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PloS One 2024This meta-analysis investigated the influence of exercise on cognitive function in people living with diabetes. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
This meta-analysis investigated the influence of exercise on cognitive function in people living with diabetes.
METHODS
Stringent criteria for literature inclusion and exclusion were defined. Searches were conducted across four English databases to gather randomized controlled trials investigating exercise interventions for cognitive function in people living with diabetes. Outcome indicators from 1193 subjects across 12 articles were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software.
RESULTS
Exercise intervention demonstrated the ability to mitigate cognitive decline in people living with diabetes, with a combined effect size (standardized mean difference) of 0.91, 95% CI: 0.28, 1.54, P < 0.00001. The intervention effect showed significant modulation by intervention content (I2 = 95%), intervention duration (I2 = 95%), intervention frequency (I2 = 95%), and intervention cycle (I2 = 96%). Among these factors, multi-component exercise, sessions >40 minutes, exercise frequency >4 times per week, and sustained exercise for >6 months were paramount, all with P < 0.05.
CONCLUSION
Exercise intervention emerges as a viable strategy for delaying cognitive decline in people living with diabetes. Its efficacy is subject to modulation by various variables. Optimal intervention includes multi-component exercise, individual sessions lasting 40-60 minutes, exercising >4 times a week, and continuous exercise for over 6 months.
Topics: Humans; Cognition; Diabetes Mellitus; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38900771
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304795 -
Health Informatics Journal 2024Although exercise benefits female cancer survivors, clinical decision-making regarding timing, frequency, duration, and intensity is lacking. Optimizing exercise... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Although exercise benefits female cancer survivors, clinical decision-making regarding timing, frequency, duration, and intensity is lacking. Optimizing exercise interventions in this population is necessary. This study aimed to describe existing digital home-based exercises and to assess their effectiveness at improving physical health in female cancer survivors upon completion of therapy.
DESIGN
We conducted a systematic review using articles from Web of Science, Embase and Medline (Ovid). We included intervention studies examining the effects of digital home-based exercise programs on post-treatment recovery in female cancer survivors. Rob2 and ROBIN I were used to assess quality of studies. Quality-of-life, fatigue score, and physical performance were assessed using meta-analysis.
RESULTS
This study involved 1578 female cancer survivors in 21 interventions. Following guidelines and supervised exercise with coaches led to better outcomes than interventions without guidelines, programs without coaches, or lower intensity exercise. Exercise led to significant improvement in some physical performance outcomes. Significant improvements were seen in physical performance outcomes, including the 6-min walk test, metabolic equivalent task, and number of steps per day.
CONCLUSION
Providing cancer survivors with standard guidelines for home-based, coach-supervised, vigorous exercise on digital platforms could improve their physical function, health, and quality-of-life.
Topics: Humans; Cancer Survivors; Female; Exercise Therapy; Quality of Life; Exercise
PubMed: 38898568
DOI: 10.1177/14604582241263668 -
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Jun 2024Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been increasingly popular, but its benefits in combination with exercise still need to be determined. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been increasingly popular, but its benefits in combination with exercise still need to be determined.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TRE combined with exercise compared with control diet with exercise in improving the body composition and metabolic health of adults.
METHODS
Five electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) examining the effect of TRE combined with exercise on body composition and metabolic health in adults were included. All results in our meta-analysis were described as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (Cl). Study quality was assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation assessment.
RESULTS
In total, 19 RCTs comprising 568 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. TRE combined with exercise likely reduced the participants' body mass (MD = -1.86 kg, 95% CI [-2.75, -0.97]) and fat mass (MD = -1.52 kg, 95% CI [-2.07, -0.97]) when compared to the control diet with exercise. In terms of metabolic health, the TRE combined with the exercise group likely reduced triglycerides (MD = -13.38 mg/dl, 95% CI [-21.22, -5.54]) and may result in a reduction in low-density lipoprotein (MD = -8.52 mg/dl, 95% CI [-11.72, -5.33]) and a large reduction in leptin (MD -0.67 ng/ml; 95%CI [-1.02, -0.33]). However, TRE plus exercise exhibited no additional benefit on the glucose profile, including fasting glucose and insulin, and other lipid profiles, including total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein levels, compared with the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
Combining TRE with exercise may be more effective in reducing body weight and fat mass and improving lipid profile than control diet with exercise. Implementing this approach may benefit individuals aiming to achieve weight loss and enhance their metabolic well-being. REGISTRY AND REGISTRY NUMBER FOR SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS OR META-ANALYSES: CRD42022353834.
PubMed: 38897385
DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100262 -
F1000Research 2024Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) is a severe and rapidly progressing disease with a high fatality rate. Patient education (PE) has been demonstrated to promote long-term... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) is a severe and rapidly progressing disease with a high fatality rate. Patient education (PE) has been demonstrated to promote long-term adherence to exercise and lifestyle improvements by assisting patients in developing self-management techniques. Our scoping review's goal was to chart out the prevailing level of research about the content, processes, and effectiveness of PE for patients with ILD.
METHODS
The relevant databases were searched using the rules provided by Arksey and O'Malley in 2005 and the Joanna Briggs Institute reviewers' manual 2015: an approach for JBI scoping reviews. Individuals with ILD, published in English between the years of inception and 2020, and describing PE administered by various healthcare practitioners were among the 355 studies found and reviewed. Thirteen studies met these criteria.
RESULTS
PE delivery process, delivery techniques, quality of life assessments, common PE themes, and healthcare professional participation were all recognized and cataloged.
CONCLUSION
Despite the fact that healthcare professionals (physicians, nurses, and physiotherapists) provide PE to patients with ILD regularly, the PE provided varies greatly (contents of PE, process of delivery and delivery techniques). During the scoping review, a significant variation in the themes was addressed. They could not provide any evidence-based specific recommendations for all healthcare practitioners due to the studies' heterogeneity and lack of effectiveness measures.
Topics: Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Humans; Patient Education as Topic; Quality of Life
PubMed: 38895701
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.147340.1 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health Feb 2024Flexibility is a component of functional capacity and is relevant in maintaining the musculature and structures adjacent to the joints. Then, the improvement of the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Flexibility is a component of functional capacity and is relevant in maintaining the musculature and structures adjacent to the joints. Then, the improvement of the flexibility must be a critical goal in the rehabilitation programs. By improving flexibility in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) individuals, the pain is relieved, the risk of injury is reduced, and the need for surgical interventions is delayed. We aimed to summarize the available literature on the influence of different physical exercise modalities on flexibility in older KOA individuals.
METHODS
This study followed the PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020195786). Seven databases (MEDLINE/PubMed; PEDro; CINAHL; Scopus; Web of Science; Embase; and SPORTDiscus) were screened for papers published prior to Sep 6, 2022. The PEDro scale, Cochrane collaborations, and ROBINS-I tools were used to evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias.
RESULTS
Ten studies (including 438 participants diagnosed with KOA) fulfilled the eligibility criteria, and nine concluded that flexibility was improved after a physical exercise program.
CONCLUSION
Despite the modality, physical exercise improves flexibility in older KOA individuals, improving the functional capacity. Health professionals engaged in KOA rehabilitation should use physical exercise as a strategy to improve the flexibility of this population.
PubMed: 38894836
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14911 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health Feb 2024Deviation of the foot from the normal posture affects the function of the foot and lower limb and causes lower limb injuries in normal people and athletes. Flat feet or... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Deviation of the foot from the normal posture affects the function of the foot and lower limb and causes lower limb injuries in normal people and athletes. Flat feet or flatfoot deformity are usually associated with pain in the foot area and a decrease in the normal function of the foot, which can negatively affect the sports ability of athletes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the abnormality of flat feet from training, exercise to therapeutic interventions.
METHODS
Articles were identified by searching five databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Gate & Pasteur from 2000 to 2022. The keywords were selected specifically and correctly and all the researches and articles related to the title of the article were searched and found. This research was also searched in Persian databases that this database, included: Irandoc, Mag Iran and Noormagz.
RESULTS
Finally, 30 studies met the criteria for entering this study, selected and used to conduct this study.
CONCLUSION
By using the results obtained in the research, which include corrective exercises and therapeutic interventions, especially the use of orthoses and various medical insoles, it is possible to help in the treatment and improvement of this anomaly.
PubMed: 38894830
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14915 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024The popularity of surfing has increased exponentially, reaching its recent debut in the Olympic Games. However, surfing suffers from a relative immature technological... (Review)
Review
The popularity of surfing has increased exponentially, reaching its recent debut in the Olympic Games. However, surfing suffers from a relative immature technological market, while in other sports some technologies such as global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have become an essential work material for strength and conditioning and head coaches. This article aims to systematically review surfers' time-motion demands based on GNSSs. A systematic review of relevant articles was carried out using five main databases (PubMed, ProQuest Central, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, and FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, CIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO)) until 23 March 2024. From the 238 studies initially found, 9 were included in the qualitative synthesis. In these, GNSS devices were employed with male (n = 143) and female (n = 28) surfers from different levels during competition and training situations. The studies show that the intermittent nature of the sport is evident, with substantial periods spent paddling and waiting punctuated by relatively brief high-intensity efforts when riding waves at high speeds. Notable differences emerged between competition and training demands, suggesting potential mismatches in how athletes currently prepare compared to event requirements. These novel insights allow quantifying surfing's harsh physiological requirements and could guide conditioning practices to better meet the sport's unique characteristics across populations. Therefore, training should emulate the lengthy aerobic capabilities needed for the paddling volumes observed, while also targeting the anaerobic systems to meet the repeated high-intensity surf riding efforts. However, inconsistencies in methods and reporting practices limit direct comparisons and comprehensive profiling of the sport's physical characteristics.
Topics: Humans; Geographic Information Systems; Time and Motion Studies; Female; Male; Athletic Performance; Athletes; Water Sports; Sports
PubMed: 38894246
DOI: 10.3390/s24113455 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024Coronary arteries originate from the first portion of the aorta, emerging from the right and left aortic sinuses. They traverse through the subepicardium and coronary... (Review)
Review
Coronary arteries originate from the first portion of the aorta, emerging from the right and left aortic sinuses. They traverse through the subepicardium and coronary sulcus to supply the myocardium during diastolic function. The objective of this review was to understand how the hypoplasia and agenesis of the coronary arteries are associated with cardiac pathologies. The databases Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS were researched until January 2024. An assurance tool for anatomical studies (AQUA) was used to evaluate methodological quality. The pooled prevalence was estimated using a random effects model. A total of three studies met the established selection criteria for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The prevalence of coronary artery variants was 3% (CI = 2% to 8%), with a heterogeneity of 77%. The other studies were analyzed descriptively, along with their respective clinical considerations in the presence of the variant. Hypoplasia and the congenital absence of the coronary arteries are often incidental findings and understanding these variants is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis. Additionally, it is essential to exercise caution when considering surgical management for hearts with these variants.
PubMed: 38892796
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113085 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024Upper body pain, particularly in the limbs and shoulders, is a common symptom among patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and wheelchair users. Despite the focus on... (Review)
Review
Upper body pain, particularly in the limbs and shoulders, is a common symptom among patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and wheelchair users. Despite the focus on resistance muscle training as a suitable intervention for SCI individuals, findings across different populations and conditions have been inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review to elucidate the correlations among exercise interventions, muscle strength enhancement, and pain reduction. A comprehensive literature search was performed using the keywords "spinal cord injury," "pain," "exercise," "disability," "paraplegia," and "tetraplegia" across the DBpia, EMBASE, PubMed, and Science Direct databases. From 191 identified articles, 13 studies (1 from Korea and 12 from other countries) were selected for analysis. The results indicate that exercise interventions are effective in reducing pain in patients with SCI, with a particular emphasis on alleviating shoulder pain. Exercise is essential for pain reduction in patients with SCI, especially those experiencing shoulder pain. However, there is a notable lack of experimental research focusing primarily on pain. The development of appropriate measurement instruments is crucial for the prevention and relief of pain in this patient population.
PubMed: 38892777
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113066 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024The objective of the study was to carry out an analysis of the methodological quality of clinical trials (effects of exercise on frailty in older people) based on ACSM... (Review)
Review
The objective of the study was to carry out an analysis of the methodological quality of clinical trials (effects of exercise on frailty in older people) based on ACSM recommendations. : The search scope included PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and literature that cannot be retrieved from the database. The topic was the impact of exercise on frailty in elderly people. Changes in five outcome measures (FP, BI, SPPB, GS, and BMI) were assessed using mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). A random effects model (RE) was used to conduct a meta-analysis and compare the results between subgroups. The intervention effects of exercise on the five outcome indicators of frailty in elderly people were all significant ( < 0.05). The effect of a high-consistency subgroup on outcome indicators FP and GS was more significant than that of the low- or uncertain-consistency subgroup (MD: -1.09 < -0.11, MD: 2.39 >1.1). There was no significant difference in the intervention effect as reflected in the outcome measures SPPB and BMI in the high-consistency subgroup ( = 0.07, = 0.34). There was no significant difference in the impact of the intervention on the outcome measure BI between the two subgroups ( = 0.06, = 0.14). Exercise prescriptions with high consistency with ACSM recommendations may be more effective in both FP and GS interventions than those with uncertain or low consistency. However, it is essential to note that the data derived from the meta-analysis is still subject to the small number of studies, the unknown degree of consistency of participants in individual studies, and the different mix of cases in the studies.
PubMed: 38892748
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113037