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Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Feb 2023Thyroid nodules are frequently accompanied by degenerative changes, such as hemorrhage, cholesterol crystallization, fibrous tissue deposition, or filling with fat....
Thyroid nodules are frequently accompanied by degenerative changes, such as hemorrhage, cholesterol crystallization, fibrous tissue deposition, or filling with fat. Although calcification is also a common phenomenon, osteogenesis, characterized by mature bone formation, is very rare. Here, we describe a case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with osseous metaplasia and ectopic bone formation case and discuss its possible causes.
Topics: Humans; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Osteogenesis; Hashimoto Disease; Calcinosis; Metaplasia
PubMed: 36112898
DOI: 10.1177/01455613221125922 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2022A male 10-year-old captive red kangaroo () was presented with a chronic progressive pelvic limb lameness and reluctance to jump. The general examination revealed a...
A male 10-year-old captive red kangaroo () was presented with a chronic progressive pelvic limb lameness and reluctance to jump. The general examination revealed a palpable induration of the lumbar epaxial muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging performed under general anesthesia revealed bilateral almost symmetric, well-circumscribed mass lesions in superficial erector spinae muscles. The lesions had irregular to multilobulated appearance with hyper-, hypo-, and isointense areas in T2- and T1-weighted (w) sequences without contrast enhancement. On computed tomography, a peripheral rim of mineralization was apparent. Histopathological analysis of a muscle biopsy showed osseous trabeculae with rare clusters of chondrocytes indicating metaplasia of muscle tissue to bone. No indications of inflammation or malignancy were visible. The clinical, histopathological, and imaging workup of this case was consistent with . This disorder is particularly well-known among human professional athletes such as basketball players, where excessive, chronic-repetitive force or blunt trauma causes microtrauma to the musculature. Metaplasia of muscle tissue due to abnormal regeneration processes causes heterotopic ossification. The kangaroo's clinical signs improved with cyto-reductive surgery, cage rest, weight reduction, and meloxicam without further relapse.
PubMed: 35865877
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.886495 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Jun 2022
Topics: Calcinosis; Endometrium; Female; Humans; Infertility; Metaplasia
PubMed: 35760426
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.220183 -
Cureus Apr 2022Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor of the uterus, affecting reproductive-age women. Although women with uterine fibroids are commonly asymptomatic, in...
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor of the uterus, affecting reproductive-age women. Although women with uterine fibroids are commonly asymptomatic, in symptomatic patients, hysteroscopic myomectomy is considered the first-line surgical treatment for intracavitary fibroids in women who wish to maintain fertility. Osseous metaplasia in uterine fibroids is the transformation of fibroids cells into pure mature or immature bone. It is rare, and few case reports present with osseous metaplasia in uterine fibroids. This is the first report in the literature of osseous metaplasia in a remnant fibroid after hysteroscopic myomectomy. Every effort should be attempted to ensure complete retrieval of the detached fibroid remnant after hysteroscopic resection, as this might decrease the risk for subsequent surgeries.
PubMed: 35592202
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24156 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2022Lipomata are soft-tissue mesenchymal neoplasms that are benign in nature and often asymptomatic. Lipomata commonly occur in the body, however, only 1%-5% are identified...
INTRODUCTION
Lipomata are soft-tissue mesenchymal neoplasms that are benign in nature and often asymptomatic. Lipomata commonly occur in the body, however, only 1%-5% are identified within the oral cavity, and lipomata with osseous metaplasia account for <1% of all lipomata.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A PubMed literature review designating search terms including "oral" and "parosteal lipoma" or "lipoma with osseous metaplasia" or "ossifying lipoma" or "osseous lipoma" was conducted.
RESULTS
The literature review identified two previous reports of parosteal localization of lipomata in the mandible and 22 cases of lipomata with osseous metaplasia within the oral cavity.
CONCLUSIONS
With the initial suspicion of a more malevolent diagnosis, this rare entity, with only two other cases identified, is important to consider in the clinician's differential diagnoses.
PubMed: 35571300
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_179_21 -
Urology Case Reports May 2022TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare but well characterised histological subtype of RCC with an aggressive clinical course and propensity for late...
TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare but well characterised histological subtype of RCC with an aggressive clinical course and propensity for late metastases. Osseous metaplasia is an uncommon but well documented finding in clear cell, papillary and chromophobe RCC. We present the first case of a -rearranged RCC to be found harbouring metaplastic bone in a 47-year-old woman who presented with a slowly enlarging left flank mass over a 10 year period. This case report adds to the clinicopathological description of -rearranged RCC and suggests that larger studies are required to fully elucidate the prognosis of these tumours.
PubMed: 35530544
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2022.102041 -
Surgeries Dec 2021We report two cases of ectopic bone formation in the head and neck following treatment with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Surgical pathologic...
We report two cases of ectopic bone formation in the head and neck following treatment with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Surgical pathologic data, laryngoscopy imaging, CT imaging, and patient medical history were obtained. First, we report osseous metaplasia in the vocal fold in a 67-year-old male following mandibular dental implants with rhBMP-2; second, a case of severe bony overgrowth of the larynx and fusion to the anterior cervical spine (ACS) in a 73-year-old male following multiple anterior cervical discectomies and fusions with rhBMP-2. Ectopic bone formation following rhBMP-2 has been previously reported. Adverse events like local swelling and edema leading to dysphagia and even airway obstruction after cervical spine application of rhBMP-2 have also been widely reported. Due to the uncommon nature of abnormal bony growth in soft tissue areas of the head and neck and the previously documented adverse effects of rhBMP-2 use, especially in the cervical spine, we consider the two unusual case presentations of ectopic bony formation highly likely to be linked with rhBMP-2. We urge awareness of the adverse effects caused by rhBMP-2, and urge caution in dosing.
PubMed: 35463995
DOI: 10.3390/surgeries2040038 -
BMC Genomics Apr 2022Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a bone disorder in which dead chondrocytes accumulate as a result of apoptosis and non-vascularization in the tibial bone of broiler...
Transcriptome-based biomarker gene screening and evaluation of the extracellular fatty acid-binding protein (Ex-FABP) on immune and angiogenesis-related genes in chicken erythrocytes of tibial dyschondroplasia.
BACKGROUND
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a bone disorder in which dead chondrocytes accumulate as a result of apoptosis and non-vascularization in the tibial bone of broiler chickens. The pathogenicity of TD is under extensive research but is yet not fully understood. Several studies have linked it to apoptosis and non-vascularization in the tibial growth plate (GP). We conceived the idea to find the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in chicken erythrocytes which vary in expression over time using a likelihood-ratio test (LRT). Thiram was used to induce TD in chickens, and then injected Ex-FABP protein at 0, 20, and 50 μgkg to evaluate its therapeutic effect on 30 screened immunity and angiogenesis-related genes using quantitative PCR (qPCR). The histopathology was also performed in TD chickens to explore the shape, circularity, arrangements of chondrocytes and blood vessels.
RESULTS
Clinical lameness was observed in TD chickens, which decreased with the injection of Ex-FABP. Histopathological findings support Ex-FABP as a therapeutic agent for the morphology and vascularization of affected chondrocytes in TD chickens. qPCR results of 10 immunity (TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, TLR15, IL-7, MyD88, MHCII, and TRAF6) and 20 angiogenesis-related genes (ITGAV, ITGA2, ITGB2, ITGB3, ITGA5, IL1R1, TBXA2R, RPL17, F13A1, CLU, RAC2, RAP1B, GIT1, FYN, IQGAP2, PTCH1, NCOR2, VAV-like, PTPN11, MAML3) regulated when Ex-FABP is injected to TD chickens.
CONCLUSION
Immunity and angiogenesis-related genes can be responsible for apoptosis of chondrocytes and vascularization in tibial GP. Injection of Ex-FABP protein to thiram induced TD chickens decrease the chondrocytes damage and improves vascularization.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Chickens; Erythrocytes; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; Growth Plate; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Osteochondrodysplasias; Poultry Diseases; Thiram; Tibia; Transcriptome
PubMed: 35459093
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08494-9 -
Radiology Case Reports Jun 2022Myositis ossificans is a pathologic process of ossification in soft tissues. The breast is an exceptionally rare location for myositis ossificans with less than 5 cases...
Myositis ossificans is a pathologic process of ossification in soft tissues. The breast is an exceptionally rare location for myositis ossificans with less than 5 cases documented in the English literature. We present a case of a 66-year-old woman with myositis ossificans of the left breast and no known initiating trauma. The significance of the progression of clinical and radiological findings are discussed in detail. This case shows the importance of radiology for identifying unique pathology as well as close radiological follow up.
PubMed: 35432665
DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.03.038 -
Intervertebral disc degeneration in warmblood horses: Histological and biochemical characterization.Veterinary Pathology Mar 2022Gross morphology of healthy and degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) is largely similar in horses as in dogs and humans. For further comparison, the biochemical...
Gross morphology of healthy and degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) is largely similar in horses as in dogs and humans. For further comparison, the biochemical composition and the histological and biochemical changes with age and degeneration were analyzed in 41 warmblood horses. From 33 horses, 139 discs and 2 fetal vertebral columns were evaluated and scored histologically. From 13 horses, 73 IVDs were assessed for hydration, DNA, glycosaminoglycans, total collagen, hydroxyl-lysyl-pyridinoline, hydroxylysine, and advanced glycation end-product (AGE) content. From 7 horses, 20 discs were assessed for aggrecan, fibronectin, and collagen type 1 and 2 content. Histologically, tearing of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and cervical annulus fibrosus (AF), and total histological score (tearing and vascular proliferation of the AF, and chondroid metaplasia, chondrocyte-like cell proliferation, presence of notochordal cells, matrix staining, and tearing of the NP) correlated with gross degeneration. Notochordal cells were not seen in IVDs of horses. Age and gross degeneration were positively correlated with AGEs and a fibrotic phenotype, explaining gross degenerative changes. In contrast to dogs and humans, there was no consistent difference in glycosaminoglycan content and hydration between AF and NP, nor decrease of these variables with age or degeneration. Hydroxylysine decrease and collagen 1 and AGEs increase were most prominent in the NP, suggesting degeneration started in the AP. In caudal cervical NPs, AGE deposition was significantly increased in grossly normal IVDs and total collagen significantly increased with age, suggesting increased biomechanical stress and likelihood for spinal disease in this part of the vertebral column.
Topics: Animals; Collagen; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fibrosis; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hydroxylysine; Intervertebral Disc; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
PubMed: 35291907
DOI: 10.1177/03009858211067463