-
Nature Jul 2020Animals coexist in commensal, pathogenic or mutualistic relationships with complex communities of diverse organisms, including microorganisms. Some bacteria produce...
Animals coexist in commensal, pathogenic or mutualistic relationships with complex communities of diverse organisms, including microorganisms. Some bacteria produce bioactive neurotransmitters that have previously been proposed to modulate nervous system activity and behaviours of their hosts. However, the mechanistic basis of this microbiota-brain signalling and its physiological relevance are largely unknown. Here we show that in Caenorhabditis elegans, the neuromodulator tyramine produced by commensal Providencia bacteria, which colonize the gut, bypasses the requirement for host tyramine biosynthesis and manipulates a host sensory decision. Bacterially produced tyramine is probably converted to octopamine by the host tyramine β-hydroxylase enzyme. Octopamine, in turn, targets the OCTR-1 octopamine receptor on ASH nociceptive neurons to modulate an aversive olfactory response. We identify the genes that are required for tyramine biosynthesis in Providencia, and show that these genes are necessary for the modulation of host behaviour. We further find that C. elegans colonized by Providencia preferentially select these bacteria in food choice assays, and that this selection bias requires bacterially produced tyramine and host octopamine signalling. Our results demonstrate that a neurotransmitter produced by gut bacteria mimics the functions of the cognate host molecule to override host control of a sensory decision, and thereby promotes fitness of both the host and the microorganism.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Feeding Behavior; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Intestines; Metabolomics; Mutation; Neurotransmitter Agents; Octanols; Octopamine; Providencia; Receptors, Biogenic Amine; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Sensory Receptor Cells; Smell; Tyramine; Tyrosine Decarboxylase
PubMed: 32555456
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2395-5 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Dec 1979The O-serotyping scheme for Providencia was tested on Providencia alcalifaciens isolates collected mostly from two hospitals. The specificites of the somatic (O)...
The O-serotyping scheme for Providencia was tested on Providencia alcalifaciens isolates collected mostly from two hospitals. The specificites of the somatic (O) antigens of P. alcalifaciens were found to be different from those of Providencia stuartii, and separation of the Providencia typing scheme to allow separate typing of each species led to more efficient typing. All but 4 of 86 isolates were typable. Eighteen serotypes occurred among 53 typable isolates obtained from a pediatric hospital, and 11 occurred among 19 isolates from a general hospital. Thirty-two percent of the isolates from the pediatric hospital belonged to serotype O3, the most frequently isolated and most widely distributed type. The use of the serotyping scheme for P. alcalifaciens is advocated for further studies to examine strains of the species for enteropathogenic types.
Topics: Agglutination Tests; Proteus; Providencia; Serotyping
PubMed: 521478
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.10.6.761-765.1979 -
Biosensors & Bioelectronics Oct 2020We report results of the studies relating to improved stability (40 days) of small sized microbial fuel cell (MFC) fabricated using agarose embedded paper-based proton...
We report results of the studies relating to improved stability (40 days) of small sized microbial fuel cell (MFC) fabricated using agarose embedded paper-based proton exchange membrane. A fermentative bacterium Providencia rettgeri was isolated from rotten potato slurry and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. The electroactivity of the bacteria was monitored via chronoamperometric and cyclic voltammetric studies using a three-electrode system which indicated the presence of bacterial redox mediator. The Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy provided the evidence that Providencia rettgeri synthesized folate (vitamin B) during fermentation that was found to act for the first time as a redox mediator in an MFC. The paper based designed MFC fed with Providencia rettgeri yielded open circuit voltage of 787.9 mV with power and current density of 5.02 W/m and 11.26 A/m, respectively when measured across 10 kΩ. The microbial re-chargeable battery comprising of an assembly of parallelly aligned four units of MFCs when connected in series (total 16 MFCs), generated 1.5 V that was used for powering a red-light emitting device (LED).
Topics: Bioelectric Energy Sources; Biosensing Techniques; Electrodes; Providencia; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 32729473
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112323 -
PloS One 2019Bioprospection for potential microbial biocontrol agents associated with three major insect pests of economic relevance for olive cultivation in the Mediterranean area,...
Bioprospection for potential microbial biocontrol agents associated with three major insect pests of economic relevance for olive cultivation in the Mediterranean area, namely the olive fly, Bactrocera oleae, the olive moth, Prays oleae, and the olive psyllid, Euphyllura olivina, led to the isolation of several strains of readily cultivable Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria from Tunisian olive orchards. Determination of 16S ribosomal RNA encoding sequences identified the bacteria as members of the taxonomic genus Providencia (Enterobacterales; Morganellaceae). A more detailed molecular taxonomic analysis based on a previously established set of protein-encoding marker genes together with DNA-DNA hybridization and metabolic profiling studies led to the conclusion that the new isolates should be organized in a new species within this genus. With reference to their original insect association, the designation "Providencia entomophila" is proposed here for this hypothetical new taxon.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; DNA, Bacterial; Insecta; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Olea; Pest Control, Biological; Providencia; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 31639141
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223943 -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Oct 2000This review presents the current taxonomy of the genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella, along with the current methods for the identification of each species... (Review)
Review
This review presents the current taxonomy of the genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella, along with the current methods for the identification of each species within the three genera, incorporating both conventional biochemical and commercial methods. While all of these organisms are ubiquitous in the environment, individual case reports and nosocomial outbreak reports that demonstrate their ability to cause major infectious disease problems are presented. Lastly, anticipated antimicrobial susceptibility patterns are reviewed. Many of these organisms are easily controlled, but the advent of newer and more powerful antimicrobial agents has led to some problems of which laboratorians need to be aware.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Morganella; Proteus; Proteus Infections; Providencia
PubMed: 11023955
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.13.4.534 -
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Mar 2015
Topics: Bacteremia; Cross Infection; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Female; Humans; Male; Providencia; Tertiary Care Centers
PubMed: 25750557
DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.30.2.167 -
Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 2022Providencia stuartii is one of the Enterobacteriaceae species of medical importance commonly associated with urinary infections, which can also cause other ones,...
Providencia stuartii is one of the Enterobacteriaceae species of medical importance commonly associated with urinary infections, which can also cause other ones, including uncommon ones, such as liver abscess and septic vasculitis. This bacterium stands out in the expression of intrinsic and acquired resistance to antimicrobials. Besides, it uses mechanisms such as biofilm for its persistence in biotic and abiotic environments. This study investigated the cellular hydrophobicity profile of clinical isolates of P. stuartii. It also analyzed genes related to the fimbrial adhesin in this species comparing with other reports described for other bacteria from Enterobacteriaceae family. The investigated isolates to form biofilm and had a practically hydrophilic cell surface profile. However, fimH and mrkD genes were not found in P. stuartii, unlike observed in other species of Enterobacteriaceae. These results show that P. stuartii has specificities regarding its potential for biofilm formation, which makes it difficult to destabilize the infectious process and increases the permanence of this pathogen in hospital units.
Topics: Biofilms; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Providencia
PubMed: 36074405
DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210765 -
Journal of Insect Science (Online) May 2023Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens (Loew)) (Diptera: Tephritidae) represents a major threat to fruit production in the Western Hemisphere. Sterile insect technique is...
Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens (Loew)) (Diptera: Tephritidae) represents a major threat to fruit production in the Western Hemisphere. Sterile insect technique is used to suppress and eradicate wild populations. Success of this control method necessitates weekly production of hundreds of millions of flies, their sterilization by irradiation, and their aerial release. Diet needed to produce large fly numbers are conducive to the spread of bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 3 rearing facilities and from multiple sources: eggs, larvae, pupae and spent diet, and were found to include some isolates identified to the genus Providencia (Enterobacteriales: Morganellaceae). We identified 41 Providencia isolates and tested their pathogenicity to A. ludens. Based on 16s rRNA sequences, 3 groups were clustered into several species of Providencia with varying capacities to affect the Mexican fruit fly production. Isolates putatively identified as P. alcalifaciens/P. rustigianii were all pathogenic causing larval and pupal yield reduction of 46-64% and 37-57%, respectively. Among them, Providencia isolate 3006 was the most pathogenic reducing larval and pupae yield by 73 and 81%, respectively. Isolates identified as P. sneebia were not pathogenic. The final cluster, P. rettgeri/P. vermicola, were variable in pathogenicity with 3 isolates yielding like the control and the rest causing larval and pupal yield reduction of 26-53% and 23-51%, respectively. Isolates putatively identified as P. alcalifaciens/P. rustigianii were more virulent than P. rettgeri/P. vermicola. Accurate identification of species is needed to diagnose and monitor pathogenic versus nonpathogenic Providencia strains.
Topics: Animals; Tephritidae; Providencia; Virulence; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Ovum; Larva; Pupa
PubMed: 37220089
DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead024 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Jul 1989
Topics: Diarrhea; Feces; Humans; Proteus Infections; Providencia; Travel
PubMed: 2504344
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.299.6691.94-a -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Oct 2020Four isolates and one isolate were obtained from urine samples of five patients in 2018 in Japan. All of the isolates were resistant to imipenem and meropenem, and...
Four isolates and one isolate were obtained from urine samples of five patients in 2018 in Japan. All of the isolates were resistant to imipenem and meropenem, and three were highly resistant to both carbapenems, with MICs of 512 μg/ml. The three highly carbapenem-resistant isolates harbored , encoding a variant of IMP-1 metallo-β-lactamase with two amino acid substitutions (Val67Phe and Phe87Val), and the other two harbored and , respectively. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that an isolate harbored two copies of on the chromosome and that the other four harbored a copy of or in a plasmid. Expression of conferred carbapenem resistance in Recombinant IMP-70 and an IMP-1 variant with Val67Phe but without Phe87Val had significant higher hydrolytic activities against meropenem than recombinant IMP-1, indicating that an amino acid substitution of Val67Phe affects increased activities against meropenem in IMP-70. These results suggest that spp. become more highly resistant to carbapenems by acquisition of two copies of or by mutation of genes with amino acid substitutions, such as .
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; beta-Lactamases; Carbapenems; Japan; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Providencia
PubMed: 32816727
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00382-20