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Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2024Physicochemical methods for remediating phenol-contaminated soils are costly and inefficient, making biodegradation an environmentally friendly alternative approach....
Physicochemical methods for remediating phenol-contaminated soils are costly and inefficient, making biodegradation an environmentally friendly alternative approach. This study aims to screen for potential phenol-degrading bacteria and to verify the removal capacities of a selected strain in a bioaugmentation experiment at the greenhouse level using L. (Chinese cabbage) as the model plant and phenol-contaminated soil. In parallel, pot experiments were conducted using a collaborative approach based on this model system. We found that strain H13 showed a high degradation capability, with a 97.67% efficiency in degrading 100 mg/L phenol. Under shaking flask conditions, H13 facilitated the solubilization of tricalcium phosphate and potassium feldspar powder. Pot experiments suggested a phenol removal percentage of 89.22% and enhanced availability of soil phosphorus and potassium for plants with H13 inoculation. In this case, the abundance of soil microbes and the activity of soil enzymes significantly increased as well. Furthermore, both photosynthesis and the antioxidant system in Chinese cabbage were enhanced following H13 inoculation, resulting in its increased yield and quality. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that H13 can primarily affect plant root growth, with a secondary impact on photosynthesis. These findings highlight the potential of biodegradation from phenol-degrading bacteria as a promising strategy for efficient phenol removal from soil while promoting plant growth and health.IMPORTANCEThis study is significant for environmental remediation and agriculture by its exploration of a more environmentally friendly and cost-effective bio-strategy in treating phenol-contaminated soil. These findings have essential implications for environmental remediation efforts and sustainable agriculture. By utilizing the biodegradation capabilities of strain H13, it is possible to remove phenol contaminants from the soil efficiently, reducing their negative effects. Furthermore, the enhanced growth and health of the Chinese cabbage plants indicate the potential of this approach to promote sustainable crop production.
PubMed: 38916316
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00266-24 -
Clinical Case Reports Jun 2024Myroides odoratus infection, a rare gram-negative bacillus, predominantly affects immunocompromised patients and presents with diverse clinical manifestations....
Myroides odoratus infection, a rare gram-negative bacillus, predominantly affects immunocompromised patients and presents with diverse clinical manifestations. Antibiotic resistance poses challenges in determining appropriate treatment. This case underscores successful management of Myroides odoratus cellulitis complicated by bacteremia with dual antibiotic therapy, emphasizing the importance of timely recognition and susceptibility testing for effective treatment strategies.
PubMed: 38887306
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.9090 -
Food Chemistry: X Jun 2024Microbial composition plays an important role in the quality and flavor of bacon. The aims of this study were to detect bacterial community succession using...
Microbial composition plays an important role in the quality and flavor of bacon. The aims of this study were to detect bacterial community succession using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and volatile flavor compound changes using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) during the production of Zhenba bacon. The results showed that a total of 70 volatile compounds were detected. Among them, ketones, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, esters and alcohols were the main substances in the curing and smoking stages. In addition, the fungal abundance was greater than the bacterial abundance, and there was obvious succession of the microbial community with changes in fermentation time and processing technology. The main functional bacterial genera in the curing and smoking stages were , and , and the main fungal genera were and . Through correlation analysis, we found that pyrrole, 2-pentanol, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and ethyl acetate (EA) were significantly correlated with , , and ( < 0.01), and it is speculated that they contribute significantly to flavor formation. The results of this study are helpful for understanding the microbial dynamics and characteristic volatile flavor compounds in Zhenba bacon, and provide new insights into the relationship between microorganisms and flavor through potential correlations.
PubMed: 38813459
DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101478 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Chinese cabbage, scientifically known as subsp is a highly popular vegetable in China for its delectable taste. However, the occurrence of bacterial soft rot disease...
Chinese cabbage, scientifically known as subsp is a highly popular vegetable in China for its delectable taste. However, the occurrence of bacterial soft rot disease poses a significant threat to its growth and overall development. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the defense mechanisms employed by Chinese cabbage against bacterial soft rot disease. Specifically, the investigation focused on understanding the relationship between the disease and the microbial communities present in the soil surrounding the roots of Chinese cabbage. Significant disparities were observed in the composition of microbial communities present in the root-zone soil of healthy Chinese cabbage plants compared to those affected by -caused soft rot disease. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing results revealed a lower abundance of Proteobacteria (8.39%), Acidobacteriot (0.85), (3.51%), and (1.48%), whereas Firmicutes (113.76%), Bacteroidota (8.71%), Chloroflexi (4.89%), Actinobacteriota (1.71%), A4b (15.52%), (1.62%), and (1.35%) were more prevalent in healthy plant soils. Similarly, the analysis of ITS gene high-throughput sequencing results indicated a reduced occurrence of Chytridiomycota (23.58%), Basidiomycota (21.80%), (86.22%), and (22.57%) in healthy soils. In comparison, Mortierellomycota (50.72%), Ascomycota (31.22%), (485.08%), and (51.59%) were more abundant in healthy plant soils. In addition, a total of 15 bacterial strains were isolated from the root-zone soil of diseased Chinese cabbage plants. These isolated strains demonstrated the ability to fix nitrogen (with the exception of ZT20, ZT26, ZT41, ZT45, and ZT61), produce siderophores and indole acetic acid (IAA), and solubilize phosphate. Notably, ZT14 (), ZT33 (), ZT41 (), ZT52 (), ZT58 (), ZT45 (), and ZT32 () exhibited significant growth-promoting effects as determined by the plant growth promotion (PGP) tests. Consequently, this investigation not only confirmed the presence of the soft rot pathogen in Chinese cabbage plants in Hangzhou, China, but also advanced our understanding of the defense mechanisms employed by Chinese cabbage to combat soft rot-induced stress. Additionally, it identified promising plant-growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) that could be utilized in the future to enhance the Chinese cabbage industry.
PubMed: 38784798
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1401896 -
IJID Regions Jun 2024Rare human pathogens are infrequently observed clinically but can lead to undiagnosed infections, delays in treatment, severe complications, including death. Traditional... (Review)
Review
Rare human pathogens are infrequently observed clinically but can lead to undiagnosed infections, delays in treatment, severe complications, including death. Traditional diagnostic tools cannot routinely detect rare infections in public health settings. This study focuses on the incidence and outcomes of rare pathogenic microorganisms over 13 years (2010-2022) using PubMed database to obtain epidemiological data on rare bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections in hospitals throughout India. A total of 974 articles were screened using case studies, datasets, comments, classical articles, letters, editorials, observational studies, and meta-analyses. Our analysis identified 28 rare bacteria, six parasites, and five fungal species infections in India. Fatal cases were associated with rare bacterial and fungal infections, including two from pan-drug-resistant bacteria (both from the genus). A total of 10 bacterial species displayed multi-drug resistance; one was extensively drug-resistant, and eight remained unclassified. Of the 83 patients with these rare infections, the mortality was ∼8.4% (seven of 83). Considering drug resistance and high mortality, prompt diagnosis of rare pathogens is crucial to controlling their spread. An increased awareness within the Indian health care system focusing on diagnostics, record keeping, and data sharing will be necessary to enhance surveillance.
PubMed: 38646508
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100359 -
Indian Journal of Critical Care... Apr 2024species are ubiquitous in the environment and cause a variety of infections like urinary tract infections (UTI), sepsis, meningitis, cholecystitis, pneumonia, and soft...
AIM AND BACKGROUND
species are ubiquitous in the environment and cause a variety of infections like urinary tract infections (UTI), sepsis, meningitis, cholecystitis, pneumonia, and soft tissue infections, especially among immunocompromised populations. These are usually resistant to multiple antibiotics. This study aimed to demonstrate the clinical profile, underlying comorbidities, and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates obtained from nosocomial UTI cases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A sudden rise in the isolation of spp. from the repeated urine samples of admitted patients alerted us to conduct this retrospective observational study. Urine cultures that grew species were included in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed and the patient's clinical data was analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 14 spp. isolates were obtained from urine culture. The maximum number of cases (71.4%) were from the Nephrology ward and ICUs. The average (mean) age of patients was 46 years (range 2-80 years). All patients were catheterized. All isolates were multidrug resistant. Minocycline and doxycycline were the only drugs found effective in this study.
CONCLUSIONS
species are emerging rare pathogens that can cause UTI in immunocompromised and catheterized patients. Minocycline may be used for treating such infections.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Sahu C, Chaudhary R, Bhartiya C, Patel SS, Bhatnagar N. A Retrospective Study on UTI by Species: An Emerging Drug Resistant Nosocomial Pathogen. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(4):399-403.
PubMed: 38585315
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24683 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Jan 2024Thiram, a typical fungicide pesticide, is widely used in agricultural production. The presence of thiram residues is not only due to over-utilization, but is also...
Thiram, a typical fungicide pesticide, is widely used in agricultural production. The presence of thiram residues is not only due to over-utilization, but is also primarily attributed to long-term accumulation. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the impact of prolonged utilization of thiram at low doses on the gut microbiota, particularly with respect to gut fungi. Our objective is to explore the effect of thiram on broilers from the perspective of gut microbiota, which includes both bacteria and fungi. We developed a long-term low-dose thiram model to simulate thiram residue and employed 16 S rRNA and ITS gene sequencing to investigate the diversity and profile of gut microbiota between group CC (normal diet) and TC (normal diet supplemented with 5 mg/kg thiram). The results revealed that low doses of thiram had a detrimental effect on broiler's growth performance, resulting in an approximate reduction of 669.33 g in their final body weight at day 45. Our findings indicated that low-dose thiram had a negative impact on the gut bacterial composition, leading to a notable reduction in the abundance of Merdibacter, Paenibacillus, Macrococcus, Fournierella, and Anaeroplasma (p < 0.05) compared to the CC group. Conversely, the relative level of Myroides was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in response to thiram exposure. In gut fungi, thiram significantly enhanced the diversity and richness of gut fungal populations (p < 0.05), as evidenced by the notable increase in alpha indices, i.e. ACE (CC: 346.49 ± 117.27 vs TC: 787.27 ± 379.14, p < 0.05), Chao 1 (CC: 317.63 ± 69.13 vs TC: 504.85 ± 104.50, p < 0.05), Shannon (CC: 1.28 ± 1.19 vs TC: 5.39 ± 2.66, p < 0.05), Simpson (CC: 0.21 ± 0.21 vs TC: 0.78 ± 0.34, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the abundance of Ascomycota, Kickxellomycota, and Glomeromycota were significantly increased (p < 0.05) by exposure to thiram, conversely, the level of Basidiomycota was decreased (p < 0.05) in the TC group compared to the CC group. Overall, this study demonstrated that low doses of thiram induced significant changes in the composition and abundance of gut microbiota in broilers, with more pronounced changes observed in the gut fungal community as compared to the gut bacterial community. Importantly, our findings further emphasize the potential risks associated with low dose thiram exposure and have revealed a novel discovery indicating that significant alterations in gut fungi may serve as the crucial factor contributing to the detrimental effects exerted by thiram residues.
Topics: Animals; Thiram; Chickens; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Fungicides, Industrial; Bacteria
PubMed: 38157796
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115879 -
Microorganisms Nov 2023The intestinal bacteria of insects are crucial to the growth and development of the host. It has been found that various physiological processes of insects, such as...
The intestinal bacteria of insects are crucial to the growth and development of the host. It has been found that various physiological processes of insects, such as immune response, metabolism, reproductive ability, and growth and development, involve the gastrointestinal flora. However, many external factors affect the composition of insects' intestinal microorganisms, such as the type of dietary substrate. (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is of great significance in medicine and forensic science. In this study, we investigated the effects of ciprofloxacin on the growth and gut microbiota of . The results demonstrated that the maximum body length of larvae was not affected by ciprofloxacin, while the growth rate of body length quickened as the concentration of the drug increased. The weight of the pupa and adult was reduced significantly due to the effect of ciprofloxacin. After analyzing the gut microbiota composition of in different drug groups, it was indicated that , , , , , and play important roles in the growth of . However, they still need to be further studied. In general, ciprofloxacin can affect the gut microbial community structure, which in turn affects the fitness of the host.
PubMed: 38138011
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122867 -
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2023is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen known to rarely cause a wide range of opportunistic infections in humans. We report a novel case of bacteremia in a...
is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen known to rarely cause a wide range of opportunistic infections in humans. We report a novel case of bacteremia in a paraplegic patient with an extensive medical history likely due to a tunneled dialysis catheter infection that was successfully treated with levofloxacin.
PubMed: 38020519
DOI: 10.1155/2023/3089837 -
Cureus Sep 2023spp.-induced cutaneous infections are rare, with only 17 reported cases in the literature. spp. behave like low-grade opportunistic pathogens, with symptomatic...
spp.-induced cutaneous infections are rare, with only 17 reported cases in the literature. spp. behave like low-grade opportunistic pathogens, with symptomatic infections observed typically in severely immunocompromised patients and seldom in immunocompetent patients. In this paper, we present an immunocompetent 61-year old male with a past medical history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, morbid obesity, and patient-reported peripheral neuropathy who presented to the transitional care clinic with bilateral lower extremity swelling and hemosiderin-pigmented dry wounds consistent with diagnosis of chronic venous stasis dermatitis with resolved secondary infection. Further literature review about spp. and its resistance mechanism, antibiotic susceptibility, and biofilm production are also included in this paper.
PubMed: 37846255
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45319