and activate the metabolism of resident microbiota. Food consumption also induces sensations that arise before ingestion (e.g., anticipatory reward), during ingestion (e.g., gustation), and most importantly, after the meal (i.e., the postprandial experience). The postprandial experience involves homeostatic sensations (satiety, fullness) with a hedonic dimension (digestive well-being, mood). The factors that determine the postprandial experience are poorly understood, despite their potential role in personalized diets and healthy eating habits. Current data suggest that the characteristics of the meal (amount, palatability, composition), the activity of the digestive system (suited processing), and the receptivity of the eater (influenced by multiple conditioning factors) may be important in this context.
Topics: Affect; Digestion; Eating; Feeding Behavior; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Postprandial Period; Satiation; Satiety Response
PubMed: 32252402
DOI: 10.3390/nu12040986 -
Journal of Applied Physiology... Feb 2018Disordered postprandial metabolism of energy substrates is one of the main defining features of prediabetes and contributes to the development of several chronic... (Review)
Review
Disordered postprandial metabolism of energy substrates is one of the main defining features of prediabetes and contributes to the development of several chronic diseases associated with obesity, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Postprandial energy metabolism has been studied using classical isotopic tracer approaches that are limited by poor access to splanchnic metabolism and highly dynamic and complex exchanges of energy substrates involving multiple organs and systems. Advances in noninvasive molecular imaging modalities, such as PET and MRI/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), have recently allowed important advances in our understanding of postprandial energy metabolism in humans. The present review describes some of these recent advances, with particular focus on glucose and fatty acid metabolism in the postprandial state, and discusses current gaps in knowledge and new perspectives of application of PET and MRI/MRS for the investigation and treatment of human metabolic diseases.
Topics: Fatty Acids; Glucose; Humans; Metabolism; Molecular Imaging; Postprandial Period
PubMed: 28495844
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00212.2017 -
Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental Sep 2023Continuous glucose monitoring has become a common adjunct in the management of Diabetes Mellitus. However, there has been a recent trend among individuals without... (Review)
Review
Continuous glucose monitoring has become a common adjunct in the management of Diabetes Mellitus. However, there has been a recent trend among individuals without diabetes using these devices as a means of monitoring their health. The increased visibility of glucose data has allowed users to study the effect lifestyle has upon post-prandial glucose levels. Although post-prandial hyperglycemia is well understood in the setting of diabetes, its impact in individuals without diabetes is less well defined. This article reviews the factors which contribute to post-prandial hyperglycemia in individuals without diabetes and how the data obtained from continuous glucose monitoring can be used to improve an individual's metabolic health.
Topics: Humans; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Diabetes Mellitus; Hyperglycemia; Postprandial Period; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
PubMed: 37356796
DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155640 -
Circulation Journal : Official Journal... Aug 2009
Topics: Animals; Atherosclerosis; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Microcirculation; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Postprandial Period; Vitamins
PubMed: 19628923
DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0445 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia... Feb 2006
Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Postprandial Period
PubMed: 16628269
DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302006000100002 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta.... Jul 2022Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and its incidence is still increasing. Obesity is an excess of fat, which can have harmful consequences such as inflammation,... (Review)
Review
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and its incidence is still increasing. Obesity is an excess of fat, which can have harmful consequences such as inflammation, insulin resistance or dyslipidemia. Taken together, these conditions are known as metabolic syndrome (MetS). More and more studies consider obesity from a postprandial perspective: parameters such as triglyceridemia, endotoxemia or hormone secretion may have deeper postprandial metabolic consequences than during the fasting state. These effects take even more importance when we consider that humans spend more than half of the day in a postprandial state. This review focuses on the postprandial state in a fat-enriched diet and on the consequences of intestinal lipid absorption, putting the intestine in a central place in the development of obesity / MetS. Finally, we describe the crucial role of the lipid receptor cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) for gut lipid absorption and the alterations that occur in CD36 dysfunction.
Topics: Humans; Intestines; Lipids; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Postprandial Period
PubMed: 35364327
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159154 -
American Journal of Physiology. Renal... Dec 2019Insulin is known to be an important regulator of a number of different channels and transporters in the kidney, but its role in the kidney to prevent Na and volume loss... (Review)
Review
Insulin is known to be an important regulator of a number of different channels and transporters in the kidney, but its role in the kidney to prevent Na and volume loss during the osmotic load after a meal has only recently been validated. With increasing numbers of people suffering from diabetes and hypertension, furthering our understanding of insulin signaling and renal Na handling in both normal and diseased states is essential for improving patient treatments and outcomes. The present review is focused on postprandial effects on Na reabsorption in the kidney and the role of the epithelial Na channels as an important channel contributing to insulin-mediated Na reclamation.
Topics: Animals; Homeostasis; Humans; Kidney; Postprandial Period; Water-Electrolyte Balance
PubMed: 31566434
DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00350.2019 -
Nutrients Jan 2022This review focuses on the added value provided by a research strategy applying metabolomics analyses to assess phenotypic flexibility in response to different... (Review)
Review
This review focuses on the added value provided by a research strategy applying metabolomics analyses to assess phenotypic flexibility in response to different nutritional challenge tests in the framework of metabolic clinical studies. We discuss findings related to the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and to mixed meals with varying fat contents and food matrix complexities. Overall, the use of challenge tests combined with metabolomics revealed subtle metabolic dysregulations exacerbated during the postprandial period when comparing healthy and at cardiometabolic risk subjects. In healthy subjects, consistent postprandial metabolic shifts driven by insulin action were reported (e.g., a switch from lipid to glucose oxidation for energy fueling) with similarities between OGTT and mixed meals, especially during the first hours following meal ingestion while differences appeared in a wider timeframe. In populations with expected reduced phenotypic flexibility, often associated with increased cardiometabolic risk, a blunted response on most key postprandial pathways was reported. We also discuss the most suitable statistical tools to analyze the dynamic alterations of the postprandial metabolome while accounting for complexity in study designs and data structure. Overall, the in-depth characterization of the postprandial metabolism and associated phenotypic flexibility appears highly promising for a better understanding of the onset of cardiometabolic diseases.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Meals; Metabolome; Postprandial Period
PubMed: 35276829
DOI: 10.3390/nu14030472