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Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry 1982
Review
Topics: Animals; Behavior; Depressive Disorder; Emotions; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Rubidium
PubMed: 7048073
DOI: 10.1159/000406241 -
Blood Purification 2008Depression may induce malnutrition, but, as a paradoxical hypothesis, malnutrition may induce depression. This relationship, of course, depends on how we define...
BACKGROUND
Depression may induce malnutrition, but, as a paradoxical hypothesis, malnutrition may induce depression. This relationship, of course, depends on how we define malnutrition.
CURRENT KNOWLEDGE
Rubidium is a trace element strongly linked with depression, and is deficient in uremia sufferers. However, in uremic patients, rubidium deficiency is more evident during predialysis, as it is at least partially corrected during dialysis and after transplantation. It seems that diet restrictions might be the main cause of rubidium deficiency, as it is mainly found in red meat.
CONCLUSION
If rubidium is found in salami, then the occasional slice could be more beneficial for people suffering from depression than taking a lot of medication.
Topics: Depression; Humans; Meat; Rubidium; Uremia
PubMed: 18460869
DOI: 10.1159/000129657 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2022Accurate knowledge of the rubidium (Rb) vapor density, [Rb], is necessary to correctly model the spin dynamics of 129Xe-Rb spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP). Here we...
Accurate knowledge of the rubidium (Rb) vapor density, [Rb], is necessary to correctly model the spin dynamics of 129Xe-Rb spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP). Here we present a systematic evaluation of [Rb] within a high-throughput 129Xe-Rb hyperpolarizer during continuous-flow SEOP. Near-infrared (52S1/2→52P1/2 (D1)/52P3/2 (D2)) and violet (52S1/2→62P1/2/62P3/2) atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to measure [Rb] within 3.5 L cylindrical SEOP cells containing different spatial distributions and amounts of Rb metal. We were able to quantify deviation from the Beer-Lambert law at high optical depth for D2 and 62P3/2 absorption by comparison with measurements of the D1 and 62P1/2 absorption lines, respectively. D2 absorption deviates from the Beer-Lambert law at [Rb]D2>4×1017 m−3 whilst 52S1/2→62P3/2 absorption deviates from the Beer-Lambert law at [Rb]6P3/2>(4.16±0.01)×1019 m−3. The measured [Rb] was used to estimate a 129Xe-Rb spin exchange cross section of γ′=(1.2±0.1)×10−21 m3 s−1, consistent with spin-exchange cross sections from the literature. Significant [Rb] heterogeneity was observed in a SEOP cell containing 1 g of Rb localized at the back of the cell. While [Rb] homogeneity was improved for a greater surface area of the Rb source distribution in the cell, or by using a Rb presaturator, the measured [Rb] was consistently lower than that predicted by saturation Rb vapor density curves. Efforts to optimize [Rb] and thermal management within spin polarizer systems are necessary to maximize potential future enhancements of this technology.
Topics: Xenon Isotopes; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rubidium; Temperature
PubMed: 36615208
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010011 -
General Pharmacology 1987
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Assay and Drug Development Technologies Oct 2004The recent sequencing of the human genome has created comprehensive information of all potential drug targets. Based on current estimations for the total number of... (Review)
Review
The recent sequencing of the human genome has created comprehensive information of all potential drug targets. Based on current estimations for the total number of genes, around 400 poreforming ion channel genes can be expected corresponding to about 1.3% of the human genome. Since many ion channels are involved in diseases and the currently marketed drugs act only on a small fraction of these pore-forming membrane proteins, there is a big opportunity for innovative ion channel drug discovery. In fact, recent advances in the development of functional ion channel assays are currently enabling a more systematic exploitation of this important target class. In particular, fluorescence-based methods, automated electrophysiology, and ion flux assays are most important in this regard. This article will briefly describe these methods focusing on the nonradioactive Rb(+) efflux assay that I developed in the early 1990s since it has found widespread application in drug discovery and development and greatly displaced (86)Rb(+) assays for the analysis of K(+) and nonselective cation channels in the pharmaceutical industry.
Topics: Animals; Drug Design; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Rubidium; Technology, Pharmaceutical
PubMed: 15671653
DOI: 10.1089/adt.2004.2.553 -
L'Encephale 1977Rubidium salts have been used in human therapy since the end of the last century. The fact that an actual use in psychiatry has been considered is mainly due to Meltzer... (Review)
Review
Rubidium salts have been used in human therapy since the end of the last century. The fact that an actual use in psychiatry has been considered is mainly due to Meltzer and al's works in 1969. The pharmacological studies do not reveal any psychopharmacological "provile" presently known; they point out that Rubidium has stimulant properties, whick, in certain conditions, can increase activity, central excitability and sometimes aggressiveness, among the animals used for the experiments. The hypothesis of a contingent antidepressant action of Rubidium is essentially based on the existence of properties opposite to those of Lithium. This is especially true in the biochemical field: Rubidium may enhance the release of Norepinephrine whereas Lithium has an opposite effect. The toxicological studies show that, because of some properties common to Rubidium and Potassium, it is necessary to control Potassium intake and to avoid that Rubidium replace too high a percentage of this ion: the extended half-life (about forty days in man) makes necessary the working up of chronical studies to evaluate the toxicity which is linked to its long-term accumulation. For Rubidium blood concentrations superior to 1 mEq/1., the first clinical studies seem to point out that an antidepressant action would exist. Nevertheless a certain delay of action is necessary to the onset of a therapeutic effect; no noticeable adverse effect has been detected.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Cardiovascular System; Depression; Humans; Respiratory System; Rubidium
PubMed: 346346
DOI: No ID Found -
Food Chemistry May 2020The aim of this study was to discriminate between Korean and Chinese perilla seeds by using inorganic elemental analysis data combined with orthogonal partial least...
The aim of this study was to discriminate between Korean and Chinese perilla seeds by using inorganic elemental analysis data combined with orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Inorganic element content data were obtained from 29 Korean and 11 Chinese perilla seed samples distributed in Korea. Using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, 11 species of inorganic elements were detected in the perilla seed samples and eight of them were quantified. The Rb content was selected as the variable to best discriminate between Korean and Chinese perilla seeds using an S-plot generated from OPLS-DA. An accurate range for the Rb content was determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. The Rb content is remarkably higher in Chinese perilla seeds (8.7-19.0 mg/kg) than in Korean perilla seeds (0.0-7.6 mg/kg), thereby suggesting that Rb analysis may be an appropriate approach to discriminate Chinese perilla seeds from Korean perilla seeds.
Topics: Perilla; Republic of Korea; Rubidium; Seeds
PubMed: 31887622
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126067 -
Beitrage Zur Infusionstherapie =... 1991
Review
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Nervous System Diseases; Nutritional Requirements; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Potassium; Rubidium; Tissue Distribution; Uremia
PubMed: 1713102
DOI: No ID Found -
Comprehensive Therapy Sep 1987Rubidium appears to exert several biologic and pharmacologic effects that are similar if not identical to those of many of the classic antidepressant drugs. This mineral... (Review)
Review
Rubidium appears to exert several biologic and pharmacologic effects that are similar if not identical to those of many of the classic antidepressant drugs. This mineral element, if given orally as rubidium chloride, appears to be nontoxic and therapeutically effective in several types of depressive disorders. Currently, however, it is unclear whether or not rubidium will serve as an invaluable pharmacologic agent of a direct clinical nature. Further pharmacometric studies and clinical evaluations are needed to elucidate its mechanism of action and to ascertain its future therapeutic role as an antidepressant drug in clinical psychiatry.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Catecholamines; Depression; Humans; Lithium; Rubidium
PubMed: 3311597
DOI: No ID Found -
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine Apr 1973
Comparative Study Review
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Coronary Circulation; Humans; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Injections, Intravenous; Radioisotopes; Rubidium; Xenon
PubMed: 4572259
DOI: 10.1016/s0001-2998(73)80010-8