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Clinics in Plastic Surgery Oct 2009Burn rehabilitation is a serious undertaking, and to produce the best outcomes, it demands the special attention of the entire medical team. A significant burn injury... (Review)
Review
Burn rehabilitation is a serious undertaking, and to produce the best outcomes, it demands the special attention of the entire medical team. A significant burn injury may lead to functional and aesthetic limitations along with psychosocial issues affecting the quality of life for the person who has the injury. Burn rehabilitation professionals specialize in assisting patients to achieve optimal functional outcomes at the completion of the rehabilitative process.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Burns; Casts, Surgical; Cicatrix; Exercise Therapy; Humans; Massage; Posture; Prostheses and Implants; Recovery of Function; Self Care; Splints
PubMed: 19793561
DOI: 10.1016/j.cps.2009.05.008 -
Acta Oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) 2007Rehabilitation of cancer patients include a broad range of activities aimed at information, counselling, advices on possible change of lifestyle and behaviour,... (Review)
Review
Rehabilitation of cancer patients include a broad range of activities aimed at information, counselling, advices on possible change of lifestyle and behaviour, psychological support, social welfare questions, ways of coping with side-effects of the anti-carcinogenic treatment given and additional treatment of numerous clinical problems. The change in the age distribution combined with the growing number of cancer survivors and the scarce economic resources allocated to 'after-treatment' clinical follow-up of cancer patients, even in the Scandinavian countries characterised by their public tax financed health system, emphasize the need for screening of rehabilitation needs among cancer patients. There is a need to identify patients in need for psychological and social intervention. However, this intervention among cancer patients in need has to be based on results achieved in clinical studies. This paper gives a brief introduction to the field of rehabilitation research and indicates a number of areas in which research would be of benefit for the clinical organisation of rehabilitation activities. These areas include the implication of social inequality, a characterisation of cancer patients who rehabilitate successfully, the gender perspective in rehabilitation, the age perspective, how to establish cancer disease specific rehabilitation modules, family and community aspects of rehabilitation, the dilemma between individual responsibility for lifestyle changes and feelings of guilt and the need for models which can determine the best timing of the intervention among cancer patients.
Topics: Age Factors; Humans; Life Style; Neoplasms; Rehabilitation; Research; Sex Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 17497310
DOI: 10.1080/02841860701316057 -
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Jul 1997Rehabilitation of foot and ankle injuries is essential for full functional recovery and prevention of chronic disease. Rehabilitation includes the usage of physical... (Review)
Review
Rehabilitation of foot and ankle injuries is essential for full functional recovery and prevention of chronic disease. Rehabilitation includes the usage of physical therapy modalities and rehabilitative exercise whose goals are the reduction of pain and edema and the increase of strength and proprioception. Physical therapy modalities may be classified as thermal, mechanical or electrical agents and include the use of ice, heat, ultrasound, phonophoresis, iontophoresis, intermittent compression, therapeutic massage and a variety of electrical currents. Rehabilitative exercises are primarily designed to increase flexibility, range of motion, strength, proprioception and sport-specific development prior to resumption of full activity. Proper rehabilitation of the lateral ankle (inversion) sprain is critical due to its frequency and potential for chronic pain and recurrence.
Topics: Ankle Injuries; Athletic Injuries; Exercise Therapy; Foot Injuries; Humans; Physical Therapy Modalities
PubMed: 9257040
DOI: No ID Found -
NeuroRehabilitation 2022Balance is a crucial function of basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and is often considered the priority in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients' rehabilitation.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Balance is a crucial function of basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and is often considered the priority in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients' rehabilitation. Technological devices have been developed to support balance assessment and training, ensuring an earlier, intensive, and goal-oriented motor therapy.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review is to explore the technology-assisted strategies to assess and rehabilitate balance function in persons with SCI.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted in the databases PubMed, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, Cochrane Library, and Embase. Full reports on Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) of parallel-group or cross-over design and non-RCTs were included according to the following criteria: i) publication year from 1990 to 2021; ii) balance considered as a primary or secondary outcome; iii) population of individuals with SCI with age over 18 years old, regardless of traumatic or non-traumatic lesions, Time Since Injury, lesion level, Asia Impairment Scale score and gender. The methodological quality was determined for each included study according to the recognized Downs and Black (D&B) tool.
RESULTS
Nineteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Four articles focused on balance assessment while 15 targeted rehabilitation interventions to improve balance by using Treadmill-Based Devices (TBD), OverGround Devices (OGD) and Tilt Table Devices (TTD). Statistically significant effects on balance can be found in TBD subcategory, in the hip-knee guidance subcategory of OGD and in the study of TTD category.
CONCLUSION
Although different studies reported positive effects, improvements due to technology-assisted rehabilitation were not greater than those obtained by means of other rehabilitation therapies. The heterogeneity, low methodological quality, and the small number of the studies included do not allow general conclusions about the usefulness of technology-assisted balance assessment and training in individuals with SCI, even if significant improvements have been reported in some studies.
Topics: Adolescent; Exercise Test; Humans; Neurological Rehabilitation; Physical Therapy Modalities; Spinal Cord Injuries; Technology
PubMed: 35723118
DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220060 -
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) Feb 2016Specialists in physical medicine and rehabilitation are important partners during the ageing process: health promotion and prevention for fit elderly people, training... (Review)
Review
Specialists in physical medicine and rehabilitation are important partners during the ageing process: health promotion and prevention for fit elderly people, training and rehabilitation for prefrail people and support for frail people focusing on usage of what is left and dignity in the latest period of life. The main focus is the relationship between IC diagnoses and functioning in everyday life based on the International Classification of Functioning (ICF). The diseases lead to possible treatments; functioning shows the importance of rehabilitative strategies in a team approach. Physiatrists are experts on this complex issue.The main goal of rehabilitative strategies during life course is to maintain function, improve quality of life and delay dependency and need of care.Three settings are chosen to show the different aspects of physical medicine and rehabilitation: health promotion and prevention, rehabilitation and palliative-rehabilitative procedures in long-term care. The non-pharmaceutical treatment of pain, the geriatric assessment, knowledge in discharge management and team communications are important skills.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Austria; Chronic Pain; Combined Modality Therapy; Exercise Therapy; Frail Elderly; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Intersectoral Collaboration; Long-Term Care; Palliative Care; Patient Care Team; Physical Therapy Modalities; Quality of Life
PubMed: 26758981
DOI: 10.1007/s10354-015-0420-3 -
Recenti Progressi in Medicina Sep 2000Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that causes a progressive decline of cognitive and behavioural functions. The simultaneous presence of these disorders... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that causes a progressive decline of cognitive and behavioural functions. The simultaneous presence of these disorders requires a treatment not only for cognitive decline, but also for behavioural symptoms, depression and caregiver's stress. Research has made many efforts to develop a wide range of treatments, different from current pharmacological therapy, which is not resolutive, owing to the absence of an exact etiopathogenetic mechanism. Since new drugs have not been shown to be really effective in slowing cognitive impairment, various forms of rehabilitative interventions have been proposed in order to treat Alzheimer's disease. Their efficacy in the improvement of cognitive functions is still not completely clear. Surely, interesting results have been obtained from studies about Reality Orientation Therapy, Occupational Therapy and Memory Training. Music therapy might provide a new form of rehabilitative intervention, especially acting on the reducing of behavioural symptoms. These alternative forms of non pharmacological treatment may have a positive effect on caregiver. The heavy emotional burden of seeing a loved one becoming confused and isolated and of having to accept new responsibilities, may be reduced by rehabilitative supports, complementary to the pharmacological therapy. Caregiver stress could be reduced in two ways: by promoting the hope that something is being done for the patient and providing free time for himself.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Caregivers; Humans; Memory; Music Therapy; Occupational Therapy; Psychotherapy; Reality Therapy
PubMed: 11021168
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances 2012Advances in combat casualty care have contributed to unprecedented survival rates of battlefield injuries, challenging the field of rehabilitation to help injured... (Review)
Review
Advances in combat casualty care have contributed to unprecedented survival rates of battlefield injuries, challenging the field of rehabilitation to help injured service members achieve maximal functional recovery and independence. Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the care of the multiple-limb amputee. Specialized medical, surgical, and rehabilitative interventions are needed to optimize the care of this unique patient population. This article describes lessons learned at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Bethesda in providing advanced therapy and prosthetics for combat casualties, but provides guidelines for all providers involved in the care of individuals with amputation.
Topics: Amputation, Traumatic; Amputees; Artificial Limbs; Humans; Multiple Trauma; Occupational Therapy; Physical Therapy Modalities
PubMed: 22381511
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2022Frailty, a physiological syndrome (FS) affecting primarily the older adults, manifests itself through significantly depleted bodily reserves, and appreciably higher (up... (Review)
Review
Frailty, a physiological syndrome (FS) affecting primarily the older adults, manifests itself through significantly depleted bodily reserves, and appreciably higher (up to over threefold) individual exposure to fall risk. Concomitant medical conditions such as balance impairment, reduced visual acuity, limited mobility, and significantly diminished daily functional performance further exacerbate the patients' condition. Their resultant susceptibility to frequent hospitalisations makes their prognosis even worse. This narrative review aimed to provide an overview of published studies focused on rehabilitation management approaches aided by virtual reality (VR) technology in frail older adults. The authors had it also augmented with their own, evidence-based body of experience in rehabilitation. Making use of technologically advanced exercise machinery, specially adapted for rehabilitating frail older adults, combined with a structured exercise regimen, further aided by the application of select virtual reality (VR) technology solutions, clearly proved effective. Consequently, the patients were helped to move back from the frail to the pre-frail stage, as well as had their motor and cognitive functions appreciably enhanced. The application of modern technology in rehabilitating older adults over 65, affected by FS, when specifically aided by the select VR technology solutions, was also proven to complement successfully the conventional rehabilitation management. The overall versatility of the VR technology solutions, e.g., adaptation for home use allowing remote supervision, also makes this novel approach to rehabilitation far more appealing to the patients. They find it both very attractive and far more mentally engaging. Its considerable potential lies mostly in being appreciably more effective in bringing in desirable therapeutic outcomes.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Frail Elderly; Frailty; Stroke Rehabilitation; Virtual Reality
PubMed: 35270677
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052985 -
Nutrition in Clinical Practice :... Apr 2018Rehabilitation after critical illness requires a multidisciplinary effort. Nutrition support of critically ill patients aims to correct the imbalance between protein... (Review)
Review
Rehabilitation after critical illness requires a multidisciplinary effort. Nutrition support of critically ill patients aims to correct the imbalance between protein synthesis and protein degradation to maximize strengthening and muscle mass, whereas physical and occupational therapists focus on optimizing strength and mobility through functional activity to help intensive care (ICU) patients return to their precritical illness level of function and improve quality of life. Early mobility has become the new standard of care for ICU patients. Therapists utilize various devices and technologies to increase the feasibility of early mobility and enhance the rehabilitation process to ensure that patients reach their rehabilitation goals. Tools such as electrical stimulation, cycle ergometers, dynamic tilt tables, and resistive bands aid in strengthening. Therapists use safe patient-handling equipment and ambulation aids to address gait impairments. Adaptive toileting, dressing, bathing, and feeding tools facilitate greater independence with activities of daily living. Augmentative and alternative communication devices promote well-being and communication of basic needs. Splints prevent joint contracture and maintain functional range of motion. Overall, many rehabilitation devices are safe and feasible for use in an ICU setting and serve to maximize strength and functional independence. The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss the benefits and limitations of available rehabilitation devices in the context of critical illness rehabilitation goals.
Topics: Critical Illness; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Nutritional Support; Patient Care Team; Rehabilitation; Workforce
PubMed: 29658187
DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10077 -
Die Rehabilitation Apr 2013
Topics: Disabled Persons; Germany; Humans; Motivation; Needs Assessment; Patient Care Planning; Patient Participation; Patient Satisfaction; Patient-Centered Care; Rehabilitation
PubMed: 23615949
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341483