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Historia, Ciencias, Saude--Manguinhos 2022During the first half of the twentieth century, the coal-producing region of Santa Catarina state underwent intense industrialization that directly impacted various ways...
During the first half of the twentieth century, the coal-producing region of Santa Catarina state underwent intense industrialization that directly impacted various ways of life; various health problems emerged in the region as a result of coal mining and impeded economic progress. As the government was unable to meet health demands, local businesses established partnerships with female religious orders that provided assistance services in the villages where workers lived. As part of such a partnership, the Pequenas Irmãs da Divina Providência created an album of texts, drawings, and photographs as a report describing their activities from 1955 to 1957 in one such village in the region.
Topics: Humans; Female; Providencia; Coal; Medical Assistance; Estradiol; Brazil
PubMed: 36542038
DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702022000400011 -
Ophthalmology Aug 2006To report a series of patients with ocular infections caused by the rarely described gram-negative bacterium, Providencia rettgeri.
PURPOSE
To report a series of patients with ocular infections caused by the rarely described gram-negative bacterium, Providencia rettgeri.
DESIGN
Retrospective case series.
PARTICIPANTS
Five patients with ocular infections who grew P. rettgeri after culture (2 keratitis, 1 dacryocystitis, 1 conjunctivitis, 1 conjunctivitis/endophthalmitis).
METHODS
Microbiology culture results positive for P. rettgeri were cross-referenced to identify the patients with ocular infections. Medical records of these patients were carefully reviewed.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Descriptive analysis of each patient's history, potential risk factors, and clinical outcome.
RESULTS
Five eyes in 2 institutions were found to be culture positive for the gram-negative bacterium P. rettgeri. The organism may cause keratitis, dacryocystitis, conjunctivitis, and endophthalmitis. Possible risk factors include a compromised ocular surface and coexisting medical morbidity, including urinary tract infections, recent hospitalizations, and an immunocompromised state. Culture and sensitivity profiles should guide treatment; resistant strains are being identified.
CONCLUSIONS
Infections caused by P. rettgeri, although rare, are responsible for ocular morbidity. This report describes patient attributes, risk factors, and outcomes that will be helpful to ophthalmologists treating ocular infections. P. rettgeri should be acknowledged as a source of ocular infection.
Topics: Conjunctivitis; Dacryocystitis; Endophthalmitis; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Humans; Keratitis; Providencia; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 16797710
DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.03.047 -
Archives of Microbiology Feb 2022Bacterial non-enzymatic Mn(II) oxidation involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) (i.e., indirect oxidation), initially discovered from a marine alpha-proteobacterium, is...
Bacterial non-enzymatic Mn(II) oxidation involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) (i.e., indirect oxidation), initially discovered from a marine alpha-proteobacterium, is believed to be of importance in controlling biogeochemical cycles. For soil-borne bacteria, however, evidence of indirect Mn(II) oxidation remains unclear. In this study, the indirect Mn(II) oxidation was evidenced in a soil-borne bacterium, Providencia sp. LLDRA6. First, with and without 50 mM of Mn(II) exposure for LLDRA6, 300 differentially expressed genes were found to be linked to Mn(II) exposure via transcriptome sequencing. Among them, an operon, responsible for phenylacetic acid catabolism, was sharply upregulated in transcription, drawing us a special attention, since its transcriptional upregulation has recently shown to be important for withstanding ROS. Next, a fluorometric probe, 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA), was used to qualitatively detect ROS from cells, showing a distinct increase in fluorescence intensities of ROS during Mn(II) exposure. Furthermore, concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide from cells were detected, respectively, with and without Mn(II) exposure, exhibiting that when Mn(II) oxidation occurred, superoxide concentration significantly increased but hydrogen peroxide concentration significantly decreased. Particularly, superoxide produced by LLDRA6 was proven to be the oxidant for Mn(II) in the formation of Mn oxides. Finally, we predicted links between phenylacetic acid metabolism pathway and ROS during Mn(II) exposure, proposing that the excessive ROS, generated in response to Mn(II) exposure, transcriptionally activate phenylacetic acid catabolism presumably by increasing concentrations of highly reactive oxepins.
Topics: Bacteria; Hydrogen Peroxide; Manganese; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxides; Providencia; Soil; Superoxides
PubMed: 35152320
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02771-7 -
Current Microbiology Dec 2020In the last years, an increasing number of untreatable infections caused by drug-resistant microbes have impacted the health care system. Worldwide, infections caused by...
In the last years, an increasing number of untreatable infections caused by drug-resistant microbes have impacted the health care system. Worldwide, infections caused by carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative bacilli have dramatically increased. Among the CR-Gram-negative bacilli, those producing carbapenemases, such as NDM-1, are the main concern. Different Enterobacterales harboring NDM-1 have been reported lately. Providencia stuartii, a member of the Morganellaceae family, is ubiquitous in the environment, but is also known to cause nosocomial infections. Here we describe the genomic analysis of two NDM-1- producing P. stuartii strains recovered from the same patient as well as other carbapenem resistant strains recovered from the same hospital. As a result of the genomic analysis thirteen resistance genes, including three to β-lactams (bla, bla, bla), four to aminoglycosides (aphA6, aac(3)-IId, aac(2')-Ia, aac(6')-Ib-cr5), one to sulfonamides (sul1), two to chloramphenicol (catB3, catA3), one to rifampicin, one to bleomycin (ble), and one to tetracycline (tet(B)) were found. Moreover, a variety of mobile genetic elements, such as insertion sequences, plasmids and phage- related sequences, were found within P. stuartii genomes. The spread of carbapenem-resistant isolates remains a significant clinical and public health concern. Therefore, we considered that the detection of CR isolates is an essential step in addressing this problem.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Genomics; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plasmids; Providencia; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 33048176
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02242-6 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jan 2016
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Genes, Bacterial; Genotype; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Providencia; Selection, Genetic; Sepsis; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 26527060
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.09.013 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... Jun 1987The possibility that chlorhexidine is a specific inhibitor of membrane bound bacterial adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) was addressed. The in-vitro susceptibilities of...
The possibility that chlorhexidine is a specific inhibitor of membrane bound bacterial adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) was addressed. The in-vitro susceptibilities of several Providencia stuartii cell envelope enzymes, including ATPase, to chlorhexidine were compared. The following concentrations of chlorhexidine were required to cause 50% inhibition of enzyme activity in preparations from chlorhexidine-sensitive strains (MIC 50 mg chlorhexidine/l): ATPase (160 mg/l), succinic dehydrogenase (greater than 300 mg/l), penicillin binding protein 7 (300 mg/l) and beta-lactamase (45 mg/l). Fifty per cent inhibition of the ATPase from a chlorhexidine-resistant strain (MIC 1600 mg/l) was achieved at an in-vitro concentration of 225 mg chlorhexidine/l. Our observations do not support the suggestion that bacterial membrane-bound ATPases are specific targets for chlorhexidine.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Cell Membrane; Chlorhexidine; Proteus; Providencia
PubMed: 2956230
DOI: 10.1093/jac/19.6.743 -
MSphere May 2020is a common cause of polymicrobial catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and yet literature describing the molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis is...
Transposon Insertion Site Sequencing of Providencia stuartii: Essential Genes, Fitness Factors for Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, and the Impact of Polymicrobial Infection on Fitness Requirements.
is a common cause of polymicrobial catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and yet literature describing the molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis is limited. To identify factors important for colonization during single-species infection and during polymicrobial infection with a common cocolonizer, , we created a saturating library of ∼50,000 transposon mutants and conducted transposon insertion site sequencing (Tn-Seq) in a murine model of CAUTI. strain BE2467 carries 4,398 genes, 521 of which were identified as essential for growth in laboratory medium and therefore could not be assessed for contribution to infection. Using an input/output fold change cutoff value of 20 and values of <0.05, 340 genes were identified as important for establishing single-species infection only and 63 genes as uniquely important for polymicrobial infection with , and 168 genes contributed to both single-species and coinfection. Seven mutants were constructed for experimental validation of the primary screen that corresponded to flagella ( mutant), twin arginine translocation (), an ATP-dependent protease (), d-alanine-d-alanine ligase (), type 3 secretion ( and ), and type VI secretion (). Infection-specific phenotypes validated 6/7 (86%) mutants during direct cochallenge with wild-type and 3/5 (60%) mutants during coinfection with , for a combined validation rate of 9/12 (75%). Tn-Seq therefore successfully identified genes that contribute to fitness of within the urinary tract, determined the impact of coinfection on fitness requirements, and added to the identification of a collection of genes that may contribute to fitness of multiple urinary tract pathogens. is a common cause of polymicrobial catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), particularly during long-term catheterization. However, little is known regarding the pathogenesis of this organism. Using transposon insertion site sequencing (Tn-Seq), we performed a global assessment of fitness factors for CAUTI while simultaneously determining how coinfection with another pathogen alters fitness requirements. This approach provides four important contributions to the field: (i) the first global estimation of genes essential for growth in laboratory medium, (ii) identification of novel fitness factors for colonization of the catheterized urinary tract, (iii) identification of core fitness factors for both single-species and polymicrobial CAUTI, and (iv) assessment of conservation of fitness factors between common uropathogens. Genomewide assessment of the fitness requirements for common uropathogens during single-species and polymicrobial CAUTI thus elucidates complex interactions that contribute to disease severity and will uncover conserved targets for therapeutic intervention.
Topics: Animals; Catheter-Related Infections; Coinfection; DNA Transposable Elements; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Female; Genetic Fitness; Genome, Bacterial; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Phenotype; Proteus mirabilis; Providencia; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 32461277
DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00412-20 -
Journal of Microbiological Methods Oct 2018Providencia is an opportunistic human pathogen that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. The bacterial cell surface O-antigen is one of the most structurally...
Providencia is an opportunistic human pathogen that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. The bacterial cell surface O-antigen is one of the most structurally variable cell constituents and serves as a basis for serotyping gram-negative bacteria. In this work, the genomes of 12 Providencia strains were sequenced, and genes driving O-antigen biosynthesis were analyzed. The O-antigen-synthesizing genes of Providencia are located in the O-antigen gene cluster (OGC) between the cpxA and yibK genes. The gene functions predicted in silico agreed with the known O-antigen structures. All clusters were found to contain both wzx and wzy and exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity. Based on the sero-specific genes, we developed a molecular serotyping system to detect 23 serotypes (from the present and previous studies) for the first time. Five Proteus strains, five Morganella strains, five uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains and 32 Providencia strains with other serotypes were used to assess the specificity of our multiplexed Luminex-based array. Five serogroups (O3, O8, O19, O38 and O52 strains) were used to determine the sensitivity of the suspension array. The detection sensitivity was 0.1 ng genomic DNA, 10 CFU/ml in pure culture, or 10 CFU/ml in mock urine specimens. Furthermore, 29 publicly available Providencia genomes (which have not been serotyped) were analyzed, and 23 novel putative OGC types were identified. In total, we identified 35 new OGCs and developed a molecular serotyping system based on the sero-specific genes. The established classification system can support promising applications in basic research, clinical diagnosis, and epidemiological surveillance.
Topics: Computer Simulation; Genome, Bacterial; Multigene Family; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; O Antigens; Providencia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Serogroup; Serotyping
PubMed: 30138644
DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.08.009 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Nov 2020Providencia rettgeri infection has occurred occasionally in aquaculture, but is rare in turtles. Here, a pathogenic P. rettgeri strain G0519 was isolated from a diseased...
Providencia rettgeri infection has occurred occasionally in aquaculture, but is rare in turtles. Here, a pathogenic P. rettgeri strain G0519 was isolated from a diseased slider turtle (Trachemys scripta) in China, and qPCR assay was established for the RTX toxin (rtxD) gene. Histopathological examination showed that many inflammatory cells were infiltrated into heart, liver and intestine, as well as the necrosis of liver, kidney and spleen. The genome consisted of one circular chromosome (4.493 Mb) and one plasmid (18.8 kb), and predicted to contain 4170 and 19 protein-coding genes, respectively. Multiple pathogenic and virulence factors (e.g., fimbria, adhesion, invasion, toxin, hemolysin, chemotaxis, secretion system), multidrug-resistant genes (e.g., ampC, per-1, oxa-1, sul1, tetR) and a novel genomic resistance island PRI519 were identified. Comparative genome analysis revealed the closest relationship was with P. rettgeri, and with P. heimbachae closer than with other Providencia spp. To our knowledge, this was first report on genomic characterization of multidrug-resistant pathogenic P. rettgeri in cultured turtles.
Topics: Animals; China; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Providencia; Turtles
PubMed: 32951105
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-020-01469-4 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Mar 2021Selenite in the environment is extremely biotoxic, thus, the biotransformation of selenite into selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by microorganisms is gaining increasing...
Speeding up selenite bioremediation using the highly selenite-tolerant strain Providencia rettgeri HF16-A novel mechanism of selenite reduction based on proteomic analysis.
Selenite in the environment is extremely biotoxic, thus, the biotransformation of selenite into selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by microorganisms is gaining increasing interest. However, the relatively low selenite tolerance and slow processing by known microorganisms limit its application. In this study, a highly selenite-resistant strain (up to 800 mM) was isolated from coalmine soil and identified as Providencia rettgeri HF16. Remarkably, 5 mM selenite was entirely transformed by this strain within 24 h, and SeNPs were detected as early as 2 h of incubation, which is a more rapid conversion than that described for other microorganisms. The SeNPs were spherical in shape with diameters ranging from 120 nm to 295 nm, depending on the incubation time. Moreover, in vitro selenite-reduction activity was detected in the cytoplasmic protein fraction with NADPH or NADH serving as electron donors. Proteomics analysis and key enzyme activity tests revealed the presence of a sulfite reductase-mediated selenite reduction pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first report to identify the involvement of sulfite reductase in selenite reduction under physiological conditions. P. rettgeri HF16 could be a suitable and robust biocatalyst for the bioremediation of selenite, and would accelerate the efficient and economical synthesis of selenium nanoparticles.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Nanoparticles; Oxidation-Reduction; Proteomics; Providencia; Selenious Acid; Selenium
PubMed: 33296764
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124690