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Blood Purification 2008Depression may induce malnutrition, but, as a paradoxical hypothesis, malnutrition may induce depression. This relationship, of course, depends on how we define...
BACKGROUND
Depression may induce malnutrition, but, as a paradoxical hypothesis, malnutrition may induce depression. This relationship, of course, depends on how we define malnutrition.
CURRENT KNOWLEDGE
Rubidium is a trace element strongly linked with depression, and is deficient in uremia sufferers. However, in uremic patients, rubidium deficiency is more evident during predialysis, as it is at least partially corrected during dialysis and after transplantation. It seems that diet restrictions might be the main cause of rubidium deficiency, as it is mainly found in red meat.
CONCLUSION
If rubidium is found in salami, then the occasional slice could be more beneficial for people suffering from depression than taking a lot of medication.
Topics: Depression; Humans; Meat; Rubidium; Uremia
PubMed: 18460869
DOI: 10.1159/000129657 -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Oct 2020
Topics: Humans; Perfusion; Positron-Emission Tomography; Rubidium; Rubidium Radioisotopes
PubMed: 32895860
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02287-x -
Kidney International Oct 1988A combination of clearance and electron microprobe studies was carried out to investigate renal rubidium excretion and rubidium distribution between plasma and...
A combination of clearance and electron microprobe studies was carried out to investigate renal rubidium excretion and rubidium distribution between plasma and individual tubule cells. Saline-infused animals were compared with potassium-loaded rats and another group in which rubidium was given in such amounts that the sum of plasma rubidium plus potassium equalled the potassium concentration in the potassium-loaded rats. The renal clearance of rubidium was uniformly less than that of potassium. Nevertheless, rubidium stimulated fractional potassium excretion above the levels observed in both saline- and potassium-loaded animals. When compared with their plasma concentrations, rubidium was concentrated in all tubule cell types more than potassium, and this is most likely due to restriction of passive diffusion of rubidium from cells to extracellular fluid. In addition, heterogeneity of intercalated cell ion composition was observed: one cell group had high chloride and potassium, but low rubidium contents, whereas the other was characterized by low chloride and potassium, but high rubidium contents.
Topics: Animals; Electron Probe Microanalysis; Kidney; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rubidium
PubMed: 3199665
DOI: 10.1038/ki.1988.202 -
Plant Signaling & Behavior Dec 2022Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi interact with the roots of most land plants and help them to acquire various mineral resources from the soil, including potassium (K)....
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi interact with the roots of most land plants and help them to acquire various mineral resources from the soil, including potassium (K). However, tracking K movement in AM symbiosis remains challenging. Recently, we reported that rubidium can be used as a proxy for K in mycorrhizal . In the present work, we investigated the possibility of using cesium (Cs) as another proxy for K in AM symbiosis. Plants were placed in growing systems that include a separate compartment only accessible to the AM fungus isolate 09 and in which various amounts of cesium chloride (0 mM, 0.5 mM, 1.5 mM, or 3.75 mM) were supplied. Plants were watered with sufficient K or K-free nutrient solutions, and shoot and root biomass, fungal colonization, and K and Cs concentrations were recorded seven weeks after inoculation. Our results indicate that Cs accumulated in plant tissues only when K was present in the nutrient solution and when the highest concentration of Cs was used in the fungal compartment. Consequently, we conclude that Cs could be used as a proxy for K in AM symbiosis, but with serious limitations.
Topics: Medicago truncatula; Mycorrhizae; Potassium; Rubidium; Cesium; Soil; Symbiosis; Plant Roots
PubMed: 36259539
DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2134676 -
BMC Microbiology Feb 2021The microbiota plays an important role in host health. Although rubidium (Rb) has been used to study its effects on depression and cancers, the interaction between...
BACKGROUND
The microbiota plays an important role in host health. Although rubidium (Rb) has been used to study its effects on depression and cancers, the interaction between microbial commensals and Rb is still unexplored. To gain the knowledge of the relationship between Rb and microbes, 51 mice receiving RbCl-based treatment and 13 untreated mice were evaluated for their characteristics and bacterial microbiome changes.
RESULTS
The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of fecal microbiota showed that RbCl generally maintained fecal microbial community diversity, while the shifts in fecal microbial composition were apparent after RbCl exposure. RbCl significantly enhanced the abundances of Rikenellaceae, Alistipes, Clostridium XlVa and sulfate-reducing bacteria including Deltaproteobacteria, Desulfovibrionales, Desulfovibrionaceae and Desulfovibrio, but significantly inhibited the abundances of Tenericutes, Mollicutes, Anaeroplasmatales, Anaeroplasmataceae and Anaeroplasma lineages. With regarding to the archaea, we only observed two less richness archaea Sulfolobus and Acidiplasma at the genus level.
CONCLUSIONS
Changes of fecal microbes may in part contribute to the anticancer or anti-depressant effects of RbCl. These findings further validate that the microbiome could be a target for therapeutic intervention.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Bacteria; Chlorides; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Male; Mice; Rubidium; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
PubMed: 33588762
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02095-4 -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Rubidium; Coronary Artery Disease; Positron-Emission Tomography; Perfusion; Rubidium Radioisotopes; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging; Coronary Circulation
PubMed: 34611851
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-021-02786-5 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2022Accurate knowledge of the rubidium (Rb) vapor density, [Rb], is necessary to correctly model the spin dynamics of 129Xe-Rb spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP). Here we...
Accurate knowledge of the rubidium (Rb) vapor density, [Rb], is necessary to correctly model the spin dynamics of 129Xe-Rb spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP). Here we present a systematic evaluation of [Rb] within a high-throughput 129Xe-Rb hyperpolarizer during continuous-flow SEOP. Near-infrared (52S1/2→52P1/2 (D1)/52P3/2 (D2)) and violet (52S1/2→62P1/2/62P3/2) atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to measure [Rb] within 3.5 L cylindrical SEOP cells containing different spatial distributions and amounts of Rb metal. We were able to quantify deviation from the Beer-Lambert law at high optical depth for D2 and 62P3/2 absorption by comparison with measurements of the D1 and 62P1/2 absorption lines, respectively. D2 absorption deviates from the Beer-Lambert law at [Rb]D2>4×1017 m−3 whilst 52S1/2→62P3/2 absorption deviates from the Beer-Lambert law at [Rb]6P3/2>(4.16±0.01)×1019 m−3. The measured [Rb] was used to estimate a 129Xe-Rb spin exchange cross section of γ′=(1.2±0.1)×10−21 m3 s−1, consistent with spin-exchange cross sections from the literature. Significant [Rb] heterogeneity was observed in a SEOP cell containing 1 g of Rb localized at the back of the cell. While [Rb] homogeneity was improved for a greater surface area of the Rb source distribution in the cell, or by using a Rb presaturator, the measured [Rb] was consistently lower than that predicted by saturation Rb vapor density curves. Efforts to optimize [Rb] and thermal management within spin polarizer systems are necessary to maximize potential future enhancements of this technology.
Topics: Xenon Isotopes; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rubidium; Temperature
PubMed: 36615208
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010011 -
The Journal of Physiology Sep 19691. Rats were given drinking water containing either 20 mM-CsCl or 20 mM-RbCl for a period of 2 weeks. Samples of blood were then taken from the rats under anaesthetic....
1. Rats were given drinking water containing either 20 mM-CsCl or 20 mM-RbCl for a period of 2 weeks. Samples of blood were then taken from the rats under anaesthetic. They were immediately centrifuged and the plasma taken for analysis. Soleus muscles, diaphragm, extensor digitorum longus, white gastrocnemius and vastus lateralis muscles were then taken from the dead animals and these and the plasma were analysed for potassium, and for caesium or rubidium by means of the flame photometer.2. The concentrations of potassium and rubidium or caesium in the fibre water of these various muscles and in the samples of plasma water were then calculated.3. It was found that the red muscles including soleus and diaphragm generally tended to accumulate caesium and rubidium to a greater extent than did the white muscles such as the white gastrocnemius and vastus lateralis.4. When the concentration ratio [K](i)/[K](o) was divided into the ratio [Rb](i)/[Rb](o) for the different muscles, values of about 1.3 were obtained for the red muscles compared with values about 1.14 for white muscles.5. When in the case of the caesium-treated rats the ratio [K](i)/[K](o) was divided into the ratio [Cs](i)/[Cs](o) values ranged from 1.94 +/- 0.12 for the red soleus to 1.08 +/- 0.09 for the white gastrocnemius.6. When these values in the caesium-treated animals were plotted against the percentage of red fibres in the five muscle types (as obtained from the data of Sreter & Woo, 1963) the graph indicated that the white fibres had similar ionic gradients for Cs(+) and K(+) and that affinity for Cs(+) was confined to the red fibres.7. The membrane potential measured in soleus and extensor muscles immersed in plasma from the same animal was not significantly different from E(K) but was much less than E(Cs).8. These results are interpreted in terms of permeability differences between the slow red fibres and white twitch fibres.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Cesium; Diaphragm; Female; Membrane Potentials; Muscles; Potassium; Rats; Rubidium
PubMed: 5352044
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1969.sp008908 -
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry :... 2019Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most frequently used nanomaterials in industrial and biomedical applications. Their functionalization significantly impacts their...
BACKGROUND/AIMS
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most frequently used nanomaterials in industrial and biomedical applications. Their functionalization significantly impacts their properties and potential applications. Despite the need to produce, investigate and apply them, not much is known about the toxicity of silver nanoparticles to and their interaction with blood components, such as erythrocytes. Here, we report on the effect of two negatively charged AgNPs (Creighton, and Lee-Meisel) on ion transport in human red blood cells (HRBCs).
METHODS
HRBCs were obtained from blood of adult donors, which was either expired, fresh or refrigerated for variable lengths of time, and from fresh or refrigerated cord blood. Rb and K ions were measured by atomic emission and absorption spectrophotometry, respectively. Erythrocyte hemoglobin optical density (Hb OD), was determined at 527 nm to estimate RBC volume in the same tubes in which Rb and K were measured. Cellular Rb uptake and intracellular K concentrations, [K], were calculated in mmol/L of original cells (LOC) per time. Rubidium, a potassium ion (K) congener used to measure K influx, [K], and Hb ODs were determined in the presence and absence of several concentrations (0-150 µg mL) of spherical AgNPs of an average diameter of 10 nm, at different time points (0-60 min).
RESULTS
Creighton AgNPs inhibited Rb influx and depleted the cells of K independently of the source and in a time and dose-dependent manner. In contrast, Lee-Meisel AgNPs caused ~ 50 % Rb influx inhibition and ~ 15 % K loss with larger interindividual variability than Creighton AgNPs. The loss of K from HRBCs was entirely accounted for by an increase in extracellular K concentration, [K]. Enhanced dark field optical microscopy in conjunction with CytoViva® hyperspectral imaging helped visualize AgNPs internalized by HRBCs, thus pointing to a potential cause for their cytotoxic effects.
CONCLUSION
These findings indicate that HRBC K homeostasis is an early and sensitive biomarker for AgNPs toxicity and is a function of their surface functionalization.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Erythrocytes; Humans; Ion Transport; Metal Nanoparticles; Particle Size; Potassium; Rubidium; Silver
PubMed: 31512466
DOI: 10.33594/000000156 -
Environmental Health Perspectives Dec 1974An important problem in the study of microparticles in the marine environment, suspended in the water column or deposited as sediment on the ocean bottom, is the...
An important problem in the study of microparticles in the marine environment, suspended in the water column or deposited as sediment on the ocean bottom, is the determination of provenance of the microparticles-where did they come from and by what processes were they transported to the sampling location? Two techniques of possible interest to those concerned with tracing the origins and dispersion paths of asbestos particles are described. One utilizes variations in the naturally occurring rubidium-strontium isotope system and is used to characterize a bulk sample, i.e., a large number of particles. The other utilizes scanning electron microscopy to observe variations in surface texture of individual grains which, in the case of quartz particles in the natural environment, can be related to the transport processes to which they have been subjected.
Topics: Asbestos; Quartz; Rubidium; Seawater; Strontium; Water Pollution, Chemical
PubMed: 4470933
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.749177