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Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Jun 2024To highlight recent data on HPV infection and cervical precancerous lesions in adolescents with HIV, and priorities for primary and secondary HPV prevention.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To highlight recent data on HPV infection and cervical precancerous lesions in adolescents with HIV, and priorities for primary and secondary HPV prevention.
RECENT FINDINGS
Incident and persistent high-risk HPV infections and cervical abnormalities are higher among young women with perinatally acquired HIV compared to their HIV-negative peers; data on HPV among males with perinatally acquired HIV are scarce. HPV vaccination is highly effective in preventing HPV-related disease, but antibody titers may decline in people with HIV. It remains unclear if emerging recommendations to reduce vaccine schedules from three doses to two or one dose are appropriate for children and adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV. Due to higher risks of HPV-related cancers, screening guidelines for cervical cancer differ in their frequency and age at initiation for women with HIV, but there are no recommendations for women with perinatally acquired HIV; nor for anal cancer screening for men with perinatally acquired HIV.
SUMMARY
Data on the effectiveness of reduced HPV vaccine schedules in children and adolescents with HIV are needed. Implementation research to guide strategies for vaccination, screening, and treatment should include children, adolescents, and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV to ensure they are not left behind.
PubMed: 38935056
DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000868 -
Indian Journal of Public Health Oct 2023
Gay and Bisexual Men too should not be Left Out/Deprived of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination in "Cervical Cancer Elimination Programme" in Countries with a High Prevalence of HIV.
Topics: Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Vaccines; HIV Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Female; Prevalence; Sexual and Gender Minorities; India; Homosexuality, Male; Human Papillomavirus Viruses
PubMed: 38934843
DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_1646_22 -
International Forum of Allergy &... Jun 2024Intralesional cidofovir injections in combination with surgery is an effective treatment for recurrent multifocal sinonasal exophytic papilloma. No malignant...
Intralesional cidofovir injections in combination with surgery is an effective treatment for recurrent multifocal sinonasal exophytic papilloma. No malignant transformation has been observed in our experience. Anosmia is a potential side effect that patients should be aware of.
PubMed: 38934682
DOI: 10.1002/alr.23399 -
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Jun 2024The early and rapid identification of psychosomatic symptoms is crucial to prevent harmful outcomes in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in busy...
INTRODUCTION
The early and rapid identification of psychosomatic symptoms is crucial to prevent harmful outcomes in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in busy comprehensive clinics. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and rapid screening method of the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research-revised (DCPR) syndromes in patients with HPV infection.
METHODS
A total of 504 participants underwent a clinical assessment that included DCPR, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), fear of disease, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The prevalence of DCPR syndromes and DSM-5 diagnoses were compared between the HPV-positive and negative patients using χ2 tests. We explored the rapid screen indicator through multiple logistic regression analyses of the participants' psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
RESULTS
The incidence of DCPR syndromes in HPV-positive patients (56.6%) was significantly greater than that in HPV-negative patients (17.3%) and DSM-5 diagnoses (8.5%) in the HPV-positive group. Health anxiety, irritable mood, type A behavior, and demoralization were the most common psychosomatic syndromes in HPV-positive patients. As the degree of fear increased from 0 to 5 to 10, the risk of DCPR increased from 1.27 (95% CI: 0.21-7.63) to 3.24 (score range: 1-5, 95% CI: 1.01-10.39) to 9.91 (score range: 6-10, 95% CI: 3.21-30.62) in the HPV-positive group.
CONCLUSION
The degree of fear, as an independent risk factor, could be used to quickly screen outpatients with a high risk of DCPR syndrome among women with HPV infection.
PubMed: 38934157
DOI: 10.1159/000539471 -
Heliyon Jun 2024Young sexual minority men (SMM) bear the greatest burden of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. We assessed anal HPV genotype discordance between the Linear...
INTRODUCTION
Young sexual minority men (SMM) bear the greatest burden of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. We assessed anal HPV genotype discordance between the Linear Array (LA) and SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25 (LiPA25).
METHODS
Discordance was assessed between LA and LiPA25 using self-collected anal swabs from 120 SMM aged 18-29 who were recruited in 2014-2016. Multiple-type infection was explored as a potential confounder of testing agreement, along with clinical and behavioral factors such as HIV status, syphilis status, incarceration history, health insurance coverage, having 3 or more sex partners in the past 6 months, and co-infection with HPV-16.
RESULTS
Significant discordance was found for HPV-6, -11, -16, -31, -42, -54, and -59. Exploratory analyses suggest higher prevalence of genotype discordance in those living with HIV, those with 3 or more sex partners, and those who were positive for 4 or more HPV types.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results highlight the importance of HPV detection methods which may inform different interpretations of research assessing anal HPV natural history among SMM at highest risk for HPV.
PubMed: 38933939
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32336 -
Journal of Medical Virology Jun 2024Integration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) genome into the cellular genome is a key event that leads to constitutive expression of viral oncoprotein E6/E7 and drives...
Integration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) genome into the cellular genome is a key event that leads to constitutive expression of viral oncoprotein E6/E7 and drives the progression of cervical cancer. However, HPV integration patterns differ on a case-by-case basis among related malignancies. Next-generation sequencing technologies still face challenges for interrogating HPV integration sites. In this study, utilizing Nanopore long-read sequencing, we identified 452 and 108 potential integration sites from the cervical cancer cell lines (CaSki and HeLa) and five tissue samples, respectively. Based on long Nanopore chimeric reads, we were able to analyze the methylation status of the HPV long control region (LCR), which controls oncogene E6/E7 expression, and to identify transcriptionally-active integrants among the numerous integrants. As a proof of concept, we identified an active HPV integrant in between RUNX2 and CLIC5 on chromosome 6 in the CaSki cell line, which was supported by ATAC-seq, H3K27Ac ChIP-seq, and RNA-seq analysis. Knockout of the active HPV integrant, by the CRISPR/Cas9 system, dramatically crippled cell proliferation and induced cell senescence. In conclusion, identifying transcriptionally-active HPV integrants with Nanopore sequencing can provide viable targets for gene therapy against HPV-associated cancers.
Topics: Humans; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Female; Nanopore Sequencing; Virus Integration; Genetic Therapy; Papillomavirus Infections; Cell Line, Tumor; HeLa Cells; Oncogene Proteins, Viral; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Papillomaviridae; Human Papillomavirus Viruses
PubMed: 38932482
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29769 -
Journal of Medical Virology Jun 2024
PubMed: 38932452
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29560 -
Vaccines Jun 2024Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent cause of mucosal and cutaneous infections and underlying conditions ranging from benign warts to anogenital and oropharyngeal...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent cause of mucosal and cutaneous infections and underlying conditions ranging from benign warts to anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers affecting both males and females, notably cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths among women globally and is the most impactful in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the costs of screening and licensed L1-based HPV vaccines pose significant barriers to comprehensive administration. Additionally, the licensed L1-based HPV vaccines fail to protect against all oncogenic HPV types. This study generated three independent lots of an L2-based target antigen (LBTA), which was engineered from conserved linear L2-protective epitopes (aa11-88) from five human alphapapillomavirus genotypes in under cGMP conditions and adjuvanted with aluminum phosphate. Vaccination of rabbits with LBTA generated high neutralizing antibody titers against all 17 HPV types tested, surpassing the nine types covered by Gardasil9. Passive transfer of naïve mice with LBTA antiserum revealed its capacity to confer protection against vaginal challenge with all 17 αHPV types tested. LBTA shows stability at room temperature over >1 month. Standard and toxicology studies suggest a promising safety profile. These findings suggest LBTA's promise as a next-generation vaccine with comprehensive coverage aimed at reducing the economic and healthcare burden of cervical and other HPV+ cancers in LMICs, and it has received regulatory approval for a first-in-human clinical study (NCT05672966).
PubMed: 38932417
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060689 -
Vaccines Jun 2024During acute respiratory infections, women may concurrently receive human papillomavirus (HPV) and respiratory vaccines, as observed during the coronavirus disease 2019...
During acute respiratory infections, women may concurrently receive human papillomavirus (HPV) and respiratory vaccines, as observed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China. However, few studies have assessed the safety of such concurrent administration, which could impact HPV vaccination schedules. This study analyzes the safety and optimal sequence of concurrent HPV and COVID-19 vaccinations. For this purpose, we surveyed women with both vaccines from January to October 2023 in Fujian Province, China. During this process, we collected vaccination history and adverse event (AE) data via telephone or interviews. Participants were grouped as Before, Concurrent, or After based on their vaccination sequence. A Chi-squared test, exact Fisher tests, and logistic regression were used to analyze the incidence of AEs and factors influencing vaccine safety. Overall, 1416 eligible participants were included. Although overall AE risk with the HPV vaccine was unaffected by vaccination sequence, individual AEs varied statistically between groups, including pain at the vaccination site ( < 0.001) and prolonged menstruation duration ( = 0.003). Based on the results, the optimal sequence would be to receive the HPV vaccine after the COVID-19 vaccine (After group). This insight may guide future emergency vaccination sequences for HPV and other respiratory infectious diseases.
PubMed: 38932402
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060673 -
Vaccines Jun 2024It was to understand HPV vaccination patterns, uptake, perceptions, and sexual risk factors in students at a Midwest public university. Students were enrolled during...
It was to understand HPV vaccination patterns, uptake, perceptions, and sexual risk factors in students at a Midwest public university. Students were enrolled during the spring 2024 semester at the University of Iowa. A survey was developed and emailed to 28,095 students asking demographic, general and sexual health, and HPV-related questions. The response rate was 4.9%, with 76% females and a median age of 22. The HPV vaccine uptake was 82%, with 88% recommending the vaccine. Parental preference was the main reason for being unvaccinated. The median age of sexual debut was 17 years, with a median of 2 sexual partners. Vaccination was associated with female, health science, sexually active, and COVID-19/influenza vaccinated students. HPV vaccine uptake at University of Iowa students is higher than the national and Iowa averages. Increased education regarding HPV vaccination is still needed, particularly in males, those not having sex, and those not receiving other vaccines.
PubMed: 38932400
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060671