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Bioethics Oct 2023Successful public health interventions have, in recent decades, improved the health of the working classes in significant ways across much of the western world....
Successful public health interventions have, in recent decades, improved the health of the working classes in significant ways across much of the western world. Nevertheless, here, I argue that populist electoral breakthroughs over the last decade may be considered side-effects of 'successful' public health policies: crucially, the claim is that those political side-effects resulted because of-rather than despite-the health-measured success of those public health interventions.
Topics: Humans; Public Health; Politics; Health Policy; Public Policy
PubMed: 37439302
DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13207 -
Australian and New Zealand Journal of... Dec 2014
Topics: Australia; Health Policy; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; New Zealand; Policy Making; Public Health Administration; Public Policy
PubMed: 25440462
DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12331 -
Missouri Medicine 2018
Topics: Humans; Legislation, Drug; Medical Marijuana; Missouri; Public Policy
PubMed: 30385980
DOI: No ID Found -
Public Health Jun 2022Given the growing interest worldwide in applying public policies to improve human health, we undertook a systematic review of studies investigating whether public... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Given the growing interest worldwide in applying public policies to improve human health, we undertook a systematic review of studies investigating whether public policies targeting unhealthy products could reduce cardiovascular diseases.
STUDY DESIGN
This study was a systematic review of the literature.
METHODS
We searched research studies published in 2000-2020 from major databases, including MEDLINE and Embase. We followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and narratively synthesized the studies based on vote counting and direction of the intervention effect.
RESULTS
Ninety-eight studies, mostly from high-income countries, met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were on public policies targeting sugar-sweetened beverages and tobacco, followed by alcohol, sugar, salt, and junk foods. Overall, many reported that several fiscal, regulatory, and educational policies generated beneficial effects of reducing the diseases. Those studies that reported no or limited effects highlighted several sociodemographic and health risk characteristics and design and implementation aspects of the policy interventions as factors limiting the policy effects; most of these are modifiable with appropriate policy interventions. For instance, low magnitude of tax, substitution with other unhealthy products, firms' competitive response strategies, pre-existence of smoking bans, incremental enactment of smoking regulations, degree of enforcement, and various sociocultural factors minimized the effects of the policies.
CONCLUSION
The literature supports a growing consensus on the beneficial effects of public policy for improving human health. The design and implementation of public policies must address various impeding factors and incorporate appropriate remedial measures. Further research is needed from low- and middle-income countries and on whether and how multiple policy instruments work in tandem.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Public Policy; Smoke-Free Policy; Smoking; Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
PubMed: 35567826
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.03.021 -
AMA Journal of Ethics Jul 2020
Topics: Child; Health Policy; Health Resources; Humans; Public Policy; Nicotiana
PubMed: 32744239
DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2020.643 -
Health Research Policy and Systems Feb 2024Advocacy organizations can play a crucial role in evaluating whether legislation or regulation has had its intended effect by supporting robust public policy...
Policy implementation and outcome evaluation: establishing a framework and expanding capacity for advocacy organizations to assess the impact of their work in public policy.
Advocacy organizations can play a crucial role in evaluating whether legislation or regulation has had its intended effect by supporting robust public policy implementation and outcome evaluation. The American Heart Association, working with expert advisors, has developed a framework for effective evaluation that can be used by advocacy organizations, in partnership with researchers, public health agencies, funders, and policy makers to assess the health and equity impact of legislation and regulation over time. Advocacy organizations can use parts of this framework to evaluate the impact of policies relevant to their own advocacy and public policy efforts and inform policy development and guide their organizational resource allocation. Ultimately, working in partnership, advocacy organizations can help bring capacity, commitment and funding to this important implementation and outcome evaluation work that informs impactful public policy for equitable population health and well-being.
Topics: United States; Humans; Public Policy; Organizations; Policy Making; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Public Health; Health Policy
PubMed: 38378597
DOI: 10.1186/s12961-024-01110-0 -
The Science of the Total Environment Dec 2018When dealing with public policy in the field of safety, security, and environmental health, legitimacy or illegitimacy is often evoked as a challenge that determines...
When dealing with public policy in the field of safety, security, and environmental health, legitimacy or illegitimacy is often evoked as a challenge that determines whether a policy will be embraced over time. Scholarly literature points to key variables of public support as well as the use of subject matter experts to build legitimacy in the policy process, yet few articles unpack the meaning and application of legitimacy in a manner that accounts for unique political, institutional, and cultural considerations. This article offers a holistic understanding of the various drivers and challenges behind the legitimacy principle. Specifically, this article reviews how policy successes and failures in France were driven at least in part by a perception of policy legitimacy by policymakers, stakeholders, and the general public.
Topics: Environmental Health; Environmental Policy; France; Health Policy; Public Policy; Risk
PubMed: 30248855
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.144 -
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and... Dec 2017
Topics: Dietetics; Humans; Nutrition Policy; Public Policy
PubMed: 29173344
DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.09.028 -
Neurosurgery Oct 2021The American Association of Neurological Surgeons/Congress of Neurological Surgeons Washington Committee was formed in 1975 to establish a means for neurosurgery to...
The American Association of Neurological Surgeons/Congress of Neurological Surgeons Washington Committee was formed in 1975 to establish a means for neurosurgery to influence federal health care policy. In response to growing federal health care legislation and regulation, the Washington Committee expanded from its original six members in 1975 to 35 invited liaisons and members by 2020. The Washington Committee, through the Washington Office, expanded political lobbying capacity into numerous important areas of health care policy, including Current Procedural Terminology coding and Medicare reimbursement, Federal Drug Administration (FDA) regulation, healthcare quality oversight, emergenc medical services, treatment guidelines, treatment outcome registries, medical liability reform, research funding, and information dissemination. Over 45 yr, the Washington Committee has become an indispensable resource for shaping public policy affecting neurosurgery training, research, and practice.
Topics: Aged; Health Policy; Humans; Medicare; Neurosurgery; Public Policy; United States; Washington
PubMed: 34355751
DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyab269 -
TheScientificWorldJournal 2013
Topics: Conservation of Energy Resources; Environmental Policy; Public Policy
PubMed: 23766696
DOI: 10.1155/2013/536517