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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jun 1983The name Providencia rustigianii sp. nov. is proposed for a group of organisms previously known as Providencia alcalifaciens biogroup 3. By DNA hybridization, strains of...
The name Providencia rustigianii sp. nov. is proposed for a group of organisms previously known as Providencia alcalifaciens biogroup 3. By DNA hybridization, strains of P. rustigianii were 81 to 99% related to each other at 60 degrees C, but only 44 to 49% related to P. alcalifaciens biogroups 1 and 2 and 26 to 33% related to Providencia stuartii. P. rustigianii could be differentiated from P. alcalifaciens and P. stuartii by simple biochemical tests. P. rustigianii produced acid from D-galactose but not from trehalose; P. stuartii produced acid from both; and P. alcalifaciens produced acid from neither. P. rustigianii could be distinguished from Providencia rettgeri (formerly Proteus rettgeri) by urea hydrolysis and acid production from D-arabitol; P. rustigianii was negative for these two tests, but P. rettgeri was positive. Strains of P. rustiganii were 32 to 34% related to strains of P. rettgeri. Three of the 11 strains of P. rustigianii were isolated from stools, but the sources of the other isolates are unknown. Three strains (27%) were sensitive to colistin, and 82 to 100% were sensitive to ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Strain ATCC 33673 (CDC no. 0132-68) is the type strain for this species.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; DNA, Bacterial; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Proteus; Providencia
PubMed: 6874899
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.17.6.1057-1060.1983 -
Infection and Immunity Jun 2023Providencia rustigianii is potentially enteropathogenic in humans. Recently, we identified a strain carrying a part of the gene homologous to that of that produces an...
Providencia rustigianii is potentially enteropathogenic in humans. Recently, we identified a strain carrying a part of the gene homologous to that of that produces an exotoxin called cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), encoded by three subunit genes (, , and ). In this study, we analyzed the strain for possible presence of the entire gene cluster and its organization, location, and mobility, as well as expression of the toxin as a putative virulence factor of . Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the presence of the three subunit genes in tandem, and over 94% homology to the corresponding genes carried by P. alcalifaciens both at nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels. The strain produced biologically active CDT, which caused distension of eukaryotic cell lines with characteristic tropism of CHO and Caco-2 cells but not of Vero cells. S1-nuclease digested pulsed-field gel electrophoresis followed by Southern hybridization analysis demonstrated that the genes in both and P. alcalifaciens strains are located on large plasmids (140 to 170 kb). Subsequently, conjugation assays using a genetically marked derivative of the strain showed that the plasmid carrying genes in the was transferable to gene-negative recipient strains of , Providencia rettgeri, and Escherichia coli. Our results demonstrated the presence of genes in for the first time, and further showed that the genes are located on a transferable plasmid, which can potentially spread to other bacterial species.
Topics: Animals; Chlorocebus aethiops; Humans; Providencia; Vero Cells; Caco-2 Cells; Escherichia coli
PubMed: 37158737
DOI: 10.1128/iai.00121-22 -
Chemistry (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... May 2020A general and efficient strategy for synthesis of tri-, hexa- and heptasaccharidic substructures of the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia rustigianii O34 is described....
A general and efficient strategy for synthesis of tri-, hexa- and heptasaccharidic substructures of the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia rustigianii O34 is described. For the heptasaccharide seven different building blocks were employed. Special features of the structures are an α-linked galactosamine and the two embedded α-fucose units, which are either branched at positions-3 and -4 or further linked at their 2-position. Convergent strategies focused on [4+3], [3+4], and [4+2+1] couplings. Whereas the [4+3] and [3+4] coupling strategies failed the [4+2+1] strategy was successful. As monosaccharidic building blocks trichloroacetimidates and phosphates were employed. Global deprotection of the fully protected structures was achieved by Birch reaction.
PubMed: 32092205
DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000496 -
Carbohydrate Research Feb 2012An acidic polysaccharide was isolated from Providencia rustigianii O11 by the phenol-water extraction. The polysaccharide was cleaved by solvolysis with triflic acid to...
An acidic polysaccharide was isolated from Providencia rustigianii O11 by the phenol-water extraction. The polysaccharide was cleaved by solvolysis with triflic acid to yield disaccharides with uronic acid derivatives at the non-reducing end. The polysaccharide and the disaccharides were studied by chemical analyses, high-resolution ESI MS, and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, and the following structure of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established: where GalNAcA stands for 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalacturonic acid, GalNAcA6GluAla for N-(2-acetamido-2-deoxygalacturonoyl)-l-glutam-1-yl-l-alanine, QuiNAc4NAcyl for 2-acetamido-4-[(S)-3-hydroxybutanoylamino]-2,4,6-trideoxyglucose (∼75%) or 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxyglucose (∼25%); the d configuration of GalNA and QuiN4N was ascribed tentatively. To the best of our knowledge, this is for the first time that an amide of uronic acid with a dipeptide is found in bacterial polysaccharides.
Topics: Amides; Carbohydrate Conformation; Dipeptides; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Providencia
PubMed: 22230711
DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.12.012 -
Pathogens and Disease Dec 2018This study was aimed to develop a multiplex PCR (m-PCR) for the detection of Escherichia coli attaching and effacing (eae), Shiga toxin (stx) and cytolethal distending...
This study was aimed to develop a multiplex PCR (m-PCR) for the detection of Escherichia coli attaching and effacing (eae), Shiga toxin (stx) and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes encoding important virulence factors of diarrheagenic E. coli such as EPEC, STEC, and Escherichia albertii. For this purpose, the m-PCR was designed to detect eae, all the subtypes of stx (stx1, stx2a-g except stx2f) and cdt (I-V) genes. The m-PCR was validated with 58 and 55 target gene-positive and negative strains of different sources, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of the m-PCR were 100%. The m-PCR could also detect the eae, stx and cdt genes in bacteria spiked into stool specimens with or without enrichment culture. Clinical specimens collected from children with diarrhea were tested by the m-PCR, and 27 eae and 32 cdt genes were detected. Among them, three cdt-II and one untypable cdt gene-positive bacteria were isolated and identified as E. albertii and Providencia rustigianii, respectively. This is the first report demonstrating the presence of cdtB gene in P. rustigianii. These results indicate that the m-PCR is useful for surveillance of eae, stx and cdt gene-positive bacteria, not only EPEC, STEC and E. albertii but also P. rustigianii.
Topics: Adhesins, Bacterial; Bacterial Toxins; Child; Child, Preschool; Diarrhea; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; Providencia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Shiga Toxin
PubMed: 30657893
DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftz002 -
Carbohydrate Research Apr 2003The O-specific polysaccharide of Providencia rustigianii O14 was obtained by mild acid degradation of the LPS and studied by chemical methods and NMR spectroscopy,...
The O-specific polysaccharide of Providencia rustigianii O14 was obtained by mild acid degradation of the LPS and studied by chemical methods and NMR spectroscopy, including 2D 1H,(1)H COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, and 1H,(13)C HSQC experiments. The polysaccharide was found to contain N (epsilon)-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-N(alpha)-(D-galacturonoyl)-L-lysine ('alaninolysine', 2S,8S-AlaLys). The amino acid component was isolated by acid hydrolysis and identified by 13C NMR spectroscopy and specific optical rotation, using synthetic diastereomers for comparison. The following structure of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established:Anti-P. rustigianii O14 serum was found to cross-react with O-specific polysaccharides of Providencia and Proteus strains that contains amides of uronic acid with N(epsilon)-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-lysine and L-lysine.
Topics: Carbohydrate Conformation; Carbohydrate Sequence; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Methylation; Molecular Sequence Data; Monosaccharides; O Antigens; Providencia
PubMed: 12681927
DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00019-3 -
Chemistry (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... 2008A lipopolysaccharide isolated from an opportunistic pathogen of the Enterobacteriaceae family Providencia rustigianii O34 was found to be a mixture of R-, SR-, and...
A lipopolysaccharide isolated from an opportunistic pathogen of the Enterobacteriaceae family Providencia rustigianii O34 was found to be a mixture of R-, SR-, and S-forms consisting of a lipid moiety (lipid A) that bears a core oligosaccharide, a core with one O-polysaccharide repeating unit attached, and a long-chain O-polysaccharide, respectively. The corresponding carbohydrate moieties were released from the lipopolysaccharide by mild acid hydrolysis and studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. As a result, the structures of the core and the O-polysaccharide were established, including the structure of the biological repeating unit (an oligosaccharide that is preassembled and polymerized in biosynthesis of the O-polysaccharide), as well as the mode of the linkage between the O-polysaccharide and the core. Combining the structure of the carbohydrate moiety thus determined and the known structure of lipid A enabled determination of the full lipopolysaccharide structure of P. rustigianii O34.
Topics: Carbohydrate Sequence; Lipopolysaccharides; Molecular Sequence Data; Oligosaccharides; Providencia; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
PubMed: 18512865
DOI: 10.1002/chem.200702039 -
The Journal of Applied Bacteriology Oct 1987Twenty strains of Providencia rustigianii (including the type strain of Prov. friedericiana) have been characterized by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE of cellular proteins.... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Twenty strains of Providencia rustigianii (including the type strain of Prov. friedericiana) have been characterized by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE of cellular proteins. They comprised 12 strains (almost exclusively associated with the intestinal tract) from humans, plus eight largely from the intestinal tract of pig, penguin and environmental sources. The protein patterns, which contained 45-50 discrete bands, were highly reproducible and were used as the basis for two numerical analyses. In the first, which included all the protein bands, the 20 Prov. rustigianii strains formed six clusters at the 88% S level. One of these clusters included the type strains of both Prov. friedericiana and Prov. rustigianii, thereby confirming the synonymy of these two species. In the second analysis, the principal protein bands were excluded. At the 86% S level the 20 Prov. rustigianii strains formed a single cluster, whilst a field strain of Morganella morganii and the respective type strains of three other Providencia species remained unclustered. The total protein pattern of the type strain of Prov. alcalifaciens was very similar to that of Prov. rustigianii phenon 3 and the M. morganii field strain, which indicates that careful biochemical characterization may be necessary to ascribe strains to a species before typing by the PAGE technique. Alternatively, a selective analysis of the protein bands may be used to confirm the identity of the strains, as shown in this study.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Diarrhea; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Humans; Microcomputers; Proteus; Providencia; Software
PubMed: 3436856
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1987.tb02709.x -
BMC Research Notes Oct 2017Providencia are gram negative motile rods and is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It consists of five species, namely Providencia alcalifaciens, Providencia...
BACKGROUND
Providencia are gram negative motile rods and is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It consists of five species, namely Providencia alcalifaciens, Providencia rustigianii, Providencia stuartii, Providencia rettgeri and Providencia heimbachae. These are opportunistic pathogens and leads to infections in immunocompromised host. Providencia rettgeri has been associated with the nosocomial infections of the urinary tract and infections of wounds, burns and blood. Providencia rettgeri is very rare cause of neonatal sepsis and we report first case of neonatal late onset sepsis secondary to it.
CASE PRESENTATION
A term male infant presented on day 4 of post-natal life with the complaint of decreased appetite, fast respiration and lethargy. The clinical examination showed features of sepsis and shock with chest radiogram showing pneumonia. The infant was started on invasive ventilation, intravenous fluids, antibiotic and inotropes. The blood culture was suggestive of multi-drug resistant P. rettgeri. The antibiotics were changed according to organism antibiotic susceptibility pattern and infant gradually improved and was discharged successfully.
CONCLUSION
Providencia rettgeri is a very rare organism to cause neonatal sepsis. The management involves early diagnosis, treatment with appropriate antibiotics and finding the source of infection.
Topics: Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Neonatal Sepsis; Providencia
PubMed: 29084590
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2866-4 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Mar 2018was metabolically engineered to produce 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), a valuable aromatic compound used as a raw material for the production of liquid crystal polymers...
was metabolically engineered to produce 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), a valuable aromatic compound used as a raw material for the production of liquid crystal polymers and paraben. was found to have a higher tolerance to 4-HBA toxicity than previously reported hosts used for the production of genetically engineered 4-HBA. To obtain higher titers of 4-HBA, we employed a stepwise overexpression of all seven target genes in the shikimate pathway in Specifically, multiple chromosomal integrations of a mutated gene from , encoding a 3-deoxy-d-arabinoheptulosonic acid 7-phosphate (DAHP) synthase, and wild-type from , encoding chorismate synthase, shikimate kinase, and 3-dehydroquinate synthase, were effective in increasing product titers. The last step of the 4-HBA biosynthesis pathway was recreated in by expressing a highly 4-HBA-resistant chorismate pyruvate-lyase (UbiC) from the intestinal bacterium To enhance the yield of 4-HBA, we reduced the formation of by-products, such as 1,3-dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate, by deleting , a gene coding for a haloacid dehalogenase superfamily phosphatase, and , a gene coding for a pyruvate kinase, from the bacterial chromosome. The maximum concentration of 4-HBA produced by the resultant strain was 36.6 g/liter, with a yield of 41% (mol/mol) glucose after incubation for 24 h in minimal medium in an aerobic growth-arrested bioprocess using a jar fermentor. To our knowledge, this is the highest concentration of 4-HBA produced by a metabolically engineered microorganism ever reported. Since aromatic compound 4-HBA has been chemically produced from petroleum-derived phenol for a long time, eco-friendly bioproduction of 4-HBA from biomass resources is desired in order to address environmental issues. In microbial chemical production, product toxicity often causes problems, but we confirmed that wild-type has high tolerance to the target 4-HBA. A growth-arrested bioprocess using this microorganism has been successfully used for the production of various compounds, such as biofuels, organic acids, and amino acids. However, no production method has been applied for aromatic compounds to date. In this study, we screened for a novel final reaction enzyme possessing characteristics superior to those in previously employed microbial 4-HBA production. We demonstrated that the use of the highly 4-HBA-resistant UbiC from the intestinal bacterium is very effective in increasing 4-HBA production.
Topics: Aerobiosis; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Glucose; Metabolic Engineering; Parabens
PubMed: 29305513
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02587-17