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Harm Reduction Journal Aug 2022In Scotland drug policy and consequently the progress of evidence-based treatment options has been struggling for many years. Political inaction is brought about by a... (Review)
Review
In Scotland drug policy and consequently the progress of evidence-based treatment options has been struggling for many years. Political inaction is brought about by a complex chain of legal and operational obstructions with local authorities deferring to national Government which in turn is paralysed by international convention. Scotland represents a case study demonstrating the adverse consequences of management by non medical requirements rather than implementation of a clinically proven progressive policy. The difficulty of translating theory and evidence into practice is acknowledged but suggestions are made for pragmatic and humanitarian initiatives.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Drug Overdose; Harm Reduction; Health Policy; Humans; Politics; Public Policy; Scotland
PubMed: 36038934
DOI: 10.1186/s12954-022-00680-y -
TheScientificWorldJournal 2013
Topics: Conservation of Energy Resources; Environmental Policy; Public Policy
PubMed: 23766696
DOI: 10.1155/2013/536517 -
Harvard Review of Psychiatry 2018This commentary examines the roles that communities and public policies play in the definition and processes of recovery for adults with mental illness. Policy,... (Review)
Review
This commentary examines the roles that communities and public policies play in the definition and processes of recovery for adults with mental illness. Policy, clinical, and consumer definitions of recovery are reviewed, which highlight the importance of communities and policies for recovery. This commentary then presents a framework for the relationships between community-level factors, policies, and downstream mental health outcomes, focusing on macroeconomic, housing, and health care policies; adverse exposures such as crime victimization; and neighborhood characteristics such as social capital. Initiatives that address community contexts to improve mental health outcomes are currently under way. Common characteristics of such initiatives and select examples are discussed. This commentary concludes with a discussion of providers', consumers', and other stakeholders' roles in shaping policy reform and community change to facilitate recovery.
Topics: Ill-Housed Persons; Humans; Mental Disorders; Public Policy; Residence Characteristics; Social Capital; Social Class; Social Environment
PubMed: 29381527
DOI: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000178 -
The Lancet. Public Health Feb 2023There is a growing body of evidence indicating the arts have a role to play in promoting good health and preventing and managing illness. WHO has called for governments... (Review)
Review
There is a growing body of evidence indicating the arts have a role to play in promoting good health and preventing and managing illness. WHO has called for governments to take an intersectoral approach, both within and across traditional areas of policy, to realise the potential of the arts for public health. To explore what global progress is being made towards this aim, we present examples of arts and health policy development from diverse government areas: health, arts, local governments, and cross government. These examples, which have been selected from a scoping review of 172 relevant global policy documents, indicate that many health and arts policy makers view the relationship between arts engagement and improved health in quite general terms, although some are investing in more targeted applications of the arts to address specific public health issues. The most promising and concrete commitments are happening when health and arts ministries or agencies work together on policy development.
Topics: Humans; Public Policy; Policy Making; Health Policy; Public Health; Local Government
PubMed: 36709054
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00313-9 -
Clinical Journal of the American... Jul 2019
Topics: Humans; Isoantibodies; Public Policy; Tissue Donors
PubMed: 31213509
DOI: 10.2215/CJN.05950519 -
Gaceta Sanitaria 2021
Topics: Health Policy; Humans; Pandemics; Policy Making; Public Health; Public Policy
PubMed: 33239187
DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.09.009 -
The Milbank Quarterly Apr 2023Policy Points Public health science regarding alcohol consumption and problems, alcohol's role in equity and social justice, and identification of effective policy...
Policy Points Public health science regarding alcohol consumption and problems, alcohol's role in equity and social justice, and identification of effective policy interventions has grown steadily stronger in the past 30 years. Progress on effective alcohol policies has stalled or gone backward in the United States and much of the world. Because alcohol influences at least 14 of the 17 sustainable development goals, as well as more than 200 disease and injury conditions, reducing alcohol problems should offer a platform for collaboration across public health silos but will require that public health itself respect and follow its own science.
Topics: United States; Alcohol Drinking; Public Health; Public Policy; Health Policy
PubMed: 37096612
DOI: 10.1111/1468-0009.12631 -
Cadernos de Saude Publica 2022This study aims to conduct a search of public-policy instruments seeking explicit references to subsequent adolescent pregnancy, as well as to discern what kinds of... (Review)
Review
This study aims to conduct a search of public-policy instruments seeking explicit references to subsequent adolescent pregnancy, as well as to discern what kinds of actions have been proposed as part of the international and national agendas to facilitate subsequent adolescent pregnancy prevention and care. During June 2021, we used an integrative review to search and to analyze national and international public policy instruments along with other documents related to subsequent adolescent pregnancy. We observed, for each, the presence of statements on subsequent adolescent pregnancy. The research team was then divided into triads to discuss and to classify each reference under one of the following categories: (a) a symbolic statement, that is, an intention not implying a specific action but rather presenting a vision for the future; (b) a substantive-material statement concerning an action intended to solve a problem; and (c) a procedural-material statement indicating specific actions, processes, budgets, and actors. We analyzed a total of 135 public-policy documents: 102 in Mexico and 33 internationally. Only four national and six international documents contained either symbolic or substantive-material references to the subject of interest and only one specified a procedural-material statement. The prevention and care of subsequent adolescent pregnancy are addressed only secondarily on the public agendas. Only a minimal number of actions comprise specific and standardized measures to prevent subsequent adolescent pregnancy according to the different actors involved. Designing a greater number of procedural-material policies will help to reduce morbidity and mortality in the mother-child binomial and promote a comprehensive development of this population.
Topics: Adolescent; Brazil; Female; Health Policy; Humans; Mexico; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Adolescence; Public Policy
PubMed: 36169509
DOI: 10.1590/0102-311XEN025922 -
Canadian Journal of Public Health =... Jun 2023Our aim was to synthesize published scholarship that applies policy diffusion-a theory of the policy process that considers the interdependence of government-level... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Our aim was to synthesize published scholarship that applies policy diffusion-a theory of the policy process that considers the interdependence of government-level public health policy choices. We paid particular attention to the role of scientific evidence in the diffusion process, and to identifying challenges and gaps towards strengthening the intersection of public health, public policy, and political science.
METHODS
We systematically searched 17 electronic academic databases. We included English-language, peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2021. For each article, we extracted the following information: public health policy domain, geographic setting, diffusion directions and mechanisms, the role of scientific evidence in the diffusion process, and author research discipline.
SYNTHESIS
We identified 39 peer-reviewed, primary research articles. Anti-smoking and tobacco control policies in the United States (n = 9/39) were the most common policy domain and geographic context examined; comparatively fewer studies examined policy diffusion in the Canadian context (n = 4/39). In terms of how policies diffuse, we found evidence of five diffusion mechanisms (learning, emulation, competition, coercion, and social contagion), which could moreover be conditional on internal government characteristics. The role of scientific evidence in the diffusion process was unclear, as only five articles discussed this. Policy diffusion theory was primarily used by public policy and political science scholars (n = 19/39), with comparatively fewer interdisciplinary authorship teams (n = 6/39).
CONCLUSION
Policy diffusion theory provides important insights into the intergovernmental factors that influence public health policy decisions, thus helping to expand our conceptualization of evidence-informed public health. Despite this, policy diffusion research in the Canadian public health context is limited.
Topics: Humans; Canada; Health Policy; Policy Making; Public Health; Public Policy; United States
PubMed: 36944893
DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00752-x -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023
Topics: Public Policy; Health Policy
PubMed: 37593723
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1227503