-
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B Feb 2020The progression of hyperuricemia disease is often accompanied by damage to renal function. However, there are few studies on hyperuricemia nephropathy, especially its...
The progression of hyperuricemia disease is often accompanied by damage to renal function. However, there are few studies on hyperuricemia nephropathy, especially its association with intestinal flora. This study combines metabolomics and gut microbiota diversity analysis to explore metabolic changes using a rat model as well as the changes in intestinal flora composition. The results showed that amino acid metabolism was disturbed with serine, glutamate and glutamine being downregulated whilst glycine, hydroxyproline and alanine being upregulated. The combined glycine, serine and glutamate could predict hyperuricemia nephropathy with an area under the curve of 1.00. Imbalanced intestinal flora was also observed. , , , , and other conditional pathogens increased significantly in the model group, while and , the short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria, declined greatly. At phylum, family and genus levels, disordered nitrogen circulation in gut microbiota was detected. In the model group, the uric acid decomposition pathway was enhanced with reinforced urea liver-intestine circulation. The results implied that the intestinal flora play a vital role in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia nephropathy. Hence, modulation of gut microbiota or targeting at metabolic enzymes, , urease, could assist the treatment and prevention of this disease.
PubMed: 32082971
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.10.007 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 2019
PubMed: 31350376
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01543-18 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 2019
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Fatal Outcome; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Lung Abscess; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Thorax; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31350375
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01542-18 -
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi =... Jul 2019To study the structural features of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment and the association of the change in intestinal flora with cognitive...
OBJECTIVE
To study the structural features of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment and the association of the change in intestinal flora with cognitive impairment in preterm rats.
METHODS
Sprague-Dawley rats at 16-17 days of gestation were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide for two consecutive days to establish a model of cognitive impairment, and the rats treated with intraperitoneally injected phosphate-buffered saline were established as the control group. Cesarean section was performed on day 21 of gestation, and preterm rats were randomly assigned to healthy maternal rats for feeding. The place navigation test in the Morris water maze was used to evaluate cognition on day 30 after birth. According to the result, the preterm rats were divided into cognitive impairment group with 21 rats and normal control group with 10 rats. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe pathological changes of the hippocampus, and fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing and analysis. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for intestinal flora.
RESULTS
Compared with the normal control group, the cognitive impairment group showed degeneration and necrosis of a large number of neurons in the hippocampus. Compared with the normal control group, the cognitive impairment group had significant reductions in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora (P<0.05), with a significant increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level (P<0.05), as well as significant reductions in the abundance of Prevotella and Lactobacillus and significant increases in the abundance of Staphylococcaceae and Oligella at the order, family, and genus levels (P<0.05). PCA showed a significant difference in the composition of intestinal flora between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a significant change in the structure of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment, which provides a basis for the treatment and intervention of microecological changes due to cognitive impairment after preterm birth.
Topics: Animals; Cesarean Section; Cognitive Dysfunction; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Pregnancy; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 31315772
DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2019.07.016 -
GMS Hygiene and Infection Control 2019To quantify the frequency of bacterial contamination of the injected contrast agent/saline solution by an automated contrast injection system, and to evaluate whether...
To quantify the frequency of bacterial contamination of the injected contrast agent/saline solution by an automated contrast injection system, and to evaluate whether usage of a novel tube system can reduce it. For bacterial contamination quantification two identical automated piston pump MRI contrast injectors were used in combination with a standard tube system. 3-5 ml of the contrast agent/saline solution was collected from the system prior to its connection to the patients' venous cannula in 104 consecutive patients. To test, whether a novel tube system reduces contamination, a tube system with shielded screw connections was used with the same contrast injectors and contrast agent/saline samples were collected in further 101 patients. Specimens were microbiologically analyzed. Frequencies of contamination were compared using Fisher exact test. With the standard tube system, bacterial contamination was observed in 5.8% (6 out of 104 specimens). With the novel tube system, contamination was observed in 2.0% (2 out of 101 specimens, p=0.280). was the most common germ (5 cases) followed by (2 cases) and (1 case). Bacterial contaminations of MRI contrast injectors occurred in a non-negligible frequency especially with . A trend towards reduced bacterial contamination was seen when a novel tube system with shielded screw connections was used.
PubMed: 31198659
DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000321 -
Infectious Diseases of Poverty Nov 2016Previously rare A2ML1 variants were identified to confer otitis media susceptibility in an indigenous Filipino community and in otitis-prone US children. The goal of...
BACKGROUND
Previously rare A2ML1 variants were identified to confer otitis media susceptibility in an indigenous Filipino community and in otitis-prone US children. The goal of this study is to describe differences in the middle ear microbiome between carriers and non-carriers of an A2ML1 duplication variant that increases risk for chronic otitis media among indigenous Filipinos with poor health care access.
METHODS
Ear swabs were obtained from 16 indigenous Filipino individuals with chronic otitis media, of whom 11 carry the A2ML1 duplication variant. Ear swabs were submitted for 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
RESULTS
Genotype-based differences in microbial richness, structure, and composition were identified, but were not statistically significant. Taxonomic analysis revealed that the relative abundance of the phyla Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and genus Fusobacterium were nominally increased in carriers compared to non-carriers, but were non-significant after correction for multiple testing. We also detected rare bacteria including Oligella that was reported only once in the middle ear.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that A2ML1-related otitis media susceptibility may be mediated by changes in the middle ear microbiome. Knowledge of middle ear microbial profiles according to genetic background can be potentially useful for therapeutic and prophylactic interventions for otitis media and can guide public health interventions towards decreasing otitis media prevalence within the indigenous Filipino community.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; DNA, Bacterial; Ear, Middle; Female; Genes, Duplicate; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Otitis Media; Philippines; Population Groups; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Young Adult; alpha-Macroglobulins
PubMed: 27799062
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-016-0189-7 -
Le Infezioni in Medicina 2016Oligella ureolytica is an emerging bacteria rarely implicated as a human pathogen. It is mostly recovered from urinary and respiratory tract specimens as a commensal... (Review)
Review
Oligella ureolytica is an emerging bacteria rarely implicated as a human pathogen. It is mostly recovered from urinary and respiratory tract specimens as a commensal organism, but very seldom from bloodstream infections. It is rarely reported in the literature, probably due to misidentification of the organism or uncertainty of its pathogenicity.
Topics: Aged; Alcaligenaceae; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Bacteremia; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Penicillanic Acid; Piperacillin; Risk Factors; Tazobactam; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27031899
DOI: No ID Found -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Jul 2015
Topics: Aged; Alcaligenaceae; Bacteremia; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; United States
PubMed: 26079071
DOI: 10.3201/eid2107.150242 -
MBio Jul 2014Bacterial DNA and live bacteria have been detected in human urine in the absence of clinical infection, challenging the prevailing dogma that urine is normally sterile....
Bacterial DNA and live bacteria have been detected in human urine in the absence of clinical infection, challenging the prevailing dogma that urine is normally sterile. Urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) is a poorly understood urinary condition characterized by symptoms that overlap urinary infection, including urinary urgency and increased frequency with urinary incontinence. The recent discovery of the urinary microbiome warrants investigation into whether bacteria contribute to UUI. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to classify bacterial DNA and expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC) techniques to isolate live bacteria in urine collected by using a transurethral catheter from women with UUI and, in comparison, a cohort without UUI. For these cohorts, we demonstrated that the UUI and non-UUI urinary microbiomes differ by group based on both sequence and culture evidences. Compared to the non-UUI microbiome, sequencing experiments revealed that the UUI microbiome was composed of increased Gardnerella and decreased Lactobacillus. Nine genera (Actinobaculum, Actinomyces, Aerococcus, Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium, Gardnerella, Oligella, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus) were more frequently cultured from the UUI cohort. Although Lactobacillus was isolated from both cohorts, distinctions existed at the species level, with Lactobacillus gasseri detected more frequently in the UUI cohort and Lactobacillus crispatus most frequently detected in controls. Combined, these data suggest that potentially important differences exist in the urinary microbiomes of women with and without UUI, which have strong implications in prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of UUI. Importance: New evidence indicates that the human urinary tract contains microbial communities; however, the role of these communities in urinary health remains to be elucidated. Urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) is a highly prevalent yet poorly understood urinary condition characterized by urgency, frequency, and urinary incontinence. Given the significant overlap of UUI symptoms with those of urinary tract infections, it is possible that UUI may have a microbial component. We compared the urinary microbiomes of women affected by UUI to those of a comparison group without UUI, using both high-throughput sequencing and extended culture techniques. We identified statistically significant differences in the frequency and abundance of bacteria present. These differences suggest a potential role for the urinary microbiome in female urinary health.
Topics: Actinomyces; Aerococcus; Aged; Arthrobacter; Corynebacterium; Female; Gardnerella; Humans; Lactobacillus; Microbiota; Middle Aged; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Urinary Incontinence; Urinary Tract
PubMed: 25006228
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01283-14