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Microorganisms Mar 2022Plant-growth-promoting endophytes (PGPE) are a kind of beneficial microorganisms which could inhabit plant tissues to antagonize certain plant pathogens and promote the...
Plant-growth-promoting endophytes (PGPE) are a kind of beneficial microorganisms which could inhabit plant tissues to antagonize certain plant pathogens and promote the host plant's growth and development. At present, many studies have confirmed the mutualistic effect of endophytes with plants, but there are few systematic studies on beneficial roles between endophytes and , especially on the PGPE characteristics of the forage and environmental restoration plant. This study aimed to isolate PGPE from , evaluate their effects on plant growth, and ultimately acquire desirable microbial inoculants for agricultural use. First, endophytes were isolated from by plant re-inoculation experiment, and identified by morphological and molecular analyses. Fixation medium and methods were carried out to assess the nitrogen fixation ability of the strains. Then, the ability to dissolve phosphorus was determined by the Olsen and silicate medium methods; secretory IAA was measured by Salkowski colorimetric method; and the inhibitive effects on phytopathogen were observed by confrontation culture. Twenty-one strains were isolated from four varieties of , among which 14 strains with plant-growth-promoting characteristics were obtained by re-inoculation experiments, including seven endophytic bacteria and seven endophytic fungi. Further evaluation of three selected strains with the most significant PGP attributes were performed by using the pot re-inoculation experiment which revealed that TG2-B derived from was the most effective plant-growth-promoting agent due to its ability to produce high levels of IAA; the strain exhibited the most robust ability in dissolving inorganic phosphorus; and manifested a conspicuously antagonistic effect against a variety of plant pathogens. For the first time, this study reports the identification of endophytes that were able to promote plant growth and have a considerable antagonistic effects on plant pathogens, which could be considered as microbial inoculants for using in improving crop production and plant disease control.
PubMed: 35456782
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040731 -
Journal of Thoracic Disease Feb 2022The current COVID-19 pandemic is posing a major challenge to public health on a global scale. While it is generally believed that severe COVID-19 results from...
BACKGROUND
The current COVID-19 pandemic is posing a major challenge to public health on a global scale. While it is generally believed that severe COVID-19 results from over-expression of inflammatory mediators (i.e., a "cytokine storm"), it is still unclear whether and how co-infecting pathogens contribute to disease pathogenesis. To address this, we followed the entire course of the disease in cases with severe or critical COVID-19 to determine the presence and abundance of all potential pathogens present-the total "infectome"-and how they interact with the host immune system in the context of severe COVID-19.
METHODS
We examined one severe and three critical cases of COVID-19, as well as a set of healthy controls, with longitudinal samples (throat swab, whole blood, and serum) collected from each case. Total RNA sequencing (meta-transcriptomics) was performed to simultaneously investigate pathogen diversity and abundance, as well as host immune responses, in each sample. A Bio-Plex method was used to measure serum cytokine and chemokine levels.
RESULTS
Eight pathogens, SARS-CoV-2, (), (), (), (), , herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human cytomegalovirus (CMV), identified in patients with COVID-19 appeared at different stages of the disease. The dynamics of inflammatory mediators in serum and the respiratory tract were more strongly associated with the dynamics of the infectome compared with SARS-CoV-2 alone. Correlation analysis revealed that pulmonary injury was directly associated with cytokine levels, which in turn were associated with the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 and co-infecting pathogens.
CONCLUSIONS
For each patient, the cytokine storm that resulted in acute lung injury and death involved a dynamic and highly complex infectome, of which SARS-CoV-2 was a component. These results indicate the need for a precision medicine approach to investigate both the infection and host response as a standard means of infectious disease characterization.
PubMed: 35280492
DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-1284 -
Insects Feb 2022We sequenced the complete mitogenomes, 18S and 28S rRNA of two new isolates, collected in Eastern Nebraska and Northern Arkansas (US). Based on molecular sequence data...
We sequenced the complete mitogenomes, 18S and 28S rRNA of two new isolates, collected in Eastern Nebraska and Northern Arkansas (US). Based on molecular sequence data comparison and morphological characteristics, the new isolates were identified as a subspecies of Fabricius 1775, for which we propose the subspecies names '' and ''. The new 18S and 28S rRNA sequences were found to be 99% and 98% identical to . There are no other 18S or 28S rRNA sequences in the Genbank database, however, phylogenetic analysis of the Cox1 genes showed Chaudoir, 1843, and Morawitz, 1863, as the closest relatives. This is the first report of a mitogenome for , and only the second mitogenome for that genus. The nucleotide sequence identity between the mitogenomes of the two isolates is 98.8%, while the earlier sequenced Forster 1771 mitogenome is more distantly related, with only 90% (to ssp. ) and 89% (to ssp. ) overall nucleotide sequence identity. These new mitogenomes, and their phylogenetic analysis, firmly establish the position of on the Carabidae family tree and further refine the genus. In addition to the molecular data provided for the species, this approach also allowed us to identify bacterial and viral signatures for , , , and a giant virus, associated with the species. We hereby present a simple and efficient protocol for identification and phylogenetic analysis of , that is applicable to other Coleoptera, based on total DNA extraction and Illumina short-read Next-Gen sequencing.
PubMed: 35206763
DOI: 10.3390/insects13020190 -
Microbiological Research Mar 2022Salinity stress is one of the most harmful abiotic stresses that inhibit crop growth and grain yield. In this study, a salt-tolerant bacterium was isolated from the soil...
Combined application of HS and a plant growth promoting strain JIL321 regulates photosynthetic efficacy, soil enzyme activity and growth-promotion in rice under salt stress.
Salinity stress is one of the most harmful abiotic stresses that inhibit crop growth and grain yield. In this study, a salt-tolerant bacterium was isolated from the soil of the rice rhizosphere and named Myroides sp. JIL321, based on the results of the phylogenetic tree analysis. The strain JIL321 tolerated up to 1, 283.37 mM of NaCl and exhibited positive plant growth-promoting traits, such as the production of indole acetic acid (IAA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase. Therefore, the effects of JIL321 on rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salinity stress were determined. The inoculation of strain JIL321 significantly increased the chlorophyll content and the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances, such as proline and soluble sugars, in rice expose to salt stress. Additionally, strain JIL321 inoculation significantly enhanced the activities of some enzymes commonly found in soil, such as urease, invertase and catalase. Moreover, the production of hydrogen sulfide (HS), a pivotal signaling molecule, was also induced in rice by salt stress. Treatment with sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS, HS donor) improved salt stress tolerance of the rice, while treatment with hypotaurine (HT, HS scavenger) significantly suppressed it. Interestingly, NaHS treatment also improved the production of IAA and ACC deaminase in strain JIL321 under 0 mM and 150 mM salt concentrations. The combined treatment of JIL321 and NaHS could further improve the growth of salt-stressed rice seedlings, most likely due to the interaction effect between HS and strain JIL321. To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that the combined use of HS and plant growth-promoting bacteria could alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress on rice plants, and further verifies the novel role of HS as a signaling molecule that enhance the tolerance of plant to abiotic stresses.
Topics: Oryza; Phylogeny; Plant Development; Salt Stress; Soil
PubMed: 34953293
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126943 -
Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology :... 2021With increased availability of sophisticated microbiological techniques for isolation, growth and identification of micro-organisms the spectrum of organisms is rapidly....
With increased availability of sophisticated microbiological techniques for isolation, growth and identification of micro-organisms the spectrum of organisms is rapidly. Herein we report four cases of canaliculitis with unusual organisms and highlight their clinical significance. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of isolation of Brucella melitensis and Leuconostoc species reported in English literature; and only one report of isolation of Myroides species from canaliculitis exists. Sphingomonas paucimobilis, is an uncommon isolate in canaliculitis. Extremes of age and occupational exposure may be possible risk factors for infection with uncommon organisms. Clinical features at presentation do not vary greatly with uncommon or multi drug resistant organisms' hence sampling and microbiological assessment is warranted. The benefit of curettage in canaliculitis is manifold. Unusual organisms and opportunistic pathogens can be multi-drug resistant and determination of antibiotic susceptibility is important to initiate targeted therapy to ensure disease cure and prevent recurrences.
PubMed: 34667936
DOI: 10.4103/1319-4534.325778 -
Food Science and Biotechnology Sep 2021Sufu is a common solid-state traditional fermented food made from soybean. Huase sufu is a typical type found in several provinces of China, especially in Hubei....
UNLABELLED
Sufu is a common solid-state traditional fermented food made from soybean. Huase sufu is a typical type found in several provinces of China, especially in Hubei. However, little is known about the bacterial community. High-throughput sequencing technology revealed that the dominant taxa at phylum level were: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroides, and at the genus level were: , , , etc. Additionally, LEfSe revealed that compared with the bacterial community of red sufu and white sufu, the biomarker genera for both huase sufu were , and . Moreover, there were twenty-eight hubs for the huase sufu samples, and four of them were dominant genera: , , , . These results provide a new insight into our understanding of the bacterial diversity of huase sufu, and will facilitate the isolation, screening, and development potential bacterial strains for production of huase sufu.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-021-00963-3.
PubMed: 34603822
DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00963-3 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021High concentrations of Y12 significantly inhibit the development of housefly larvae and accelerate larvae death. In this study, the dynamic distribution of the gut...
High concentrations of Y12 significantly inhibit the development of housefly larvae and accelerate larvae death. In this study, the dynamic distribution of the gut microbiota of housefly larvae fed different concentrations of Y12 was investigated. Compared with low-concentration diets, orally administered high-concentration diets caused higher mortality and had a greater impact on the community structure and interaction network of intestinal flora in housefly larvae. The bacterial community of the gut microbiota in housefly larvae was reconstructed in 4 days. Bacterial abundance and diversity were significantly reduced in housefly larvae fed high concentrations of . With the growth of larvae, the relative abundances of , , , , and increased significantly in housefly larvae fed with high concentrations of , while the relative abundances of , , , , , and were significantly reduced. To analyze the role of the gut microorganisms played on housefly development, a total of 10 cultivable bacterial species belonging to 9 genera were isolated from the intestine of housefly larvae among which , , , , and promoted the growth of larvae through feeding experiments. This study is the first to analyze the influence of high concentrations of on the gut microbiota of houseflies. Our study provides a basis for exploring the pathogenic mechanism of high concentrations of Y12 in houseflies.
PubMed: 34335517
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.691158 -
Indian Journal of Critical Care... Jun 2021Mahendran AJ, Agrawal S, Rastogi N, Myroides: A Rare but Hard-to-crack Villain in a Critical Care Setup. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(6):735-736.
Mahendran AJ, Agrawal S, Rastogi N, Myroides: A Rare but Hard-to-crack Villain in a Critical Care Setup. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(6):735-736.
PubMed: 34316160
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23845 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Apr 2021Infections due to Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Myroides are very rare and generally affect the skin and soft tissues of patients with some degree of...
Infections due to Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Myroides are very rare and generally affect the skin and soft tissues of patients with some degree of immunocompromise. We present a case of a 23-year-old patient with a history of myelomeningocele surgically resolved at 3 years of age and bot foot, who presented with a deep infection of the right lower extremity by Myroides odoratimimus. The species identification was carried out with MALDI-TOF and the treatment was initially carried out with meropenem and finally then ciprofloxacin, in addition to right supramaleolar amputation.
Topics: Adult; Flavobacteriaceae; Flavobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Osteomyelitis; Soft Tissue Infections; Young Adult
PubMed: 34184722
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182021000200297 -
IDCases 2021Formerly classified under the genus species are common gram-negative, environmental bacterium ubiquitous in soil and water. While infrequent, infections of human hosts...
Formerly classified under the genus species are common gram-negative, environmental bacterium ubiquitous in soil and water. While infrequent, infections of human hosts can result in devastating consequences due the bacteria's intrinsic multidrug resistance, particularly in those who are immunocompromised. The pathogenicity and mechanisms for resistance remain poorly understood at this time. The case presented in this report details bacteremia secondary to a soft tissue infection of the lower extremities and adds to the 60 documented infections to date, of which 15 were also characterized by a similar infection.
PubMed: 33850715
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2021.e01061