-
Journal of Clinical Neurology (Seoul,... May 2024
PubMed: 38627227
DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2023.0300 -
BMJ Case Reports Apr 2024We report the case of a young, immunocompetent, non-pregnant woman diagnosed with acute abdomen 3 weeks after an ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR)....
We report the case of a young, immunocompetent, non-pregnant woman diagnosed with acute abdomen 3 weeks after an ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR). Peritoneal fluid, obtained during exploratory laparoscopy, yielded as the sole pathogen. The patient's symptoms and signs improved after 24-hour treatment with intravenous clindamycin, ampicillin and gentamycin. Complete resolution was achieved with oral doxycycline for 14 days.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mycoplasma hominis; Oocyte Donation; Doxycycline; Clindamycin; Peritonitis; Mycoplasma Infections
PubMed: 38627052
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-257835 -
Folia Microbiologica Jun 2024Following the COVID-19 infection, the sternum dislocation and wound dehiscence resulted in an infection complicating the recovery of an immunosuppressed patient after...
Following the COVID-19 infection, the sternum dislocation and wound dehiscence resulted in an infection complicating the recovery of an immunosuppressed patient after bilateral lung transplantation. Anaerobic culture (96 h) of milky cloudy wound secretion resulted in the growth of pinpoint haemolytic colonies identified as Metamycoplasma hominis (formerly Mycoplasma hominis). The search for the endogenous source of the infection found the bacterium exclusively in the patient's sputum, making a possible link to donor lung M. hominis colonization. Unfortunately, the donor samples were no longer available. The wound infection was successfully treated with 17 days of clindamycin despite the continuous PCR detection of M. hominis in the sputum after the end of the treatment.
Topics: Humans; Lung Transplantation; Surgical Wound Infection; Mycoplasma hominis; Mycoplasma Infections; Male; COVID-19; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Sputum; Middle Aged; SARS-CoV-2; Immunocompromised Host; Clindamycin
PubMed: 38625660
DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01160-5 -
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Mycoplasma hominis (MH), the three most common treatable bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs)...
PURPOSE
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Mycoplasma hominis (MH), the three most common treatable bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide can lead to many complications if remain untreated. Screening of high-risk population with highly sensitive methods will lead to significant improvement in patient outcomes and will prevent downward transmission. The advantages of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay are not only high sensitivity and specificity, but also detection of multiple organisms in a single reaction which reduce the result turn-around time. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of a multiplex PCR assay method targeting 16S rRNA gene for simultaneous detection of NG, CT and MH infection along with their trend and occurrence among high-risk population in Assam, Northeast India.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was undertaken, where a total of 200 randomly selected patients from high-risk population were included. After validation of singleplex PCR, Multiplex PCR (M-PCR) was performed along with the traditional culture method for NG.
RESULTS & CONCLUSION
The overall agreement of M-PCR with singleplex PCR was very high (100%). The occurrence of STI was found to be very high (101/200; 50.5%). Furthermore, co-infection was detected in 10/200; 5%) individuals. Infection was more common among young individuals (p < 0.05) and males out-numbered females (p < 0.05). The most common organism detected was CT (42/200; 21%) followed by NG (41/200; 20.5%) and MH (20/200; 10%). The M-PCR assay workflow is simple, cost effective and can be used in routine diagnostic laboratories with basic molecular facilities.
Topics: Humans; Sensitivity and Specificity; India; Female; Male; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; Young Adult; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Mycoplasma hominis; Adolescent; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma Infections
PubMed: 38621502
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100592 -
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Apr 2024The association of genital Mollicutes infection transition with adverse pregnancy outcomes was insignificant among general pregnant women, but there remains a paucity of...
Transition of the genital mollicutes from the second to the third trimester of pregnancy and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM women: a prospective, single-center cohort study from China.
BACKGROUND
The association of genital Mollicutes infection transition with adverse pregnancy outcomes was insignificant among general pregnant women, but there remains a paucity of evidence linking this relationship in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) women. The aim was to investigate the association between genital Mollicutes infection and transition and adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM women, and to explore whether this association still exist when Mollicutes load varied.
METHODS
We involved pregnant women who attended antenatal care in Chongqing, China. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, we conducted a single-center cohort study of 432 GDM women with pregnancy outcomes from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021. The main outcome was adverse pregnancy outcomes, including premature rupture of membrane (PROM), fetal distress, macrosomia and others. The exposure was Mollicutes infection, including Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) and Mycoplasma hominis (Mh) collected in both the second and the third trimesters, and testing with polymerase chain reaction method. The logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between Mollicutes infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
RESULTS
Among 432 GDM women, 241 (55.79%) were infected with genital Mollicutes in either the second or third trimester of pregnancy. At the end of the pregnancy follow-up, 158 (36.57%) participants had adverse pregnancy outcomes, in which PROM, fetal distress and macrosomia were the most commonly observed adverse outcomes. Compared with the uninfected group, the Mollicutes (+/-) group showed no statistical significant increase in PROM (OR = 1.05, 95% CI:0.51 ∼ 2.08) and fetal distress (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.31 ∼ 3.91). Among the 77 participants who were both Uu positive in the second and third trimesters, 38 participants presented a declined Uu load and 39 presented an increased Uu load. The Uu increased group had a 2.95 odds ratio (95% CI: 1.10~8.44) for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Mollicutes infection and transition during trimesters were not statistically associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM women. However, among those consistent infections, women with increasing Uu loads showed increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. For GDM women with certain Mollicutes infection and colonization status, quantitative screening for vaginal infection at different weeks of pregnancy was recommended to provide personalized fertility treatment.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Pregnancy Outcome; Diabetes, Gestational; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; Fetal Macrosomia; Cohort Studies; Tenericutes; Prospective Studies; Fetal Distress; Weight Gain; Genitalia
PubMed: 38570745
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06418-x -
Journal of Infection and Public Health May 2024Pyometra is a disease characterized by the collection of pus in the uterus. The clinical characteristics and etiology of pyometra have not been sufficiently described....
BACKGROUND
Pyometra is a disease characterized by the collection of pus in the uterus. The clinical characteristics and etiology of pyometra have not been sufficiently described. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics, epidemiology, outcomes, and risk factors of septic shock in patients with pyometra.
METHODS
Patients with pyometra admitted to one of four university-affiliated hospitals between January 2010 to August 2022 were enrolled. Pyometra cases associated with peripartum infection and surgical site infection were excluded. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of pyometra were described, and pyometra patients with or without septic shock were compared.
RESULTS
A total of 192 patients was included. Twenty-eight-day all-cause mortality was 5.0%, and the 1-year recurrence rate was 6.3%. Median patient age was 77.5 years. The two most common symptoms were abdominal pain (49.0%) and vaginal discharge (47.9%). Escherichia coli (40.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.7%), and Streptococcus spp.(16.0%) were the pathogens most frequently isolated by conventional culture; those isolated from polymerase chain reaction were Mycoplasma hominis (48.0%), and Ureaplasma spp. (32.0%). In multivariable analysis, fever, uterine perforation, and dementia were associated with increased incidence of septic shock, while vaginal discharge was associated with a lower incidence of septic shock.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that pyometra is a unique gynecological infectious syndrome in post-menopausal individuals. The most common associated pathogens are similar to those involved in urinary tract infections rather than those of sexually transmitted diseases. Decreased cognitive function could delay early diagnosis of pyometra and lead to septic shock and higher mortality.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Cohort Studies; Escherichia coli; Pyometra; Risk Factors; Shock, Septic; Vaginal Discharge; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 38554592
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.03.019 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024This study investigates the complex interplay among genital infections, antibiotic usage, and preterm birth. This study aims to identify common genital pathogens...
This study investigates the complex interplay among genital infections, antibiotic usage, and preterm birth. This study aims to identify common genital pathogens associated with preterm births, assess the impact of various antibiotic treatments on pregnancy outcomes, and understand antibiotic resistance patterns among these pathogens. This study included 71 pregnant women who experienced preterm birth and 94 women with genital infections who delivered at term. Various maternal characteristics, medical history, signs and symptoms, gestational weight, gestational age, type of birth, vaginal pH, Nugent scores, and vaginal flora were analyzed. Antibiotic resistance patterns of isolated microorganisms were also examined. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and genital herpes was significantly higher in the preterm group. Preterm births were associated with fever, pelvic pain, vaginal spotting, and fatigue. Vaginal pH levels and Nugent scores were significantly higher in the preterm group, indicating disturbed vaginal flora. The presence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) was a particularly strong risk factor, increasing by more than four times the odds of preterm birth (OR = 4.45, = 0.001). Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE) presence was another critical factor, with a four-fold increase in the odds of preterm birth (OR = 4.01, = 0.034). The overall presence of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) organisms significantly increased the odds of preterm birth (OR = 3.73, = 0.001). Specific pathogens like (OR = 3.12, = 0.020) and (OR = 3.64, = 0.006) were also identified as significant risk factors. also showed a significantly higher risk of preterm birth (OR = 2.76, = 0.009). This study highlights the importance of screening for and treating genital infections during pregnancy, especially STDs and genital herpes, as they can significantly increase the risk of preterm birth. Additionally, the presence of specific microorganisms and antibiotic resistance patterns plays an essential role in preterm birth risk. Early detection and targeted antibiotic treatment may help mitigate this risk and improve pregnancy outcomes.
PubMed: 38534675
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030240 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Feb 2024Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma parvum have been recently linked to sexually transmitted diseases and other conditions. There are a limited number of studies conducted...
INTRODUCTION
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma parvum have been recently linked to sexually transmitted diseases and other conditions. There are a limited number of studies conducted on South African pregnant women that have assessed the prevalence and risk factors for genital mycoplasmas.
METHODOLOGY
This study included 264 HIV infected pregnant women attending the King Edward VIII antenatal clinic in eThekwini, South Africa. DNA was extracted using the PureLink Microbiome kit and pathogens were detected using the TaqMan Real-time PCR assays. The statistical data analysis was conducted in a freely available Statistical Computing Environment, R software, version 3.6.3 using the RStudio platform.
RESULTS
The prevalence of M. hominis and U. parvum, was 215/264 (81.4%), and 203/264 (76.9%), respectively. In the M. hominis positive group, a significantly (p = 0.004) higher proportion, 80.5% tested positive for U. parvum infection when compared to 61.2% among the M. hominis negative. Of the U. parvum positive women, a significantly (p = 0.004) higher proportion of women (85.2%) tested positive for M. hominis when compared to 68.9% among the U. parvum negative. In the unadjusted and adjusted analysis, being M. hominis positive increased the risk for U. parvum by approximately 3 times more (p = 0.014) and 4-fold (p = 0.008), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed a significant link between M. hominis and U. parvum infection. To date, there are a limited number of studies that have investigated M. hominisbeing a risk factor for U. parvum infection. Therefore, the data presented in the current study now fills in this gap in the literature.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Mycoplasma hominis; Pregnant Women; HIV; Mycoplasma Infections; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma Infections; Ureaplasma urealyticum
PubMed: 38484352
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17316 -
Investigative and Clinical Urology Mar 2024Non-gonococcal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) include chlamydia, syphilis, and chancroids. Chlamydia is the most common STI caused by and is mainly transmitted... (Review)
Review
2023 Korean sexually transmitted infections guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infection (chlamydia, syphilis, etc.) by the Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation.
Non-gonococcal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) include chlamydia, syphilis, and chancroids. Chlamydia is the most common STI caused by and is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse or vertical transmission at birth. Although symptoms are mostly absent or mild, untreated chlamydial infections in females can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility due to the narrowing of fallopian tubes. Syphilis is caused by and is divided into phase I, phase II, latent syphilis, and phase III. The incidence of syphilis, including congenital syphilis, has significantly increased in the United States in recent years. The chronic status of this disease can significantly increase morbidity and potentially affect almost all body organs, which, in rare cases, can lead to death. Additionally, untreated maternal syphilis can lead to fetal death and fatal congenital infections in newborns. Chancroid is an STI caused by , and its prevalence is gradually decreasing in Korea and worldwide. The symptoms include shallow genital ulcers with suppurative granulomatous inflammation and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy. Chancroids can be differentiated from syphilitic chancres based on their appearance. In contrast to painless chancres, chancroids are painful. , , and are considered symbiotic bacteria. Infections caused by these bacteria are usually not considered STIs and do not require treatment unless they are suspected of being associated with infertility. This article presents the 2023 Korean STI guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infections.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Bacterial Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Infertility; Inflammation; Republic of Korea; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Syphilis
PubMed: 38454820
DOI: 10.4111/icu.20230322 -
Microorganisms Feb 2024This study conducted a detailed analysis of the vaginal microbiota in pregnant women to explore its correlation with preterm birth (PTB) outcomes. The primary objective...
This study conducted a detailed analysis of the vaginal microbiota in pregnant women to explore its correlation with preterm birth (PTB) outcomes. The primary objective was to identify microbial variations associated with increased PTB risk. Secondary objectives included investigating how changes in microbial composition relate to the local immune environment and PTB. Utilizing a retrospective case-control design, the study involved pregnant women with liveborn infants between 2019 and 2023. In total, 89 women who delivered preterm and 106 term deliveries were included. Data collection focused on third-trimester vaginal cultures. Statistically significant differences were observed between the preterm and full-term groups in several areas. The median white blood cell count (10.2 × 10/mm vs. 7.6 × 10/mm, = 0.009) and neutrophil count (7.2 × 10/mm vs. 5.1 × 10/mm, < 0.001) were higher in the preterm group. Vaginal pH was also elevated in preterm births (5.6 vs. 4.4, < 0.001), with a higher prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (29.2% vs. 12.3%, = 0.001) as indicated by the Nugent Score. The study noted a significant association of PTB with the presence of spp. (OR = 1.84, = 0.018), (OR = 2.29, = 0.003), (OR = 1.97, = 0.007), and (OR = 2.43, = 0.001). Conversely, a reduction in spp. correlated with a decreased PTB risk (OR = 0.46, = 0.001). The study provides compelling evidence that specific vaginal microbiota components, particularly certain pathogenic bacteria and an altered Lactobacillus profile, are significantly associated with PTB risk. These findings highlight the potential of targeting microbial factors in strategies aimed at reducing PTB rates. Further research is necessary to fully understand the complex interplay between microbial dynamics, host immunity, and PTB outcomes.
PubMed: 38399821
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020417