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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer &... Nov 2011Chemotherapy-induced mucositis is a clinically important and sometimes dose-limiting toxicity of cancer treatment, including standard-dose chemotherapy, high-dose...
Chemotherapy-induced mucositis is a clinically important and sometimes dose-limiting toxicity of cancer treatment, including standard-dose chemotherapy, high-dose chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. Consequently, dose reductions or treatment delays resulting from mucositis may impair treatment effectiveness. Symptoms are oral mucositis, dysphagia, abdominal pain and diarrhea, depending on the affected site. Although the underlying pathobiology of oral mucositis has been considerably elucidated over the past decade, there are few interventions for the prevention or treatment validated by randomized trials. The most commonly accepted intervention is basic oral care. Diarrhea is most common in patients treated with irinotecan and in some cases, life-threatening. No definitive interventions for the prevention of diarrhea exist, but there is evidence that loperamide and octreotide are effective for chemotherapy-induced diarrhea. In future, there is a need for well designed trials, preferably including a placebo or no treatment control, validating more effective interventions for managing chemotherapy- induced mucositis.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diarrhea; Humans; Neoplasms; Stomatitis
PubMed: 22083181
DOI: No ID Found -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Nov 1999Feline herpesvirus-associated dermatitis has rarely been reported. Recently we documented a unique ulcerative and often persistent facial dermatitis or stomatitis... (Review)
Review
Feline herpesvirus-associated dermatitis has rarely been reported. Recently we documented a unique ulcerative and often persistent facial dermatitis or stomatitis syndrome associated with feline herpesvirus 1. We believe this syndrome is relatively common, with the 10 cases in our series diagnosed between 1996 and 1997. The syndrome is associated with epithelial cell necrosis, eosinophilic inflammation, and intraepithelial herpesvirus inclusion bodies. The prevalence of eosinophilic inflammation and low number of inclusion bodies may lead to the misdiagnosis of allergic dermatitis or a lesion within the eosinophilic granuloma complex group of disorders. Feline herpesvirus 1 can be identified in lesional tissue by PCR methodology. Most of our cases developed under circumstances suggesting reactivation of latent herpesvirus infection, and previous glucocorticoid therapy or stress from overcrowding may have played a role in lesion development. Cats with ulcerative dermatitis, especially of the face and nose, and cats with stomatitis should be evaluated for the presence of feline herpesvirus. Treatment options include surgical excision, topical or systemic antibiotic therapy to treat secondary bacterial infection, and oral alpha interferon.
Topics: Alphaherpesvirinae; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diagnosis, Differential; Facial Dermatoses; Herpesviridae Infections; Nose; Stomatitis
PubMed: 10562999
DOI: 10.1016/s0195-5616(99)50126-5 -
Efficacy of Cryotherapy and Hangeshashinto for Radiation-induced Oral Stomatitis: Preliminary Study.In Vivo (Athens, Greece) 2023Radiation-induced stomatitis is one of the main acute disorders in patients with head and neck cancer. Since its treatment is often delayed or discontinued, the control...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Radiation-induced stomatitis is one of the main acute disorders in patients with head and neck cancer. Since its treatment is often delayed or discontinued, the control of perioperative oral function is necessary. It has been reported that Hangeshashinto (Japanese traditional herbal medicine) and cryotherapy (known as frozen therapy) alleviate oral stomatitis and the accompanying pain. In the present study, the combination effect of Hangeshashinto and cryotherapy on radiation-induced stomatitis in patients with head and neck cancers was investigated for the first time.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Fifty patients with head and neck cancer were subjected to radiation therapy with concomitant administration of anticancer drugs. They were separated into two groups, matched according to age, stage of cancer progression, total radiation dose, and type of concomitant anticancer drugs. One group was orally administrated frozen Hangeshashinto, while another group was not. Oral mucosal damage was assessed by the grade classification CTCAE v4.0 of the National Cancer Institute of the United States (Japanese JCOG version). Duration time of radiation-induced stomatitis was determined by the appearance of grade 1 redness to its disappearance.
RESULTS
Frozen Hangeshashinto significantly alleviated, delayed the onset, and reduced the duration time of the radiation-induced stomatitis.
CONCLUSION
Cryotherapy in combination with Hangeshashinto can be used for the treatment of radiation-induced oral stomatitis.
Topics: Humans; Cryotherapy; Stomatitis; Mouth Mucosa; Pain
PubMed: 36881064
DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13149 -
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of... Aug 2012
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Stomatitis
PubMed: 23156575
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2020Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is considered the most severe non-haematological complication affecting almost every head and neck cancer patient during the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is considered the most severe non-haematological complication affecting almost every head and neck cancer patient during the course of radiotherapy (RT). Curcumin, a herbal agent present in Indian spice 'Turmeric' has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation and wound healing properties. The objective of this pilot randomised controlled clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness and safety of 0.1% curcumin (freshly prepared using nanoparticles) and 0.15% benzydamine mouthwash on RIOM among 74 head and neck cancer patients scheduled to receive RT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Assessment of RIOM was carried out using WHO criteria once in a week for 6 weeks. Both modified intention to treat (MIT) and per protocol (PP) analysis were carried out to test the null hypothesis of equal effectiveness on prevention and severity of RIOM.
RESULTS
As far as the onset of RIOM is concerned, MIT analysis showed that the instantaneous risk of getting the onset of RIOM was 50% lower (hazard ratio 0.5) in curcumin. Onset of RIOM was also significantly delayed (mean = 19.56, median = 21) in the test group by 2 weeks. But in 'PP' analysis, no significant difference was observed between two preparations and almost all patients experienced the onset. Both the mouthwashes were equally effective in preventing the occurrence of severe form of RIOM in PP analysis after dichotomisation of severity score (≥3 and ≤2).
CONCLUSION
Though both the mouthwashes were not able to completely prevent the onset of RIOM and reduce the severity of RIOM, use of 0.1% curcumin mouthwash was able to significantly delay the onset of RIOM (Clinical trial registration no. CTRI/2018/04/013362).
Topics: Curcumin; Double-Blind Method; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mouthwashes; Pilot Projects; Stomatitis
PubMed: 33433509
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_822_18 -
Seminars in Oncology Nursing Feb 2022To provide an overview with the most up-to-date evidence on the management of cancer-treatment related mucositis. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To provide an overview with the most up-to-date evidence on the management of cancer-treatment related mucositis.
DATA SOURCES
Peer-reviewed articles, textbooks, and the internet.
CONCLUSION
A multitude of new and innovative treatments for the management of mucositis exist. Mucositis guidelines have changed to reflect the current evidence, but more research is needed on emerging modalities.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
Oncology nurses have a primary role in the assessment and early identification of mucositis. Educating patients and recommending evidence-based guidelines is paramount in preventing and ameliorating this challenging side effect of treatment.
Topics: Humans; Mucositis; Neoplasms; Stomatitis
PubMed: 35219566
DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2022.151252 -
Cancer Nursing Feb 1991A staging system was developed to measure the progressive severity of chemotherapy-induced stomatitis. A panel of 15 experts from nursing, dentistry, and medicine were... (Review)
Review
A staging system was developed to measure the progressive severity of chemotherapy-induced stomatitis. A panel of 15 experts from nursing, dentistry, and medicine were interviewed to elicit the criteria they used to evaluate progressive severity. This process was used to develop an instrument to measure the observable and functional dimensions of stomatitis. After pilot testing, the instrument was refined and evaluated with 53 cancer patients. Patients receiving stomatotoxic chemotherapy, or already exhibiting oral problems secondary to chemotherapy, were tested with three measures: the new Western Consortium for Cancer Nursing Research (WCCNR) Staging System, the Oral Assessment Guide (OAG), and the World Health Organization (WHO) Mucositis Grading System. Results indicated that the three scales were moderately correlated (0.57 to 0.76), indicating they were measuring the same general construct. The mean OAG scores were significantly different by WCCNR stage, and discriminant analysis demonstrated that the staging system did differentiate between the three stages of stomatitis as measured by the other two scales. The WCCNR Staging System is unique in that it reflects expert practice, encouraging clinicians to make a holistic assessment of the mouth's condition rather than summing scores on discrete aspects of the oral condition.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Nursing Assessment; Nursing Evaluation Research; Pilot Projects; Reproducibility of Results; Severity of Illness Index; Stomatitis
PubMed: 2013054
DOI: No ID Found -
Stomatologiia 2010
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer &... Feb 2016Stomatitis is a characteristic adverse event of everolimus and other mTOR inhibitors, and occurs at a high incidence and impairs QOL owing to pain. Most cases of...
Stomatitis is a characteristic adverse event of everolimus and other mTOR inhibitors, and occurs at a high incidence and impairs QOL owing to pain. Most cases of stomatitis are mild to moderate. However, when stomatitis becomes serious, it can interfere with the continuation of medication. Therefore, it is important to place more emphasis on the prevention as well as early detection and treatment. In addition, patient education is also important. The possible occurrence of stomatitis, its signs and symptoms, as well as the importance of oral care need to be thoroughly explained prior to starting treatment. In order to smoothly carry out these measures, it will also be essential that cancer-treating physicians coordinate and collaborate with dentists, nurses, and pharmacists. It is desirable to establish appropriate prevention and management methods on the basis of the results of the Phase III prospective study, Oral Care-BC, currently ongoing in Japan.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Everolimus; Humans; Neoplasms; Pain; Pain Management; Stomatitis
PubMed: 27067683
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the Massachusetts Dental... 2007
Topics: Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Humans; Stomatitis
PubMed: 18069594
DOI: No ID Found