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Work (Reading, Mass.) 2020Metabolic syndrome is an increasing disorder, especially in night workers. Drivers are considered to work during 24 hours a day. Because of job characteristics such as... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Metabolic syndrome is an increasing disorder, especially in night workers. Drivers are considered to work during 24 hours a day. Because of job characteristics such as stress, low mobility and long working hours, they are at risk of a metabolic syndrome disorder.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study is a meta-analysis and systematic review of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers.
METHODS
In this systematic review, articles were extracted from national and international databases: Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, Mag Iran, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus. Data analysis was performed using meta-analysis and systematic review (random effect model). The calculation of heterogeneity was carried out using the I2 index and Cochran's Q test. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA software version 11.
RESULTS
A total of nine articles related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers in different regions of the world from 2008 to 2016 were obtained. The total sample size studied was 26156 with an average of 2906 samples per study. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers was 34% (95% CI: 30-37)CONCLUSIONS:According to the results of this study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers is high. Occupational stress, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity cannot be cited as causes of metabolic syndrome prevalence in drivers. Therefore, to maintain and to improve the health of this group, the implementation of preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures for these people as well as training should be considered.
Topics: Humans; Iran; Metabolic Syndrome; Occupational Stress; Prevalence
PubMed: 33325431
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-203335 -
World Neurosurgery Nov 2020Burnout syndrome (BS) is a common condition among medical professionals. It is composed of 3 different subdimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP),... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Burnout syndrome (BS) is a common condition among medical professionals. It is composed of 3 different subdimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). In the last years, interest in BS in the neurosurgical community has increased. Here we investigated burnout among neurosurgeons and residents in neurosurgery.
METHODS
A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed following PRISMA guidelines. A search of bibliographic databases was conducted from study inception to February 2020. A total of 16,377 studies were found. Six articles were included in our final analysis. Their references were checked for additional studies, but none were found.
RESULTS
From the initial 16,377 studies identified, only 6 met our inclusion criteria. These studies included a total of 3310 physicians. The general prevalence of BS was 48%. The prevalence in neurosurgeons was 51.1%, higher than that recorded in neurosurgical residents (45.4%). Regarding subdimensions, personal accomplishment seemed to be the most influential factor for burnout development among neurosurgeons (42.57%) and residents (51.56%) alike.
CONCLUSIONS
Neurosurgery is a rewarding career choice, but numerous challenges and stressors can lead to lower levels of satisfaction and dangerously increased levels of burnout. We hope that our results will generate discussion, raise awareness, stimulate further studies, and lead to programs designed to mitigate excessive stress and burnout in neurosurgeons.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Humans; Internship and Residency; Job Satisfaction; Neurosurgeons; Neurosurgery
PubMed: 32777406
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.08.005 -
Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.) Sep 2020Burnout is a psychological syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment. Due to the demands of...
Burnout is a psychological syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment. Due to the demands of treating people with psychological problems, burnout is prevalent among psychotherapists. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of 44 quantitative and qualitative studies from the past decade focusing on both the risk factors for, and effects of, burnout among psychotherapists. Factors influencing burnout include perceived job control, the nature of psychotherapists' caseload, countertransference reactions, supervisory support, and psychotherapists' mental health history. Burnout affects psychotherapists' general well-being, as well as the extent to which clients engage in and benefit from psychotherapy. Implications for psychotherapists and their supervisors for burnout prevention and intervention are discussed, and recommendations for further research in this area are identified. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Countertransference; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Health; Psychotherapists; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32463274
DOI: 10.1037/pst0000317 -
BMC Public Health May 2020Common mental disorders are frequent psychiatric comorbid conditions among people with HIV/AIDS. The presence of such psychiatric disorders negatively affects the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Common mental disorders are frequent psychiatric comorbid conditions among people with HIV/AIDS. The presence of such psychiatric disorders negatively affects the treatment adherence, viral load suppression, quality of life, treatment outcomes and functionality of people with HIV/AIDS. However, available studies in Ethiopia have a great variation and inconsistency of reported results have been observed regarding the magnitude and associated factors of common mental disorder. Thus, conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literatures can have a paramount importance to show its summarized figure.
METHODS
Literatures search was performed using databases (PubMed/Medline, Science Direct and PsycINFO. Grey literatures were also searched from Google and Google Scholar. Data were extracted from primary studies using a data extraction format prepared in Microsoft Excel and exported to STATA-version 14 statistical software for analysis. The I test was used to assess the heterogeneity of primary articles. The result of the test showed that there was heterogeneity between primary studies. This leads us to execute a random effect meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of common mental disorder with corresponding 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS
A total of 13 primary studies comply with the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review. The pooled prevalence of common mental disorder was found to be 28.83% (95% CI: 17.93, 39.73) among people with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia. The highest prevalence of common mental disorder (35.20%) was observed among studies in which Kessler-10 was used as a screening tool. Single marital status (OR = 1.83; 95%CI: 1.03, 3.27), HIV/AIDS-related stigma (OR = 2.21; 95%CI: 1.68, 2.90) and current job unavailability (OR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.88) had statistically significant association with common mental disorder.
CONCLUSION
The result of this review showed that nearly one among three individuals with HIV/AIDS is suffering from common mental disorder in Ethiopia. This calls a need to integrate the mental health and psycho-social support into the HIV/AIDS care.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO- CRD42019132402. Registered on 05/08/2019.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ethiopia; Female; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Marital Status; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Social Stigma; Unemployment
PubMed: 32410600
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08800-8 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Jul 2020To date, studies have shown a high prevalence of burnout in surgeons. Various factors have been found to be associated with burnout, and it has significant consequences...
INTRODUCTION
To date, studies have shown a high prevalence of burnout in surgeons. Various factors have been found to be associated with burnout, and it has significant consequences personally and systemically. Junior doctors are increasingly placing their own health and wellbeing as the most important factor in their decisions about training. Finding ways to reduce and prevent burnout is imperative to promote surgical specialties as attractive training pathways.
METHODS
The MEDLINE, PsychInfo and EMBASE databases were searched using the subject headings related to surgery and burnout. All full text articles that reported data related to burnout were eligible for inclusion. Articles which did not use the Maslach Burnout Inventory or included non-surgical groups were excluded; 62 articles fulfilled the criteria for inclusion.
FINDINGS
Younger age and female sex tended to be associated with higher levels of burnout. Those further in training had lower levels of burnout, while residents suffered more than their seniors. Burnout is associated with a lower personal quality of life, depression and alcohol misuse. Academic work and emotional intelligence may be protective of burnout. Certain personality types are less likely to be burnt out. Mentorship may reduce levels of burnout.
CONCLUSIONS
Workload and work environment are areas that could be looked at to reduce job demands that lead to burnout. Intervening in certain psychological factors such as emotional intelligence, resilience and mindfulness may help to reduce burnout. Promoting physical and mental health is important in alleviating burnout, and these factors likely have a complex interplay.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Emotional Intelligence; Humans; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Resilience, Psychological; Risk Factors; Surgeons; Workload; Workplace
PubMed: 32326734
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.0040 -
Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie Feb 2020Physical activity shows preventive and positive treatment effects on burnout syndromes. A systematic literature research was performed to prove possible effects on...
Physical activity shows preventive and positive treatment effects on burnout syndromes. A systematic literature research was performed to prove possible effects on burnout. Positive effects were found and the Standard Index of Convergence (SIC) showed a moderately strong evidence for both, longitudinal studies SIC (3) = -1 and interventional studies SCI (6) = -0.50, that physical activity is suited for threatening burnout syndromes.Because of widespread heterogeneity and difficulties in study comparability, further research is needed. Independent of the positive and preventive effects of physical activity, a good life balance in private and work environment as well as self-care is of fundamental importance. Therefore, a combination of multiple settings, like cognitive training, relaxation exercise, stress management and physical activity seems to be optimal for preventing burnout.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Burnout, Psychological; Exercise; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Workplace
PubMed: 32023647
DOI: 10.1055/a-1071-1905 -
Journal of General Internal Medicine Apr 2020Impostor syndrome is increasingly presented in the media and lay literature as a key behavioral health condition impairing professional performance and contributing to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Impostor syndrome is increasingly presented in the media and lay literature as a key behavioral health condition impairing professional performance and contributing to burnout. However, there is no published review of the evidence to guide the diagnosis or treatment of patients presenting with impostor syndrome.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the evidence on the prevalence, predictors, comorbidities, and treatment of impostor syndrome.
DATA SOURCES
Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO (January 1966 to May 2018) and bibliographies of retrieved articles.
STUDY SELECTION
English-language reports of evaluations of the prevalence, predictors, comorbidities, or treatment of impostor syndrome.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two independent investigators extracted data on study variables (e.g., study methodology, treatments provided); participant variables (e.g., demographics, professional setting); diagnostic tools used, outcome variables (e.g., workplace performance, reductions in comorbid conditions); and pre-defined quality variables (e.g., human subjects approval, response rates reported).
DATA SYNTHESIS
In total, 62 studies of 14,161 participants met the inclusion criteria (half were published in the past 6 years). Prevalence rates of impostor syndrome varied widely from 9 to 82% largely depending on the screening tool and cutoff used to assess symptoms and were particularly high among ethnic minority groups. Impostor syndrome was common among both men and women and across a range of age groups (adolescents to late-stage professionals). Impostor syndrome is often comorbid with depression and anxiety and is associated with impaired job performance, job satisfaction, and burnout among various employee populations including clinicians. No published studies evaluated treatments for this condition.
LIMITATIONS
Studies were heterogeneous; publication bias may be present.
CONCLUSIONS
Clinicians and employers should be mindful of the prevalence of impostor syndrome among professional populations and take steps to assess for impostor feelings and common comorbidities. Future research should include evaluations of treatments to mitigate impostor symptoms and its common comorbidities.
Topics: Adolescent; Burnout, Professional; Ethnicity; Female; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Male; Minority Groups; Prevalence
PubMed: 31848865
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-019-05364-1 -
Thorax Jan 2020Survivors of critical illness often experience poor outcomes after hospitalisation, including delayed return to work, which carries substantial economic consequences. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Survivors of critical illness often experience poor outcomes after hospitalisation, including delayed return to work, which carries substantial economic consequences.
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of return to work after critical illness.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library from 1970 to February 2018. Data were extracted, in duplicate, and random-effects meta-regression used to obtain pooled estimates.
RESULTS
Fifty-two studies evaluated return to work in 10 015 previously employed survivors of critical illness, over a median (IQR) follow-up of 12 (6.25-38.5) months. By 1-3, 12 and 42-60 months' follow-up, pooled return to work prevalence (95% CI) was 36% (23% to 49%), 60% (50% to 69%) and 68% (51% to 85%), respectively (=0.55, I=87%, p=0.03). No significant difference was observed based on diagnosis (acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) vs non-ARDS) or region (Europe vs North America vs Australia/New Zealand), but was observed when comparing mode of employment evaluation (in-person vs telephone vs mail). Following return to work, 20%-36% of survivors experienced job loss, 17%-66% occupation change and 5%-84% worsening employment status (eg, fewer work hours). Potential risk factors for delayed return to work include pre-existing comorbidities and post-hospital impairments (eg, mental health).
CONCLUSION
Approximately two-thirds, two-fifths and one-third of previously employed intensive care unit survivors are jobless up to 3, 12 and 60 months following hospital discharge. Survivors returning to work often experience job loss, occupation change or worse employment status. Interventions should be designed and evaluated to reduce the burden of this common and important problem for survivors of critical illness.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
PROSPERO CRD42018093135.
Topics: Critical Illness; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Return to Work; Risk Factors
PubMed: 31704795
DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213803 -
BMC Public Health Oct 2019Burnout is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, increased depersonalization, and a diminished sense of personal accomplishment due to chronic emotional...
BACKGROUND
Burnout is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, increased depersonalization, and a diminished sense of personal accomplishment due to chronic emotional stress at work. Burnout impacts job satisfaction, job performance, vulnerability to illnesses, and interpersonal relationships. There is a gap in the systematic data on the burden of burnout among healthcare professionals from different sectors of healthcare in Middle Eastern countries. Our objective was to examine the burden of burnout among healthcare providers in the Middle East, how it was assessed, which sectors were included, and what interventions have been used.
METHODS
Articles were found through a systematic review of search results including PubMed, Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), and PsycINFO (EBSCO) using search terms reflecting burnout in Middle Eastern countries among populations of healthcare providers. Studies were included if they examined a quantitative measure of burnout among healthcare providers in the Middle East.
RESULTS
There were 138 articles that met our inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Studies focused on burnout in the Middle East among physicians (N = 54 articles), nurses (N = 55), combined populations of healthcare workers (N = 22), and medical students (N = 7). The Maslach Burnout Inventory was the most common tool to measure burnout. Burnout is common among physicians, nurses, and other healthcare professionals, with prevalence estimates predominantly ranging between 40 and 60%. Burnout among healthcare providers in the Middle East is associated with characteristics of their work environments, exposure to violence and terror, and emotional distress and low social support.
CONCLUSIONS
Burnout is highly prevalent among healthcare providers across countries in the Middle East. Previous studies examining burnout in this region have limitations in their methodology. More thoroughly developed epidemiologic studies of burnout are necessary. Health system strengthening is needed in a region that has endured years of ongoing conflict, and there is an urgency to design and implement programs that tackle burnout among health professionals.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Health Personnel; Humans; Middle East; Prevalence
PubMed: 31640650
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7713-1 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2018Health care personnel are considered one of the worker sectors most exposed to heavier workloads and work stress. One of the consequences associated with the exposure to...
Health care personnel are considered one of the worker sectors most exposed to heavier workloads and work stress. One of the consequences associated with the exposure to chronic stress is the development of burnout syndrome. Given that evaluating this syndrome requires addressing the context in which they are to be used, the purpose of this work was to analyze the psychometric properties and structure of the Burnout Brief Questionnaire (CBB), and to propose a more suitable version for its application to health professionals, and more specifically nurses. The final study sample was made up of 1236 working nursing professionals. An exploratory factorial analysis was carried out and a new model was proposed through a confirmatory factorial analysis. Thus, validation of the CBB questionnaire for nursing health care personnel showed an adequate discrimination of the items and a high internal consistency of the scale. With respect to the factorial analysis, four factors were extracted from the revised model. Specifically, these new factors, called job dissatisfaction, social climate, personal impact, and motivational abandonment, showed an adequate index of adjustment. Thus, the Brief Burnout Questionnaire Revised for nursing staff has favorable psychometric properties, and this model can be applied to all health care professionals.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Nursing Staff, Hospital; Occupational Health; Psychometrics; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 30513836
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122718