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Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jan 2022: Tactile sensibility is an important characteristic for evaluating the masticatory efficiency in different occlusal situations. When a tooth is extracted, relevant... (Review)
Review
: Tactile sensibility is an important characteristic for evaluating the masticatory efficiency in different occlusal situations. When a tooth is extracted, relevant proprioceptors from the periodontal ligament get lost; and after the rehabilitation of this abscess by means of oral prosthesis, this sensibility decreases influencing masticatory function. Osseoperception is a sensitive phenomenon associated with dental implants that allows an increased tactile sensibility to those wearing implant prostheses. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in tactile sensibility values between implant prosthesis, complete dentures, and natural teeth through a review of the available literature. . In order to dissect the information, 24 articles from 2004 to 2021 were analyzed from MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and Web of Science databases. These articles were directly related to measuring tactile sensibility in different situations and demonstrating the influence of osseoperception in an improved masticatory function. : Tactile sensibility in implant prosthesis is slightly reduced compared with natural dentition but presents improved values with regard to complete dentures. : Implant prosthesis are more effective during masticatory function than complete dentures, as they present an increased tactile sensibility, very similar to that present in natural dentition. This enhanced sensibility in implants is due to the osseoperception phenomenon.
Topics: Humans; Mouth, Edentulous; Sensory Receptor Cells; Touch
PubMed: 35056400
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010092 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Jan 2022Bacterial behavior and virulence during human infection is difficult to study and largely unknown, as our vast knowledge of infection microbiology is primarily derived...
Bacterial behavior and virulence during human infection is difficult to study and largely unknown, as our vast knowledge of infection microbiology is primarily derived from studies using in vitro and animal models. Here, we characterize the physiology of , a periodontal pathogen, in its native environment using 93 published metatranscriptomic datasets from periodontally healthy and diseased individuals. transcripts were more abundant in samples from periodontally diseased patients but only above 0.1% relative abundance in one-third of diseased samples. During human infection, highly expressed genes encoding virulence factors such as fimbriae and gingipains (proteases) and genes involved in growth and metabolism, indicating that is actively growing during disease. A quantitative framework for assessing the accuracy of model systems showed that 96% of genes were expressed similarly in periodontitis and in vitro midlogarithmic growth, while significantly fewer genes were expressed similarly in periodontitis and in vitro stationary phase cultures (72%) or in a murine abscess infection model (85%). This high conservation in gene expression between periodontitis and logarithmic laboratory growth is driven by overall low variance in gene expression, relative to other pathogens including and Together, this study presents strong evidence for the use of simple test tube growth as the gold standard model for studying biology, providing biological relevance for the thousands of laboratory experiments performed with logarithmic phase Furthermore, this work highlights the need to quantitatively assess the accuracy of model systems.
Topics: Animals; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Fimbriae, Bacterial; Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases; Humans; Laboratories; Mice; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Transcriptome; Virulence; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 34992142
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116637119 -
Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical... Sep 2021Periodontal treatment focuses on the thorough removal of specific periodontal pathogens, mainly anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria, by mechanical scaling and root...
OBJECTIVES
Periodontal treatment focuses on the thorough removal of specific periodontal pathogens, mainly anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria, by mechanical scaling and root planning. In case the periodontal abscess is detected after treatment, a high dose of antimicrobial agents is commonly applied via oral administration. However, this approach increases the risk of antibiotic resistance and systemic side effects and decreases efficacy. To overcome the aforementioned issues, this study focused on the development of thermosensitive hydrogel to deliver the antibiotic drug metronidazole (MTZ) directly and locally to the oral infection site.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The thermosensitive hydrogels were prepared by blending 28% w/v Pluronic F127 with various concentrations of methylcellulose (MC) and silk fibroin (SF). The gel properties, such as sol-gel transition time, viscosity, and gel strength, were investigated. The drug dissolution profiles, together with their theoretical models and gel dissolution characteristics, were also determined.
RESULTS
All hydrogel formulations exhibited sol-gel transitions at 37°C within 1 min. An increase in MC content proportionally increased the viscosity but decreased the gel strength of the hydrogel. By contrast, the SF content did not significantly affect the viscosity but increased the gel strength of the hydrogel. The thermosensitive hydrogels also showed prolonged MTZ release characteristics for 10 days in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 6.6, which followed the Higuchi diffusion model. Moreover, MTZ-thermosensitive hydrogel exhibited delayed dissolution in PBS at 37°C for more than 9 days.
CONCLUSION
MTZ-thermosensitive hydrogels could be considered a prospective local oral drug delivery system to achieve efficient sustained release and improve the drug pharmacological properties in periodontitis treatment.
PubMed: 34496558
DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.09623 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2021We have measured the volatile fingerprints of four pathogenic oral bacteria connected to periodontal disease and dental abscess: Porphyromonas gingivalis (three separate...
We have measured the volatile fingerprints of four pathogenic oral bacteria connected to periodontal disease and dental abscess: Porphyromonas gingivalis (three separate strains), Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens and Tannerella forsythia. Volatile fingerprints were measured in vitro from the headspace gas of the bacteria cultured on agar. Concrete identification of new and previously reported bacterial volatiles were performed by a combination of solid phase microextraction (SPME) and offline gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We also studied the effect of the reduced electric field strength (E/N) on the fragmentation patterns of bacterial volatiles in online proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS). We aimed to discover possible new biomarkers for the studied oral bacteria, as well as to validate the combination of GC-MS and PTR-MS for volatile analysis. Some of the most promising compounds produced include: 1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1MeTIQ), indole, and a cascade of sulphur compounds, such as methanethiol, dimethyl disulphide (DMDS) and dimethyl trisulphide (DMTS). We also found that several compounds, especially alcohols, aldehydes and esters, fragment significantly with the PTR-MS method, when high E/N values are used. We conclude that the studied oral bacteria can be separated by their volatile fingerprints in vitro, which could have importance in clinical and laboratory environments. In addition, using softer ionization conditions can improve the performance of the PTR-MS method in the volatile analysis of certain compounds.
Topics: Bacteria; Biomarkers; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Mouth; Protons; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 34413397
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96287-7 -
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2021Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common hereditary autoinflammatory disease. We aimed to investigate the oral health status and oral hygiene habits in...
BACKGROUND
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common hereditary autoinflammatory disease. We aimed to investigate the oral health status and oral hygiene habits in children with FMF.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, 199 children with FMF, aged between 3-18 years, were included. Demographic findings and oral hygiene habits of children were questioned by face-to-face interview. Oral health status of patients was evaluated using decay-missing-filled index [DMFT (decay-missing-filled teeth), DMFS (decay-missing-filled teeth) for permanent; dmft, dmfs for primary teeth], the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II) index, PUFA / pufa index [the presence of severely decayed teeth with visible pulpal involvement (P/p), ulceration caused by dislocated tooth fragments (U/u), fistula (F/f) and abscess (A/a)], gingival (GI) and plaque index (PI). In addition to these, occlusion, oral soft and hard tissues were examined.
RESULTS
One-hundred-nine (54.8%) of children had at least one decayed permanent tooth and 81.2% of children had at least one decayed primary tooth. The mean DMFT was 1.91±2.45, DMFS was 3.1±4.49, dmft was 3.95±3.54, dmfs was 8.62±8.88, PI was 1.17±0.44, GI was 0.85±0.39. Aphthous mouth ulcer occurred in 19 (9.5%) patients. Recurrent aphthous mouth ulcers were more frequent among patients with one exon-ten and one exon-two mutations than patients with one exon-10 mutation, two exon-ten mutations, or two exon-2 mutations (61.1% vs. 47.9%, 26.1%, 20%, respectively p < 0.001). Tooth decay was more frequent among patients who had attacks in the last six months than those who did not have any attacks during the last six months (97.4% vs. 87.7%, p=0.017).
CONCLUSION
Dental caries and periodontal disease, which are public health problems, were seen at a high percentage of children with FMF in our study.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Caries; Familial Mediterranean Fever; Health Status; Humans; Oral Health; Prevalence; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 34254489
DOI: 10.24953/turkjped.2021.03.011 -
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 2021Here, the authors present the clinical case of a 45-year-old woman with a diagnosis of a chronic periodontal abscess of the tooth #8. After atraumatic dental extraction...
Here, the authors present the clinical case of a 45-year-old woman with a diagnosis of a chronic periodontal abscess of the tooth #8. After atraumatic dental extraction and bone regeneration with the use of platelet-rich fibrin and bone graft, the area showed excellent bone regeneration with adequate stability of the soft tissue, even 4 months after the surgery.
PubMed: 34220161
DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_283_20 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2021In this study, we aimed to explore the trends among dentists in the Dominican Republic of providing antibiotic prescriptions to pregnant/breastfeeding dental patients. A...
In this study, we aimed to explore the trends among dentists in the Dominican Republic of providing antibiotic prescriptions to pregnant/breastfeeding dental patients. A survey was conducted among 98 dentists, using a self-administered questionnaire, about their knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotic usage in pregnant/lactating women and the translation of these into practice. The majority of the survey population were female dentists (63.3%) aged 45-54 years. A chi-square test showed statistically significant differences in the knowledge sources between older and younger dentists, with a minority having chosen scientific literature as a source (-value of 0.04). There were statistically significant associations between gender and certain attitudes and practice-based questions, with -values of 0.04 and 0.01, respectively. The Spearman's correlation test showed a statistically significant correlation between knowledge and attitude (-value 0.001), whereas no correlation was found with practice (-value 0.23). A multiple response analysis showed that the majority of the respondents chose the second and third trimester for antibiotic prescriptions for acute conditions such as cellulitis, periodontal abscess, and pericoronitis. Most dentists had sufficient knowledge about antibiotic usage in pregnant/lactating women, but it did not translate into practice, and a certain proportion of the participants followed incongruent drug prescription. These findings can be used to focus on judicious antibiotic usage by dentists in the Dominican Republic.
PubMed: 34205115
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10060668 -
Therapeutics and Clinical Risk... 2021In general dental conditions such as dental caries and periodontal disease, a combination of adverse conditions can cause potentially life-threatening periodontal...
In general dental conditions such as dental caries and periodontal disease, a combination of adverse conditions can cause potentially life-threatening periodontal abscess. We treated a patient in whom an oral infection developed into septic shock, resulting in patient death. A 78-year-old woman experienced spontaneous pain around a moving tooth. Pus discharge was observed, the area was sterilized, and an analgesic was prescribed. A few days later, the swelling spread to the buccal region leading to difficulty while eating. Upon systemic status and blood examination at our dental hospital, depressed consciousness due to dehydration and septic shock were suspected. Oxygenation and infusion of acetate linger with antibiotics were immediately performed. Furthermore, a blood examination revealed malnutrition and a severe infection; therefore, the patient was transferred to a nearby general hospital. However, the patient died the next day because of advanced disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure. When an oral infection is suspected in an elderly patient, antibiotics should be quickly administered, the patient's local and systemic state should be confirmed, and sterilization should be performed daily. If no improvement is observed, medical attention should be quickly sought.
PubMed: 33911872
DOI: 10.2147/TCRM.S286764 -
Journal of Dental Sciences Mar 2021
PubMed: 33854732
DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.01.007 -
International Journal of Critical... 2020Patients on Type 2 biologics, such as etanercept, are at increased risk for aggressive infections. This may be further exacerbated by concomitant systemic corticosteroid...
Patients on Type 2 biologics, such as etanercept, are at increased risk for aggressive infections. This may be further exacerbated by concomitant systemic corticosteroid use or comorbidities such as diabetes. We report a case of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis on etanercept with poor dentition and periodontal disease, who developed parotitis with peritonsillar abscess and descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) with periaortic abscess arising from a periapical abscess. Morbidity and mortality of such infections is high. A multimodal assessment and treatment team is required to optimize patient survival and outcomes. This manuscript discusses the diagnostic and treatment challenges of DNM of immunocompromised patients.
PubMed: 33850833
DOI: 10.4103/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_75_20