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Bioengineered Feb 2022This study investigated the inhibitory activity of S61 and its active extract on potato dry rot pathogens and aimed at contributing to biocontrol agent development...
This study investigated the inhibitory activity of S61 and its active extract on potato dry rot pathogens and aimed at contributing to biocontrol agent development during potato storage. Three kinds of pathogens were isolated as target pathogenic fungi from dry rot tubers and determined as (Qing 9A-2), (Qing 9A-5-8) and (Qing 9A-1-1) by morphological and molecular identification. The strain S61 and its extract exhibited a higher inhibitory rate on both three pathogens (56.32-65.75 and 1.67-51.11%), notably the best suppression efficiency is presented in S61 and 40 mg/mL ethyl acetate extract. In terms of in vivo effects, both S61 and its ethyl acetate extract effectively reduced the decayed fruit and weight loss rate (0-20% and 7.59-16.56%) and enhanced the defensive enzymatic activities to improve resistance. In addition, strain S61 could be colonized on potato tubers, especially the highest amount of 1.55 × 10 CFU/mL on fifth day for variety Xiazhai 65. Overall, S61 and its ethyl acetate extract could be considered as potential approach for biocontrol potato dry rot.
Topics: Fungi; Halobacillus; Solanum tuberosum
PubMed: 35164641
DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2024375 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021Commercial table salt is a condiment with food preservative properties by decreasing water activity and increasing osmotic pressure. Salt is also a source of halophilic...
Commercial table salt is a condiment with food preservative properties by decreasing water activity and increasing osmotic pressure. Salt is also a source of halophilic bacteria and archaea. In the present research, the diversity of halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms was studied in six commercial table salts by culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. Three table salts were obtained from marine origins: Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean (Ibiza Island), and Odiel marshes (supermarket marine salt). Other salts supplemented with mineral and nutritional ingredients were also used: Himalayan pink, Hawaiian black, and one with dried vegetables known as Viking salt. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveal that the salts from marine origins display a similar archaeal taxonomy, but with significant variations among genera. Archaeal taxa , , , , , , , and were prevalent in those three marine salts. Furthermore, the most abundant archaeal genera present in all salts were , , , , , , and uncultured . sp. was the most frequent bacteria, represented almost in all salts. Other genera such as , , and were the most frequent taxa in the Viking, Himalayan pink, and black salts, respectively. Interestingly, the genus was detected only in marine-originated salts. A collection of 76 halotolerant and halophilic bacterial and haloarchaeal species was set by culturing on different media with a broad range of salinity and nutrient composition. Comparing the results of 16S rRNA gene metataxonomic and culturomics revealed that culturable bacteria , , , , , , , , , , , , , and also Archaea , , and were identified at least in one sample by both methods. Our results show that salts from marine origins are dominated by Archaea, whereas salts from other sources or salt supplemented with ingredients are dominated by bacteria.
PubMed: 34777272
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.714110 -
Polish Journal of Microbiology 2015A combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches was employed to identify the bacterial diversity of Çamalti solar saltern in Turkey. The bacterial...
A combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches was employed to identify the bacterial diversity of Çamalti solar saltern in Turkey. The bacterial communities of Çamalti Saltern were analyzed by molecular techniques that included denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rRNA gene fragments PCR amplified from DNA extracted from the water samples of the saltern and 16S rRNA gene library analysis. A total of 42 isolates were identified at the genus/species level and 17 of them were found to belong to the Bacteria domain. All bacterial isolates were phylogenetically related to Halobacillus, Virgibacillus and Halomonas genus. A total of 50 clones from 16S rRNA gene library were analyzed by ARDRA. 16S rRNA sequence analysisof these clones revealed that most (85%) of the bacterial clones were related to Salinibacter genus members of the Bacteroidetes. The sequences of DGGE bands were related to the uncultured Salinibacter, uncultured halophilic bacterium and Halomonas sp. This work highlights the halophilic bacterial diversity of Çamalti marine solar saltern.
Topics: Biodiversity; Chemical Industry; DNA Fingerprinting; DNA, Bacterial; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; Halobacteriaceae; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Phylogeny; Sodium Chloride; Turkey
PubMed: 26094314
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2017, a moderately halophilic bacterium, accumulates a variety of compatible solutes including glycine betaine, glutamate, glutamine, proline, and ectoine to cope with...
, a moderately halophilic bacterium, accumulates a variety of compatible solutes including glycine betaine, glutamate, glutamine, proline, and ectoine to cope with osmotic stress. Non-targeted analysis of intracellular organic compounds using H-NMR showed that a large amount of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (Hyp), which has not been reported as a compatible solute in , was accumulated in response to high NaCl salinity, suggesting that Hyp may be an important compatible solute in . Candidate genes encoding proline 4-hydroxylase (PH-4), which hydroxylates L-proline to generate Hyp, were retrieved from the genome of through domain searches based on the sequences of known PH-4 proteins. A gene, HBHAL_RS11735, which was annotated as a multidrug DMT transporter permease in GenBank, was identified as the PH-4 gene through protein expression analysis in . The PH-4 gene constituted a transcriptional unit with a promoter and a rho-independent terminator, and it was distantly located from the proline biosynthetic gene cluster ( operon). Transcriptional analysis showed that PH-4 gene expression was NaCl concentration-dependent, and was specifically induced by chloride anion, similar to the operon. Accumulation of intracellular Hyp was also observed in other bacteria, suggesting that Hyp may be a widespread compatible solute in halophilic and halotolerant bacteria.
PubMed: 29104571
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02054 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Nov 2023We present the whole-genome sequence of Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC) 21980, isolated from China by Chen et al.. The genome of KACC 21980 comprises a...
We present the whole-genome sequence of Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC) 21980, isolated from China by Chen et al.. The genome of KACC 21980 comprises a circular chromosome (4.2 Mb) and one plasmid (17 kb). It includes a total of 4,168 predicted coding genes.
PubMed: 37874147
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00570-23 -
Journal of Health & Pollution Sep 2018Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental contaminants which are highly toxic due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. They are released...
BACKGROUND
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental contaminants which are highly toxic due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. They are released into the environment by incomplete combustion of solid and liquid fuels, accidental spillage of oils and seepage from industrial activities. One of the promising processes mitigating PAHs is through biodegradation. However, conventional microbiological treatment processes do not function well at high salt concentrations. Hence, utilization of halophilic bacteria should be considered.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to assess the ability of halophilic bacteria isolated from local salt beds in Pangasinan and Cavite, the Philippines, to degrade PAHs pyrene, fluorene and fluoranthene.
METHODS
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-tolerant halophilic bacteria collected from two sampling sites were phenotypically characterized, molecularly identified and tested to determine their potential to degrade the PAHs pyrene, fluorene and fluoranthene at a hypersaline condition. Best PAH degraders were then assayed to identify the optimal degradation using such parameters as pH, temperature and PAH concentration. Testing for enzyme degradation was also done to determine their baseline information. Extraction and analysis of degraded PAHs were performed using centrifugation and UV-vis spectrophotometry.
RESULTS
Twelve isolates from both collection sites tolerated and grew in culture with selected PAHs. These were identified into four genera (Halobacillus, Halomonas, Chromohalobacter, and Pontibacillus). Selected best isolates in a series of biodegradation assays with the above-mentioned parameters were Halobacillus B (Collection of Microbial Strains (CMS) 1802) (=trueperi) (Gram-positive) for pyrene and fluoranthene, and Halomonas A (CMS 1901) (Gram-negative) for fluorene. Degrader biomass and PAH degradation were invariably negatively correlated. Qualitative tests with and without peptone as a nitrogen source implied enzymatic degradation.
DISCUSSION
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons utilized by these halophilic bacteria served as a sole source of carbon and energy. Implications of biodegradation of the two best isolates show that high molecular weight (HMW) (4-ring) pyrene tends to be degraded better by Gram-positive bacteria and low molecular weight (3-ring) fluorene by Gram-negative degraders.
CONCLUSIONS
Halophilic bacteria constitute an untapped natural resource for biotechnology in the Philippines. The present study demonstrated their potential use in bioremediation of recalcitrant hydrocarbons in the environment.
COMPETING INTERESTS
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
PubMed: 30524874
DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-8.19.180915 -
Research in Microbiology 2010Extremophilic prokaryotes inhabit ecosystems that are, from a human perspective, extreme, and life in these environments requires far-reaching cellular adaptations.... (Review)
Review
Extremophilic prokaryotes inhabit ecosystems that are, from a human perspective, extreme, and life in these environments requires far-reaching cellular adaptations. Here, we will describe, for two examples (Thermus thermophilus, Halobacillus halophilus), how thermophilic or halophilic bacteria adapt to their environment; we will describe the molecular basis of sensing and responding to hypersalinity and we will analyze the impact and basis of natural competence for survival in hot environments.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Environmental Microbiology; Halobacteriaceae; Halobacteriales; Hot Temperature; Salt Tolerance; Thermus thermophilus
PubMed: 20594981
DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2010.05.006 -
Journal, Genetic Engineering &... May 2023Hydrolytic enzymes from halophilic microorganisms have a wide range of industrial applications. Herein, we report the isolation of Halobacillus sp. HAL1, a moderately...
Optimization, partial purification, and characterization of a novel high molecular weight alkaline protease produced by Halobacillus sp. HAL1 using fish wastes as a substrate.
BACKGROUND
Hydrolytic enzymes from halophilic microorganisms have a wide range of industrial applications. Herein, we report the isolation of Halobacillus sp. HAL1, a moderately halophilic bacterium that produces a novel high molecular weight extracellular alkaline protease when grown in fish processing wastes as a substrate.
RESULTS
Results showed that the isolated strain belonged to the genus Halobacillus, and it was designated as Halobacillus sp. HAL1 with the GenBank accession number OK001470. The strain secreted an extracellular alkaline protease, and the highest yield was obtained when it was grown in a medium with fish wastes substrate as the sole nutritional source (10 g/L) and incubated at 25 °C under shaking conditions. The enzyme was partially purified by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Zymographic analysis showed two casein degrading bands of about 190 and 250 KDa. The optimum enzyme activity was at a temperature of 50 °C at pH 8. The proteolytic activity was enhanced in the presence of metal ions (Ca, Mg, and Mn), surfactants (Tween 80, SDS, and Triton-X100), HO, and EDTA.
CONCLUSION
Our study indicates that Haobacillus sp. HAL1 is a moderately halophilic strain and secrets a novel high molecular wight alkaline protease that is suitable for detergent formulation.
PubMed: 37121925
DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00509-6 -
New Microbes and New Infections Sep 2020Strain Marseille-Q1234 is a new species from the genus that was isolated in 2019 from a stool sample in a healthy Malian child <5 years old. Cells are Gram-positive and...
Strain Marseille-Q1234 is a new species from the genus that was isolated in 2019 from a stool sample in a healthy Malian child <5 years old. Cells are Gram-positive and strictly halophilic bacilli. Strain Marseille-Q1234 exhibits 98.46% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain JSM 071068 (NR_116505.1), the phylogenetically closely related species with standing in nomenclature. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, OrthoANI values and results of the biochemical tests, the new species is named sp. nov., for which strain Marseille-Q1234 (= CSURQ1234) is proposed as the type strain.
PubMed: 32793353
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100708 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2013The capability of osmoadaptation is a prerequisite of organisms that live in an environment with changing salinities. Halobacillus halophilus is a moderately halophilic... (Review)
Review
The capability of osmoadaptation is a prerequisite of organisms that live in an environment with changing salinities. Halobacillus halophilus is a moderately halophilic bacterium that grows between 0.4 and 3 M NaCl by accumulating both chloride and compatible solutes as osmolytes. Chloride is absolutely essential for growth and, moreover, was shown to modulate gene expression and activity of enzymes involved in osmoadaptation. The synthesis of different compatible solutes is strictly salinity- and growth phase-dependent. This unique hybrid strategy of H. halophilus will be reviewed here taking into account the recently published genome sequence. Based on identified genes we will speculate about possible scenarios of the synthesis of compatible solutes and the uptake of potassium ion which would complete our knowledge of the fine-tuned osmoregulation and intracellular osmolyte balance in H. halophilus.
PubMed: 25371341
DOI: 10.3390/life3010234