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New Microbes and New Infections May 2017We report the main characteristics of P3515 sp. nov., P3516 sp. nov., P2481 sp. nov., P3554 sp. nov., P3089 sp. nov., P3587 sp. nov., P3532 sp. nov., P3469 sp....
Description of sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., nine halophilic new species isolated from human stool.
We report the main characteristics of P3515 sp. nov., P3516 sp. nov., P2481 sp. nov., P3554 sp. nov., P3089 sp. nov., P3587 sp. nov., P3532 sp. nov., P3469 sp. nov. and P3610 sp. nov., that were isolated in 2016 from salty stool samples (≥1.7% NaCl) from healthy Senegalese living at Dielmo and N'diop, two villages in Senegal.
PubMed: 28280541
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2017.01.010 -
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Sep 2017A halophilic cellulase-producing bacterium was isolated from a sediment sample collected from Lake Qarun (Fayoum Province, Egypt). Molecular identification based on 16S...
A halophilic cellulase-producing bacterium was isolated from a sediment sample collected from Lake Qarun (Fayoum Province, Egypt). Molecular identification based on 16S rDNA amplification and sequencing revealed 99% homology with Halobacillus sp. and hence was designated as Halobacillus sp. QLS 31. Medium composition and culture conditions were optimized for enhancing the production of cellulase enzyme using the Plackett-Burman statistical design. Ten variables were evaluated for their influence on cellulase production. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), zinc sulfate (ZnSO), and inoculum size were found to exert a significant effect on cellulase productivity by Halobacillus sp. QLS 31. The maximum specific activity of cellulase enzyme was 48.08 U/mg. Following the predicted conditions, a 7.5-fold increase in cellulase specific activity (175.47 U/mg) was achieved compared to the basal medium (23.19 U/mg) under the following optimized conditions: temperature (30 °C), fermentation time (2 days ), pH value (9), CMC concentration (1%), inoculum size (1%), yeast extract concentration (0.1%), ammonium sulfate ((NH)SO) concentration (0.1%), sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration (20%), and metal inducers: ZnSO (0.1%) and Ca/Mg ratio (0.01%). Thus, the results of this study provide an important basis for more efficient, cheap industrial cellulase production from halophilic Halobacillus sp. QLS 31.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Cellulases; Egypt; Halobacillus; Lakes; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 28236193
DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2438-z -
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Mar 2017Members of the genus Bacillus and related spore-forming genera are ubiquitous. However, Bacillus-like species isolated from marine sediments have attracted less interest...
Members of the genus Bacillus and related spore-forming genera are ubiquitous. However, Bacillus-like species isolated from marine sediments have attracted less interest than their terrestrial relatives. Here, we investigated the diversity of Bacillus-like bacterial communities in the sediments of the Bamenwan mangrove wetland in Hainan, China, using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods, and present the first report on this subject. We also discovered some potential novel species from the sediment samples. Four families, Bacillaceae (58%), Paenibacillaceae (22%), Alicyclobacillaceae (15%), and Planococcaceae (5%), and 9 genera, Bacillus (42%), Paenibacillus (16%), Halobacillus (13%), Alicyclobacillus (11%), Rummeliibacillus (5%), Cohnella (5%), Tumebacillus (4%), Pontibacillus (3%), and Aneurinibacillus (2%), were identified by pyrosequencing. In contrast, only 4 genera, Bacillus (57%), Paenibacillus (23%), Halobacillus (14%), and Virgibacillus (6%), were detected by the culture-dependent method. In the 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, the isolates HB12036 and HB12037 were closest to Bacillus okuhidensis Kh10-101 and Paenibacillus xylanilyticus XIL14 with similarities of 94.8% and 95.9%, respectively, indicating that these were novel species. Bacillus sp. HB12035 and HB12040 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Bacillus sp. HB12033 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Ustilago scitaminea Syd.
Topics: Animals; Bacillaceae; Biodiversity; China; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Geologic Sediments; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Staphylococcus aureus; Water Microbiology; Wetlands
PubMed: 28177800
DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0449 -
Journal of Basic Microbiology Feb 2017About 110 newly isolated halophilic and halotolerant bacteria were screened for protease production. A moderately halophilic strain (CJ4), isolated from Chott Eldjerid...
About 110 newly isolated halophilic and halotolerant bacteria were screened for protease production. A moderately halophilic strain (CJ4), isolated from Chott Eldjerid Hypersaline lake in Tunisia, showed the highest activity on agar plate and was then selected. The biochemical and physiological characterization of the isolate along with the 16S rRNA sequence analysis placed it in the genus Halobacillus. Protease production was maximal at 120 g/L NaCl (2 M) and it started from the post-exponential phase reaching a maximum level at the early decline phase of bacterial growth. Protease activity was optimal at 0.4 M NaCl, pH 9 and 45 °C. It showed an excellent stability over wide ranges of temperatures (30-60 °C), NaCl concentrations (0-5 M), and pH values (5-10), which make it a good candidate for industrial applications at harsh conditions. Crude protease was strongly inhibited by PMSF revealing the dominance of serine proteases. Protease activity exhibited high stability in the presence of several organic solvents and detergent additives. These findings make Halobacillus sp. CJ4 protease with a great interest for many biotechnological applications at high salt or low water content such as peptide synthesis and detergent formulation.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Detergents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme Stability; Halobacillus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lakes; Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Serine Proteases; Sodium Chloride; Solvents; Temperature; Tunisia
PubMed: 27862101
DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600391 -
Indian Journal of Microbiology Dec 2016Mangroves are unique ecosystems in the coastal tropical and subtropical regions of the Earth. The fluctuation in salinity due to tidal action results in a prolific...
Mangroves are unique ecosystems in the coastal tropical and subtropical regions of the Earth. The fluctuation in salinity due to tidal action results in a prolific population of adhered halophilic and halotolerant bacteria in this ecosystem. In this study, a pigment producing adhered bacterial strain MXM-16 was isolated from mangrove plant litter of Goa. This strain was moderately halophilic, Gram positive rod, catalase positive and capable of utilizing sodium benzoate as a source of carbon. , produced a siderophore that was hydroxamate in nature. The non-diffusible yellow pigment was a carotenoid and HPLC studies revealed a peak that was indicative of astaxanthin as one of the component. Further studies on the pigment exhibited its ability to chelate iron from the chrome azurol sulphonate medium behaving as an additional mechanism for iron acquisition.
PubMed: 27784943
DOI: 10.1007/s12088-016-0591-7 -
Genome Announcements Jun 2016Halobacillus sp. strain KGW1 is a moderately halophilic, rod shaped, Gram-positive, yellow pigmented, alkaline protease-producing bacterium isolated from a water sample...
Draft Genome Sequence of Halobacillus sp. Strain KGW1, a Moderately Halophilic and Alkaline Protease-Producing Bacterium Isolated from the Rhizospheric Region of Phragmites karka from Chilika Lake, Odisha, India.
Halobacillus sp. strain KGW1 is a moderately halophilic, rod shaped, Gram-positive, yellow pigmented, alkaline protease-producing bacterium isolated from a water sample from Chilika Lake, Odisha, India. Sequencing of bacterial DNA assembled a 3.68-Mb draft genome. The genome annotation analysis showed various gene clusters for tolerance to stress, such as elevated pH, salt concentration, and toxic metals.
PubMed: 27365341
DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00361-16 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek May 2016A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain TGS-15(T), was isolated from the sediment of a solar saltern pond located in Shinan, Korea. Strain...
A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain TGS-15(T), was isolated from the sediment of a solar saltern pond located in Shinan, Korea. Strain TGS-15(T) was found to be a strictly aerobic, non-motile rod which can grow at pH 6.0-10.0 (optimum, pH 9.0), at 20-35 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and at salinities of 1-20 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 9 % NaCl). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain TGS-15(T) belongs to the genus Halobacillus, with sequence similarity of 98.5-96.0 % to known type strains, showing high sequence similarity to Halobacillus locisalis MSS-155(T) (98.5 %), Halobacillus faecis IGA7-4(T) (98.2 %) and Halobacillus alkaliphilus FP5(T) (98.0 %), and less than 98.0 % sequence similarity to other currently recognised type strains of the genus. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified glycolipid and an unidentified lipid. The cell wall peptidoglycan was found to be based on L-Orn-D-Asp, the predominant isoprenoid quinone was identified as menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and the major fatty acids were identified as anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0 and C16:1 ω7c alcohol. The DNA G+C content of this novel isolate was determined to be 45.3 mol %. Levels of DNA:DNA relatedness between strain TGS-15(T) and the type strains of 13 other species of the genus ranged from 52 to 9 %. On the basis of the polyphasic analysis conducted in this study, strain TGS-15(T) is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Halobacillus, for which the name Halobacillus salicampi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TGS-15(T) (=KACC 18264(T) = NBRC 110640(T)).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Geologic Sediments; Halobacillus; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Ponds; Republic of Korea; Salinity; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 26942918
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-016-0672-y -
Acta Biochimica Polonica 2016Historic buildings are constantly being exposed to numerous climatic changes such as damp and rainwater. Water migration into and out of the material's pores can lead to...
Historic buildings are constantly being exposed to numerous climatic changes such as damp and rainwater. Water migration into and out of the material's pores can lead to salt precipitation and the so-called efflorescence. The structure of the material may be seriously threatened by salt crystallization. A huge pressure is produced when salt hydrates occupy larger spaces, which leads at the end to cracking, detachment and material loss. Halophilic microorganisms have the ability to adapt to high salinity because of the mechanisms of inorganic salt (KCl or NaCl) accumulation in their cells at concentrations isotonic to the environment, or compatible solutes uptake or synthesis. In this study, we focused our attention on the determination of optimal growth conditions of halophilic microorganisms isolated from historical buildings in terms of salinity, pH and temperature ranges, as well as biochemical properties and antagonistic abilities. Halophilic microorganisms studied in this paper could be categorized as a halotolerant group, as they grow in the absence of NaCl, as well as tolerate higher salt concentrations (Staphylococcus succinus, Virgibacillus halodenitrificans). Halophilic microorganisms have been also observed (Halobacillus styriensis, H. hunanensis, H. naozhouensis, H. litoralis, Marinococcus halophilus and yeast Sterigmatomyces halophilus). With respect to their physiological characteristics, cultivation at a temperature of 25-30°C, pH 6-7, NaCl concentration for halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms, 0-10% and 15-30%, respectively, provides the most convenient conditions. Halophiles described in this study displayed lipolytic, glycolytic and proteolytic activities. Staphylococcus succinus and Marinococcus halophilus showed strong antagonistic potential towards bacteria from the Bacillus genus, while Halobacillus litoralis displayed an inhibiting ability against other halophiles.
Topics: Antibiosis; Bacillus; Construction Materials; Environmental Microbiology; Halobacteriales; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 26894235
DOI: 10.18388/abp.2015_1171 -
Journal of Biotechnology Mar 2016Bacillus subtilis is commonly used as a host for heterologous protein production via plasmid-based expression system. In order to improve product safety, avoid carbon...
Bacillus subtilis is commonly used as a host for heterologous protein production via plasmid-based expression system. In order to improve product safety, avoid carbon catabolite repression and lower production cost, a novel salt-inducible vector, pSaltExSePR5, was developed based on a natural plasmid of Lactobacillus plantarum BCC9546. Salt-inducible promoter opuAA and a DNA fragment encoding a signal peptide of subtilisin E (SubE) were sequentially added to the core shuttle vector to facilitate expression and secretion of a target protein in B. subtilis. To evaluate the effectiveness of this system under salt induction, a protease gene from Halobacillus sp. without its native signal sequence was inserted in the pSaltExSePR5 plasmid downstream of SubE signal sequence and transformed into B. subtilis WB800. Protease activities from cell-free supernatants of the recombinant bacteria cultures induced with 0.5-6% NaCl were analyzed. The highest protease activity of 9.1 U/ml was obtained after induction with 4% NaCl, while the non-induced culture exhibited activity of 0.128 U/ml. The results demonstrated that pSaltExSePR5 provides an alternative vector for efficient and simple production of heterologous proteins in B. subtilis with a safer and more economic inducer.
Topics: Bacillus subtilis; Betaine; Gene Expression; Genetic Vectors; Plasmids; Recombinant Proteins; Sodium Chloride
PubMed: 26880537
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.02.019 -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology May 2016The microbial communities of plant ecosystems are in relation to plant growing environment, but the alteration in biodiversity of rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbial...
The microbial communities of plant ecosystems are in relation to plant growing environment, but the alteration in biodiversity of rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbial communities in closed and controlled environments is unknown. The purpose of this study is to analyze the change regularity of microbial communities with wheat plants dependent-cultivated in a closed artificial ecosystem. The microbial community structures in closed-environment treatment plants were investigated by a culture-dependent approach, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing. The results indicated that the number of microbes decreased along with time, and the magnitude of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were 10(7)-10(8), 10(5), and 10(3)-10(4) CFU/g (dry weight), respectively. The analysis of PCR-DGGE and Illumina Miseq revealed that the wheat leaf surface and near-root substrate had different microbial communities at different periods of wheat ecosystem development and showed that the relative highest diversity of microbial communities appeared at late and middle periods of the plant ecosystem, respectively. The results also indicated that the wheat leaf and substrate had different microbial community compositions, and the wheat substrate had higher richness of microbial community than the leaf. Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, Enterobacter, Penicillium, Rhodotorula, Acremonium, and Alternaria were dominant in the wheat leaf samples, and Pedobacter, Flavobacterium, Halomonas, Marinobacter, Salinimicrobium, Lysobacter, Pseudomonas, Halobacillus, Xanthomonas, Acremonium, Monographella, and Penicillium were dominant populations in the wheat near-root substrate samples.
Topics: Bacteria; Biota; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; Ecosystem; Fungi; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Triticum
PubMed: 26841890
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7317-y