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BMC Research Notes Jul 2024Cognitive reappraisal (CR), as an adaptive emotion regulation strategy, may play a role in transforming affect in a positive direction during or after exercise, thereby...
OBJECTIVE
Cognitive reappraisal (CR), as an adaptive emotion regulation strategy, may play a role in transforming affect in a positive direction during or after exercise, thereby supporting physical activity (PA) adherence. The present study aimed to test the associations among PA, CR frequency, and affective response to PA, and further to examine the role of CR on PA behavior through affective response.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 105 adults, 74 of whom were women, with a mean age of 25.91. Self-report scales were used to measure PA, CR, and affective response to PA. Along with scales, demographic questions on age, sex, and education level were included. Data was collected via an online questionnaire.
RESULTS
The frequency of CR use was positively associated with affective response, and affective response with PA behavior. Mediation analysis revealed that affective response mediated the relationship between CR and PA.
DISCUSSION
Results were in the expected direction demonstrating the mediating role of affective response between CR and PA which implies that PA adherence might be facilitated by CR engagement. PA intervention programs should consider implementing CR ability and use frequency improving techniques.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Exercise; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cognition; Affect; Young Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Self Report; Middle Aged; Emotional Regulation; Health Behavior
PubMed: 38956656
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06843-3 -
Journal of Eating Disorders Jul 2024Plasma lipid concentrations in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) seem to be altered.
BACKGROUND
Plasma lipid concentrations in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) seem to be altered.
METHODS
We conducted a naturalistic study with 75 adult female patients with AN and 26 healthy female controls (HC). We measured plasma lipid profile, sex hormones and used self-report questionnaires at admission and discharge.
RESULTS
Total cholesterol (median (IQR): 4.9 (1.2)) and triglycerides (TG) (1.2 (0.8)) were elevated in AN at admission (BMI 15.3 (3.4)) compared with HC (4.3 (0.7), p = 0.003 and 0.9 (0.3), p = 0.006) and remained elevated at discharge (BMI 18.9 (2.9)) after weight restoration treatment. Estradiol (0.05 (0.1)) and testosterone (0.5 (0.7)) were lower in AN compared with HC (0.3 (0.3), p = < 0.001 and 0.8 (0.5), p = 0.03) and remained low at discharge. There was no change in eating disorder symptoms. Depression symptoms decreased (33 (17) to 30.5 (19), (p = 0.007)). Regression analyses showed that illness duration was a predictor of TG, age was a predictor of total cholesterol and LDL, while educational attainment predicted LDL and TG.
CONCLUSION
Lipid concentrations remained elevated following weight restoration treatment, suggesting an underlying, premorbid dysregulation in the lipid metabolism in AN that persists following weight restoration. Elevated lipid concentrations may be present prior to illness onset in AN.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
PubMed: 38956654
DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-01055-3 -
BMC Cancer Jul 2024Developing cancer in young adulthood is a non-normative life event and associated with adverse physical, social and psychological consequences. High psychological... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Peer2Me - evaluation of a peer supported program for adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients: study protocol of a randomised trial using a comprehensive cohort design.
BACKGROUND
Developing cancer in young adulthood is a non-normative life event and associated with adverse physical, social and psychological consequences. High psychological distress is common in AYA cancer patients including anxiety, depression or fear of recurrence. At the same time, it is well known that AYA often report unmet needs for support, particularly in terms of informational exchange and emotional support from peers in order to benefit from shared experiences and enhance self-efficacy. Especially in the AYA group, interactions with other same-aged cancer patients may represent an essential resource in terms of coping with the disease, as family members and friends are often overwhelmed and struggling with helplessness. Currently, there is a lack of professional support services using peer support (e.g. psycho-oncological support, aftercare consultations, social legal counselling) or evaluated peer support interventions in Germany. Our aim is to assess the effectiveness of the Peer2Me intervention for AYAs, in which acute patients (mentees) are accompanied by an AYA survivor (mentor) over a period of three months.
METHODS
A prospective Comprehensive Cohort Design with repeated measures will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of Peer2Me for AYA. A sample of 180 patients in active cancer treatment aged 18 to 39 years will be enrolled and randomized to the intervention or control condition (a single AYA-specific consultation). Following mentor training, mentees and mentors are matched by diagnosis, age, and gender. The primary outcome is self-efficacy; secondary outcomes include measures of anxiety, depression, health literacy, life satisfaction and social support life. Outcomes will be measured at baseline before the intervention (t1), immediately after completion of the three-month intervention (t2) and three months after completion the intervention (t3). For the final analyses, we will use an intention-to-treat approach (ITT) and compare patients in the assigned treatment groups.
DISCUSSION
Peer2Me might be an important addition to existing professional psychosocial support services for young cancer patients. At the end of the study, a psycho-oncological intervention for young cancer patients undergoing acute treatment should be available, from which both mentors and mentees could benefit. The long-term continuity of Peer2Me should be ensured through collaboration with different partners.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was retrospectively registered on February 4, 2022 at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05336318).
Topics: Humans; Peer Group; Adolescent; Young Adult; Neoplasms; Adult; Female; Social Support; Male; Prospective Studies; Adaptation, Psychological; Cancer Survivors; Quality of Life; Germany; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38956510
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12547-5 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2024Variants in the retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) gene are responsible for the majority of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa cases, which not only affects male...
Variants in the retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) gene are responsible for the majority of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa cases, which not only affects male patients but also some heterozygous females. Vision-related disability and anxiety of patients with RPGR-associated retinal degeneration have never been explored before. This study aimed to evaluate self-reported visual function and vision-related anxiety in a Portuguese cohort of male and female patients with RPGR-associated retinal degeneration using two validated patient-reported outcome measures. Cross-sectional data of thirty-two genetically-tested patients was examined, including scores of the Michigan retinal degeneration questionnaire (MRDQ) and Michigan vision-related anxiety questionnaire. Patients were classified according to retinal phenotypes in males (M), females with male phenotype (FM), and females with radial or focal pattern. Both M and FM revealed higher rod-function and cone-function anxiety scores (p < 0.017). Most MRDQ disability scores were higher in M and FM (p < 0.004). Overall, positive correlations (p < 0.004) were found between every MRDQ domain and both anxiety scores. In RPGR-associated retinal degeneration, males and females with male phenotype show similar levels of increased vision-related anxiety and disability. Every MRDQ visual function domain showed a strong correlation with anxiety scores.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; Anxiety; Self Report; Retinal Degeneration; Eye Proteins; Cross-Sectional Studies; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Aged; Phenotype; Young Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38956231
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66170-2 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2024The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the extent of sleep quality among individuals undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and to scrutinize...
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the extent of sleep quality among individuals undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and to scrutinize whether hope and family function serve as mediators in the association between anxiety and sleep quality in this cohort. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 227 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis from two tertiary hospitals in Wuhan. Participants completed several self-report questionnaires, including the Sociodemographic questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Athens Insomnia Scale, Herth Hope Index, and Family APGAR Index. As per the findings of the chain mediation analysis, it was observed that the sleep quality scores were directly predicted by anxiety. Moreover, anxiety positively predicted sleep quality scores through hope and family function as mediators. The observed types of mediation were partial mediation. The total indirect effect value was 0.354, indicating the mediating effect of hope and family function, while the total effect value was 0.481, representing the overall effect of anxiety on sleep quality. The total effect size was 73.60% (0.354/0.481), indicating that the mediation accounted for a significant portion of the relationship. This study established the chain mediating effect of hope and family function between anxiety and sleep quality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. The findings highlight the importance of addressing anxiety and promoting hope and family function to improve sleep quality in this population. The findings suggest that healthcare professionals should be attentive to the anxiety levels of these patients and implement targeted interventions to help alleviate anxiety, enhance hope, and improve family functioning, with the ultimate goal of improving sleep quality in this population.
Topics: Humans; Renal Dialysis; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Anxiety; Hope; Sleep Quality; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adult; Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires; Family; Self Report
PubMed: 38956144
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65901-9 -
Translational Psychiatry Jul 2024The Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment (ANA) is a neurobiologically-informed framework designed to understand the etiology and heterogeneity of Alcohol Use Disorder... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
The Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment (ANA) is a neurobiologically-informed framework designed to understand the etiology and heterogeneity of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Previous studies validated the three neurofunctional domains of ANA: Incentive Salience (IS), Negative Emotionality (NE) and Executive Function (EF) using secondary data. The present cross-sectional observational study assessed these domains in an independent, prospective clinical sample. Adults across the drinking spectrum (N = 300) completed the ANA battery, a standardized collection of behavioral tasks and self-report assessments. Factor analyses were used to identify latent factors underlying each domain. Associations between identified domain factors were evaluated using structural equation models. Receiver operating characteristics analyses were used to determine factors with the strongest ability to classify individuals with problematic drinking and AUD. We found (1) two factors underlie the IS domain: alcohol motivation and alcohol insensitivity. (2) Three factors were identified for the NE domain: internalizing, externalizing, and psychological strength. (3) Five factors were found for the EF domain: inhibitory control, working memory, rumination, interoception, and impulsivity. (4) These ten factors showed varying degrees of cross-correlations, with alcohol motivation, internalizing, and impulsivity exhibiting the strongest correlations. (5) Alcohol motivation, alcohol insensitivity, and impulsivity showed the greatest ability in classifying individuals with problematic drinking and AUD. Thus, the present study identified unique factors underlying each ANA domain assessed using a standardized assessment battery. These results revealed additional dimensionality to the ANA domains, bringing together different constructs from the field into a single cohesive framework and advancing the field of addiction phenotyping. Future work will focus on identifying neurobiological correlates and identifying AUD subtypes based on these factors.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Alcoholism; Executive Function; Neuropsychological Tests; Motivation; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Impulsive Behavior; Young Adult; Behavior, Addictive; Emotions; Factor Analysis, Statistical
PubMed: 38956031
DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02987-9 -
Archives of Sexual Behavior Jul 2024Feminist considerations have influenced how women and men view sex, affecting not only women's perspectives but also men's feelings about sexual desire with regard to...
Feminist considerations have influenced how women and men view sex, affecting not only women's perspectives but also men's feelings about sexual desire with regard to gender equity. This might be especially the case among men who self-identify as feminist. However, how men should manage their sexual desire or communicate about it within relationships with women is not always clear in this evolving social climate. Thus, the current study aimed to explore the successes and/or struggles feminist heterosexual men experience while navigating their desires alongside feminist considerations. To explore this, we recruited feminist-identified heterosexual men in long-term relationships. We asked participants (N = 30) a series of questions regarding their sexual desire, considering the context of their long-term relationships and evolving gender norms, during a one-on-one interview via Zoom. Using thematic analysis, we identified 11 themes from the interview data. We found that, though the feminist men in this study were all aware of negative societal perceptions of heterosexual men's sexual desire, most men in this study did not feel conflicts between their feminist principles and their own sexual desires. This is because they reported already following feminist principles; those who felt ambivalent navigated this by communicating with their partners. Findings demonstrate the usefulness and positive impact men report feminism having on them, their sexuality, and their long-term relationships, by allowing them to better engage with their sexuality and partners.
PubMed: 38956001
DOI: 10.1007/s10508-024-02914-5 -
Cardiovascular Revascularization... Jun 2024There is limited data on cardiac output in patients with small aortic annuli undergoing trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) according to the implanted...
BACKGROUND
There is limited data on cardiac output in patients with small aortic annuli undergoing trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) according to the implanted platform of balloon-expandable (BEV) compared to self-expanding valves (SEV).
METHODS
This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with severe aortic stenosis and small annuli who underwent successful TAVI. Cardiac output was measured using echocardiography within 4 weeks following TAVI. Data were recorded and analysed by an experienced operator who was not aware of the type of the implanted valve.
RESULTS
138 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 57 % underwent TAVI with BEV. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were comparable between the two platforms, except for more frequent previous cardiac surgery and smaller indexed aortic valve in the BEV group. There was no relationship between computed tomography-derived aortic annulus area and cardiac output post TAVI. When compared to patients who underwent TAVI with BEV, those with SEV had larger cardiac output [mean difference - 0.50 l/min, 95 % CI (-0.99, -0.01)] and cardiac index [mean difference - 0.20 l/min/m, 95 % CI (-0.47, 0.07)], although the latter did not reach statistical significance. Unlike patients with small body surface area, in those with large body surface area both cardiac output and cardiac index were statistically larger in patients who underwent SEV compared to BEV.
CONCLUSION
Cardiac output, as measured by echocardiography, was larger in patients with small annuli who underwent TAVI procedure with SEV compared to BEV. Such difference was more evident in patients with large body surface area.
PubMed: 38955627
DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2024.06.017 -
The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B Jul 2024Protein labeling through transient and repetitive hybridization of short, fluorophore-labeled DNA oligonucleotides has become widely applied in various optical...
Protein labeling through transient and repetitive hybridization of short, fluorophore-labeled DNA oligonucleotides has become widely applied in various optical super-resolution microscopy methods. The main advantages are multitarget imaging and molecular quantification. A challenge is the high background signal originating from the presence of unbound fluorophore-DNA labels in solution. Here, we report the self-quenching of fluorophore dimers conjugated to DNA oligonucleotides as a general concept to reduce the fluorescence background. Upon hybridization, the fluorescence signals of both fluorophores are restored. We expand the toolbox of fluorophores suitable for self-quenching and report their spectra and hybridization equilibria. We apply self-quenched fluorophore-DNA labels to stimulated emission depletion microscopy and single-molecule localization microscopy and report improved imaging performances.
PubMed: 38955346
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02065 -
Journal of AAPOS : the Official... Jun 2024Studies describe poor follow-up among children in ophthalmology prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the pandemic led to worse adherence for routine medical care in...
BACKGROUND
Studies describe poor follow-up among children in ophthalmology prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the pandemic led to worse adherence for routine medical care in children, little information exists on pediatric ophthalmology follow-up adherence during COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on follow-up adherence for children with eye disease, and identified characteristics associated with follow-up adherence.
METHODS
In this single-center study, the medical records of 519 new pediatric (≤18 years of age) patients seen during January, April, August, and December 2019 and 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were classified into two groups: adherent (patients who followed up within 30 days of recommended appointment time) or less-adherent (patients who followed up >30 days after recommended follow-up or never). Main outcome measure was patient adherence status.
RESULTS
Follow-up adherence was similar before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (50.4% for 2019 and 49.6% for 2021 [P = 0.40]). Patients that were less likely to be adherent in both univariate and multivariable analyses included those with public insurance (adjusted OR = 0.63 [95% CI, 0.40-1.00]; P = 0.05), and those recommended to follow-up ≥3 months (adjusted OR ≤ 0.10; P < 0.001). In addition, in univariate analysis, those who declined to self-report race (OR = 0.53 [95% CI, 0.29-0.95]; P = 0.04) and those seen by optometrists (OR = 0.42 [95% CI, 0.29-0.60]; P < 0.001) were less likely to be adherent, while patients who traveled ≥177 miles to their provider were more likely to be adherent (OR = 2.88 [95% CI, 1.17-7.55]; P = 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
Follow-up adherence for childhood eye care was low but remained relatively stable before and during the COVID-19 pandemic; >50% of children were less-adherent.
PubMed: 38955242
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2024.103963