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Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma... Feb 2024The objective of this study is to determine whether the deep tissues are inoculated during surgery with the Cutibacterium acnes still present in the skin after the...
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this study is to determine whether the deep tissues are inoculated during surgery with the Cutibacterium acnes still present in the skin after the surgical preparation in reverse shoulder arthroplasties.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Prospective study including patients undergoing surgery with reverse shoulder arthroplasty. All the patients received preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with cefazolin (2 g IV) and the skin was prepared with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol. From all the patients, 9 cultures were obtained after the antibiotic was administrated and the skin surgically prepared. The cultures were sent to isolate C. acnes. DNA was extracted from the C. acnes isolated colonies. Isolate nucleotide distances were calculated using the Genome-based distance matrix calculator from the Enveomics collection toolbox.
RESULTS
The study included 90 patients. C. acnes was isolated in 24 patients (26.6%) with a total of 61 positive cultures. There were 12 phylotype II, 27 IB and 22 IA. In 9 patients, C. acnes was present in both skin and deep tissues, and they constituted the sample to be studied by means of genomic analysis. In 7 out of the 9 patients, deep tissue samples clustered closer to at least one of its corresponding skin isolates when compared to the other independent bacterial ones.
CONCLUSIONS
The C. acnes present in the skin at the beginning of the surgery are the same as those found in the deep tissues at the end of the surgery. This result strengthens the possibility that the C. acnes is delivered from the skin to the deep tissues.
Topics: Humans; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder; Shoulder Joint; Prospective Studies; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Skin; Propionibacterium acnes; Shoulder
PubMed: 37994944
DOI: 10.1007/s00402-023-05125-0 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Nov 2023A floc-forming bacterial strain, designated HF-7, was isolated from the activated sludge of an industrial wastewater treatment plant in Hefei, PR China. Cells of this...
A floc-forming bacterial strain, designated HF-7, was isolated from the activated sludge of an industrial wastewater treatment plant in Hefei, PR China. Cells of this strain were Gram-stain-positive, catalase- and oxidase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and rod-shaped. Growth occurred at 20-42 °C (optimum, 28 °C), at pH 5.5-10.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and with 0-8.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1 %). The major fatty acid was anteiso-C. The polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol. The DNA G+C content was 67 mol% from whole genomic sequence analysis. Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this strain should be assigned to the genus and is closely related to CAU 1319 (95.87 % similarity), IPBSL-7 (95.19 %) and Ben 106 (94.63 %) but separated from them by large distances in different phylogenetic trees. Based on whole genome analysis, the orthologous average nucleotide identity and DNA-DNA hybridization values against two of the closest relatives were 75.21-76.50 % and 14.2-24.4 %, respectively. The phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data demonstrated that strain HF-7 could be distinguished from its phylogenetically related species and represents a novel species within the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HF-7 (=KCTC 49959=CCTCC AB 2023019).
Topics: Fatty Acids; Sewage; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; DNA, Bacterial; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Base Composition; Bacterial Typing Techniques; China; Propionibacteriaceae; Phospholipids
PubMed: 37990978
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006113 -
American Journal of Physiology.... Feb 2024The growing incidence of human diseases involving inflammation and increased gut permeability makes the quest for protective functional foods more crucial than ever. ()...
The growing incidence of human diseases involving inflammation and increased gut permeability makes the quest for protective functional foods more crucial than ever. () is a beneficial bacterium used in the dairy and probiotic industries. Selected strains exert anti-inflammatory effects, and the present work addresses whether the CIRM-BIA129, consumed daily in a preventive way, could protect mice from acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and more precisely, whether it could protect from intestinal epithelial breakdown induced by inflammation. CIRM-BIA129 mitigated colitis severity and inhibited DSS-induced permeability. It limited crypt length reduction and promoted the expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), without reducing interleukin-1β mRNA () expression. In vitro, CIRM-BIA129 prevented the disruption of a Caco-2 monolayer induced by proinflammatory cytokines. It increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and inhibited permeability induced by inflammation, along with an increased ZO-1 expression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from CIRM-BIA129, carrying the surface layer protein (SlpB), reproduced the protective effect of CIRM-BIA129. A mutant strain deleted for (ΔslpB), or EVs from this mutant strain, had lost their protective effects and worsened both DSS-induced colitis and inflammation in vivo. These results shown that CIRM-BIA129 daily consumption has the potential to greatly alleviate colitis symptoms and, particularly, to counter intestinal epithelial permeability induced by inflammation by restoring ZO-1 expression through mechanisms involving S-layer protein B. They open new avenues for the use of probiotic dairy propionibacteria and/or postbiotic fractions thereof, in the context of gut permeability. reduces dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced intestinal permeability in vivo does not inhibit inflammation but damages linked to inflammation. inhibits intestinal epithelial breakdown through S-layer protein B. The protective effects of depend on S-layer protein B. Extracellular vesicles from CB 129 mimic the protective effect of the probiotic.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Propionibacterium freudenreichii; Caco-2 Cells; Dextrans; Colitis; Inflammation; Dextran Sulfate; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Intestinal Mucosa; Disease Models, Animal; Receptors, Fc; Sulfates
PubMed: 37988603
DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00198.2023 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023is a protozoan parasite and one of the leading causes of gastroenteritis in the world, primarily affecting very young children and immunocompromised patients. While...
is a protozoan parasite and one of the leading causes of gastroenteritis in the world, primarily affecting very young children and immunocompromised patients. While infection is usually self-limiting, it can become chronic and even lethal in these vulnerable populations, in whom treatments are generally ineffective, due to their acting in concert with a functioning immune system. Here, we describe a case of chronic cryptosporidiosis in a European child with severe CD40L immunodeficiency infected with of the IIa20G1 subgenotype, a lineage which has thus far only ever been described in the Middle East. After years of on-off treatment with conventional and non-conventional anti-parasitic drugs failed to clear parasitosis, we performed targeted metagenomics to observe the bacterial composition of the patient's gut microbiota (GM), and to evaluate fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a potential treatment option. We found that infection led to significant shifts in GM bacterial composition in our patient, with consequent shifts in predicted intestinal functional signatures consistent with a state of persistent inflammation. This, combined with the patient's poor prognosis and increasing parasitic burden despite many rounds of anti-parasitic drug treatments, made the patient a potential candidate for an experimental FMT procedure. Unfortunately, given the many comorbidities that were precipitated by the patient's immunodeficiency and chronic infection, FMT was postponed in favor of more urgently necessary liver and bone marrow transplants. Tragically, after the first liver transplant failed, the patient lost his life before undergoing FMT and a second liver transplant. With this case report, we present the first description of how cryptosporidiosis can shape the gut microbiota of a pediatric patient with severe immunodeficiency. Finally, we discuss how both our results and the current scientific literature suggest that GM modulations, either by probiotics or FMT, can become novel treatment options for chronic infection and its consequent complications, especially in those patients who do not respond to the currently available anti-parasitic therapies.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Child; Child, Preschool; Cryptosporidiosis; CD40 Ligand; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Cryptosporidium; Intestines; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Parasites; Cryptosporidium parvum; Bacteria; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 37965266
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1281440 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023Recent studies have shown that the health benefits of probiotics are not limited to those offered by living bacteria. It was reported that both live and killed cells of...
Recent studies have shown that the health benefits of probiotics are not limited to those offered by living bacteria. It was reported that both live and killed cells of Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 (MJ2) isolated from raw milk showed antiobesity activity in 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet-induced obese mice. This study was aimed at identifying the active component(s) responsible for the antiadipogenic activity of MJ2. Cell wall, surface protein, and cytoplasmic fractions of MJ2 were investigated for their inhibitory effects on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Adipocytes treated with the surface protein fraction showed significantly lower lipid accumulation. Using the MASCOT algorithm following LC-MS/MS analysis, 131 surface proteins were identified and they were principally classified into three categories (network clusters related to ribosomes, carbon metabolism, and chaperones). Among them, chaperonin 60 (Cpn60) was selected as a potential candidate protein. Cpn60 inhibited lipid accumulation and adipogenesis during the early period of differentiation (days 0-2) and decreased expression of genes related to adipogenesis (Pparg and Cebpa) and lipogenesis (Fas and Scd1). The expression of Gata2/3, which suppresses adipogenesis, significantly increased in Cpn60-treated cells. Moreover, the nuclear translocation of C/EBPβ was inhibited by Cpn60 treatment. In conclusion, Cpn60, a surface protein in MJ2, shows antiadipogenic activity by reducing the expression of C/EBPβ through the upregulation of Gata2/3 expression followed by downregulation of Pparg and Cebpa expression.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Adipogenesis; PPAR gamma; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; Chaperonin 60; Propionibacterium freudenreichii; Obesity; Chromatography, Liquid; Plant Extracts; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Cell Differentiation; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; Triglycerides; Membrane Proteins; 3T3-L1 Cells
PubMed: 37935755
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46436-x -
Journal of Innate Immunity 2023CircRNAs are closely related to many human diseases; however, their role in acne remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of hsa_circ_0102678 in...
YTHDC1-Modified m6A Methylation of Hsa_circ_0102678 Promotes Keratinocyte Inflammation Induced by Cutibacterium acnes Biofilm through Regulating miR-146a/TRAF6 and IRAK1 Axis.
INTRODUCTION
CircRNAs are closely related to many human diseases; however, their role in acne remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of hsa_circ_0102678 in regulating inflammation of acne.
METHODS
First, microarray analysis was performed to study the expression of circRNAs in acne. Subsequently, RNase R digestion assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization assay were utilized to confirm the characteristics of hsa_circ_0102678. Finally, qRT-PCR, Western blotting analysis, immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay, circRNA probe pull-down assay, biotin-labeled miRNA pull-down assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, and m6A dot blot assay were utilized to reveal the functional roles of hsa_circ_0102678 on inflammation induced by C. acnes biofilm in human primary keratinocytes.
RESULTS
Our investigations showed that the expression of hsa_circ_0102678 was significantly decreased in acne tissues, and hsa_circ_0102678 was a type of circRNAs, which was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of primary human keratinocytes. Moreover, hsa_circ_0102678 remarkably affected the expression of IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-α, which induced by C. acnes biofilm. Importantly, mechanistic studies indicated that the YTHDC1 could bind directly to hsa_circ_0102678 and promote the export of N6-methyladenosine-modified hsa_circ_0102678 to the cytoplasm. Besides, hsa_circ_0102678 could bind to miR-146a and sponge miR-146a to promote the expression of IRAK1 and TRAF6.
CONCLUSION
Our findings revealed a previously unknown process by which hsa_circ_0102678 promoted keratinocyte inflammation induced by C. acnes biofilm via regulating miR-146a/TRAF6 and IRAK1 axis.
Topics: Humans; Propionibacteriaceae; Acne Vulgaris; Cells, Cultured; Keratinocytes; RNA, Circular; Down-Regulation; Inflammation; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Biological Transport, Active; RNA Splicing Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins
PubMed: 37903473
DOI: 10.1159/000534704 -
Experimental Dermatology Jan 2024
Treatment of acne patients with isotretinoin increases β-diversity of a putative health-associated strain of Cutibacterium acnes within the follicular microbiome of responders.
Topics: Humans; Isotretinoin; Acne Vulgaris; Skin; Propionibacterium acnes; Microbiota
PubMed: 37891715
DOI: 10.1111/exd.14967 -
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related... Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Anaerobiosis; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 37882098
DOI: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000002897 -
Current Drug Targets 2023Viaminate, a vitamin A acid drug developed in China, has been clinically used in acne treatment to regulate epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation, inhibit...
BACKGROUND
Viaminate, a vitamin A acid drug developed in China, has been clinically used in acne treatment to regulate epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation, inhibit keratinization, reduce sebum secretion, and control immunological and anti-inflammatory actions; however, the exact method by which it works is unknown.
METHODS
In the present study, acne was induced in the ears of rats using acnes combined with sebum application.
RESULTS
After 30 days of treatment with viaminate, the symptoms of epidermal thickening and keratin overproduction in the ears of rats were significantly improved. Transcriptomic analysis of rat skin tissues suggested that viaminate significantly regulated the biological pathways of cellular keratinization. Gene differential analysis revealed that the S100A8 and S100A9 genes were significantly downregulated after viaminate treatment. The results of qPCR and Western blotting confirmed that viaminate inhibited the expression of S100A8 and S100A9 genes and proteins in rat and HaCat cell acne models, while its downstream pathway MAPK (MAPK p38/JNK/ERK1/2) protein expression levels were suppressed. Additional administration of the S100A8 and S100A9 complex protein significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of viaminate on abnormal proliferation and keratinization levels in acne cell models.
CONCLUSION
In summary, viaminate can improve acne by modulating S100A8 and S100A9 to inhibit MAPK pathway activation and inhibit keratinocyte proliferation and keratinization levels.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Humans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; HaCaT Cells; Propionibacterium acnes; Calgranulin B; Tretinoin; Acne Vulgaris; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 37861037
DOI: 10.2174/0113894501243867230928115205 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Dec 2023The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) employing different, lower 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dosages on the...
PURPOSE
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) employing different, lower 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dosages on the proliferative activity of Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes).
METHODS
In this in vitro bacterial experiment, we examined the effects of PDT using different doses of ALA (0.05 mmol/L; 0.1 mmol/L; 0.5 mmol/L; 1.0 mmol/L; 2.5 mmol/L). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we assessed colony-forming units (CFUs), bacterial staining for live/dead, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression of oxidative stress markers following treatment with different doses of ALA-PDT.
RESULTS
Our findings demonstrate that CFU, bacterial staining for live/dead, as well as the activity and gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), all exhibited significant increases when the ALA concentration was 0.1/0.5 mmol/L. However, both CFU and cell growth of C. acnes decreased when the ALA concentration reached 1.0 mmol/L.
CONCLUSION
Lower concentration of ALA-PDT (0.1/0.5 mmol/L) appears to promote the growth of C.acnes while higher doses (1.0 /2.5 mmol/L) are associated with eradication. The procedure is possibly mediated by the activation of antioxidant-related genes and enzyme expression in cells.
Topics: Photosensitizing Agents; Photochemotherapy; Antioxidants; Aminolevulinic Acid; Oxidative Stress; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 37858910
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103854