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Acta Neurologica Belgica Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Prosopagnosia; Temporal Lobe; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System
PubMed: 36622525
DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02185-2 -
Behavior Research Methods Dec 2023Developmental prosopagnosia is characterized by severe, lifelong difficulties when recognizing facial identity. Unfortunately, the most common diagnostic assessment...
Developmental prosopagnosia is characterized by severe, lifelong difficulties when recognizing facial identity. Unfortunately, the most common diagnostic assessment (Cambridge Face Memory Test) misses 50-65% of individuals who believe that they have this condition. This results in such excluded cases' absence from scientific knowledge, effect sizes of impairment potentially overestimated, treatment efficacy underrated, and may elicit in them a negative experience of research. To estimate their symptomology and group-level impairments in face processing, we recruited a large cohort who believes that they have prosopagnosia. Matching prior reports, 56% did not meet criteria on the Cambridge Face Memory Test. However, the severity of their prosopagnosia symptoms and holistic perception deficits were comparable to those who did meet criteria. Excluded cases also exhibited face perception and memory impairments that were roughly one standard deviation below neurotypical norms, indicating the presence of objective problems. As the prosopagnosia index correctly classified virtually every case, we propose it should be the primary method for providing a diagnosis, prior to subtype categorization. We present researchers with a plan on how they can analyze these excluded prosopagnosia cases in their future work without negatively impacting their traditional findings. We anticipate such inclusion will enhance scientific knowledge, more accurately estimate effect sizes of impairments and treatments, and identify commonalities and distinctions between these different forms of prosopagnosia. Owing to their atypicalities in visual perception, we recommend that the prosopagnosia index should be used to screen out potential prosopagnosia cases from broader vision research.
Topics: Humans; Prosopagnosia; Recognition, Psychology; Visual Perception; Facial Recognition; Pattern Recognition, Visual
PubMed: 36459376
DOI: 10.3758/s13428-022-02017-w -
Journal of Autism and Developmental... Dec 2023Autism traits are common exclusionary criteria in developmental prosopagnosia (DP) studies. We investigated whether autism traits produce qualitatively different face...
Autism traits are common exclusionary criteria in developmental prosopagnosia (DP) studies. We investigated whether autism traits produce qualitatively different face processing in 43 DPs with high vs. low autism quotient (AQ) scores. Compared to controls (nā=ā27), face memory and perception were similarly deficient in the high- and low-AQ DPs, with the high-AQ DP group additionally showing deficient face emotion recognition. Task-based fMRI revealed reduced occipito-temporal face selectivity in both groups, with high-AQ DPs additionally demonstrating decreased posterior superior temporal sulcus selectivity. Resting-state fMRI showed similar reduced face-selective network connectivity in both DP groups compared with controls. Together, this demonstrates that high- and low-AQ DP groups have very similar face processing deficits, with additional facial emotion deficits in high-AQ DPs.
Topics: Humans; Facial Recognition; Prosopagnosia; Autistic Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pattern Recognition, Visual
PubMed: 36173532
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05705-w -
British Journal of Neurosurgery Aug 2023A 42-year-old lady presented with acute aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and developed difficulty recognising faces (prosopagnosia), inability to process visual...
A 42-year-old lady presented with acute aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and developed difficulty recognising faces (prosopagnosia), inability to process visual information in busy environments (simultagnosia) and difficulty to read (alexia). She was subsequently found to have superficial siderosis on MRI.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Alexia, Pure; Siderosis; Agraphia; Dyslexia; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
PubMed: 31790281
DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2019.1687848