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Primary Care Jun 1998Nuclear imaging is assuming an increasing role in the management of patients with cancer. A variety of new radiopharmaceuticals, several antibody or peptide based, as... (Review)
Review
Nuclear imaging is assuming an increasing role in the management of patients with cancer. A variety of new radiopharmaceuticals, several antibody or peptide based, as well as innovative uses of existing radiopharmaceuticals, mean that most nuclear medicine departments equipped with standard imaging devices can image the single photon imaging agents without difficulty.
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Humans; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Neoplasms; Nuclear Medicine; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 9628955
DOI: 10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70068-3 -
Medical Physics 1982The statistical quality of conventional nuclear medical imagery is limited by the small signal collected through low-efficiency conventional apertures. Coded-aperture... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The statistical quality of conventional nuclear medical imagery is limited by the small signal collected through low-efficiency conventional apertures. Coded-aperture imaging overcomes this by employing a two-step process in which the object is first efficiently detected as an "encoded" form which does not resemble the object, and then filtered (or "decoded") to form an image. We present here the imaging properties of a class of time-modulated coded apertures which, unlike most coded apertures, encode projections of the object rather than the object itself. These coded apertures can reconstruct a volume object nontomographically, tomographically (one plane focused), or three-dimensionally. We describe a new decoding algorithm that reconstructs the object from its planar projections. Results of noise calculations are given, and the noise performance of these coded-aperture systems is compared to that of conventional counterparts. A hybrid slit-pinhole system which combines the imaging advantages of a rotating slit and a pinhole is described. A new scintillation detector which accurately measures the position of an event in one dimension only is presented, and its use in our coded-aperture system is outlined. Finally, results of imaging test objects and animals are given.
Topics: Animals; Bone and Bones; Models, Structural; Rabbits; Radionuclide Imaging; Tomography, Emission-Computed
PubMed: 6981056
DOI: 10.1118/1.595171 -
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine... Feb 2012
Topics: Humans; Isotope Labeling; Neoplasms; Peptides; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 22388632
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-012-2064-5 -
Nuclear Medicine Communications Sep 2002
Topics: Brain; Brain Abscess; Central Nervous System Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Leukocytes; Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic; Meningitis; Radionuclide Imaging; Surgical Wound Infection
PubMed: 12195082
DOI: 10.1097/00006231-200209000-00001 -
South African Medical Journal =... Jul 1979
Topics: Electrocardiography; Heart Diseases; Humans; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium; Thallium
PubMed: 483107
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of Nuclear Medicine Dec 2014Cerenkov-light imaging provides inherently high resolution because the light is emitted near the positron radionuclide. However, the magnitude for the high spatial...
OBJECTIVE
Cerenkov-light imaging provides inherently high resolution because the light is emitted near the positron radionuclide. However, the magnitude for the high spatial resolution of Cerenkov-light imaging is unclear. Its potential molecular imaging applications also remain unclear. We developed an ultrahigh-resolution Cerenkov-light imaging system, measured its spatial resolution, and explored its applications to molecular imaging research.
METHODS
Our Cerenkov-light imaging system consists of a high-sensitivity charged-coupled device camera (Hamamatsu Photonics ORCA2-ER) and a bright lens (Xenon 0.95/25). An extension ring was inserted between them to magnify the subject. A ~100-μm-diameter (22)Na point source was made and imaged by the system. For applications of Cerenkov-light imaging, we conducted (18)F-FDG administered in vivo, ex vivo whole brain, and sliced brain imaging of rats.
RESULTS
We obtained spatial resolution of ~220 μm for a (22)Na point source with our developed imaging system. The (18)F-FDG rat head images showed high light intensity in the eyes for the Cerenkov-light images, although there was no accumulation in these parts in the PET images. The sliced rat brain showed much higher spatial resolution for the Cerenkov-light images compared with CdWO4 scintillator-based autoradiography, although some contrast decrease was observed for them.
CONCLUSION
Even though the Cerenkov-light images showed ultrahigh resolution of ~220 μm, their distribution and contrast were sometimes different from the actual positron accumulation in the subjects. Care must be taken when evaluating positron distribution from Cerenkov-light images. However, the ultrahigh resolution of Cerenkov-light imaging will be useful for transparent subjects including phantom studies.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Molecular Imaging; Phantoms, Imaging; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats, Nude; Skin Neoplasms; Sodium Radioisotopes
PubMed: 25103137
DOI: 10.1007/s12149-014-0892-z -
Radiologic Clinics of North America May 2009This article reviews the evolution of nuclear medicine in the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system over the past hundred years, from autoradiography and Geiger... (Review)
Review
This article reviews the evolution of nuclear medicine in the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system over the past hundred years, from autoradiography and Geiger counters and rectilinear scanners to sophisticated imaging devices that provide both functional and morphological information. Initially synonymous with bone scanning, radionuclide evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders now includes gallium, labeled leukocytes, FDG, and fluourine-18, indications and applications of which are reviewed.
Topics: Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Musculoskeletal System; Nuclear Medicine; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 19361673
DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2009.01.006 -
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine... May 2024
Topics: Humans; Thyroid Gland; Radionuclide Imaging; Thyrotoxicosis
PubMed: 38308176
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06629-6 -
Clinical Nuclear Medicine Jul 2019Salivagrams are commonly used for detecting pulmonary aspiration. However, conventional dynamic imaging is relatively time-consuming and could be difficult to perform in...
OBJECTIVE
Salivagrams are commonly used for detecting pulmonary aspiration. However, conventional dynamic imaging is relatively time-consuming and could be difficult to perform in children with poor compliance. We analyzed the characteristics of conventional dynamic imaging to obtain a simple protocol suitable for use in children.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective analysis of salivagram data from 1163 patients (783 males, 380 females; age, 1 month to 9.0 years; mean age, 5.7 months) obtained in the past 4.5 years (January 2014 to June 2018). The various timepoint images were used for diagnosis. The positivity rate, missed diagnosis rate, and sensitivity were calculated and compared.
RESULTS
Dynamic imaging revealed 353 cases of pulmonary aspiration (248 males, 105 females; age, 1 month to 4.5 years; mean age, 6.2 months). The positivity rate was 30.4% (353/1163), and 95.8% (338/353) of patients presented with continuous positive images after pulmonary aspiration. Only 4.2% (15/353) of positive cases showed clearance of pulmonary aspiration. The positivity rates were 11.8%, 18.2%, 21.9%, 25.0%, 27.0%, and 29.2% at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes, respectively. About 4.2% (15/353) of positive cases on earlier images showed clearance of pulmonary aspiration on later images, which indicate both early 15-minute and later 30-minute images were necessary.
CONCLUSIONS
Two static images acquired at 15 and 30 minutes might be an effective alternative to conventional salivagram, which mandates dynamic imaging.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Radionuclide Imaging; Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents; Saliva; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 30985419
DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000002595 -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Dec 2018Radionuclide imaging has an advantage for quantitative analyses of the tracer concentration and its temporal changes. Myocardial perfusion and function have been adapted...
Radionuclide imaging has an advantage for quantitative analyses of the tracer concentration and its temporal changes. Myocardial perfusion and function have been adapted for synchrony analyses. Extracted parameters have been demonstrated to measure ventricular synchrony and even to predict CRT outcomes. ERNA has the advantages of higher temporal resolution, greater reproducibility, and the volumetric analysis of both ventricles that can be applied for analyses of intraventricular synchrony and interventricular synchrony. Several software packages such as Quantitative Gated SPECT, the Emory Cardiac Toolbox, cardioREPO, and Heart Function View are available to assess the LV dyssynchrony parameters from GSPECT. A count-based method is applied to extract the amplitude and phase from each of the reconstructed GSPECT short-axis datasets throughout the cardiac cycle and then subjected to a Fourier analysis, the results of which are displayed on a polar map and histogram. Some of the parameters such as the bandwidth (expressed as the 95% width of the phase histogram) and the standard deviation of the phase are obtained by the phase histogram to assess the intraventricular synchrony. This review paper focuses on the application of the LV dyssynchrony parameters estimated by cardiac SPECT in patients with a heart disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiac-Gated Single-Photon Emission Computer-Assisted Tomography; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Young Adult
PubMed: 28956317
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-1072-z