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Environmental Microbiology Nov 2023While investigating aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs (AAP) from Lake Winnipeg's bacterial community, over 500 isolates were obtained. Relatives of 20 different species...
While investigating aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs (AAP) from Lake Winnipeg's bacterial community, over 500 isolates were obtained. Relatives of 20 different species were examined simultaneously, identifying conditions for optimal growth or pigment production to determine features that may unify this group of phototrophs. All were distributed among assorted α-Proteobacterial families including Erythrobacteraceae, Sphingomonadaceae, Sphingosinicellaceae, Acetobacteraceae, Methylobacteriaceae, and Rhodobacteraceae. Major phenotypic characteristics matched phylogenetic association, including pigmentation, morphology, metal transformations, tolerances, lipid configurations, and enzyme activities, which distinctly separated each taxonomic family. While varying pH and temperature had a limited independent impact on pigment production, bacteriochlorophyll synthesis was distinctly promoted under low nutrient conditions, whereas copiotrophy repressed its production but enhanced carotenoid yield. New AAP diversity was also reported by revealing strains related to non-phototrophic Rubellimicrobium and Sphingorhabdus, as well as spread throughout Roseomonas, Sphingomonas, and Methylobacterium/Methylorubrum, which previously only had a few known photosynthetic members. This study exemplified the overwhelming diversity of AAP in a single aquatic environment, confirming cultivation continues to be of importance in microbial ecology to discover functionality in both new and previously reported cohorts of bacteria as specific laboratory conditions were required to promote aerobic bacteriochlorophyll production.
Topics: Humans; Bacteriochlorophylls; Phylogeny; Bacteria, Aerobic; Ecosystem; Photosynthesis; Alphaproteobacteria
PubMed: 37604501
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16482 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Oct 2023Four novel Gram-stain negative bacteria, designated as HAJ6, PWR1, SG15 and SSH11, were isolated from the soil sample of paddy fields from Goyang in the Republic of...
Neoroseomonas alba sp. nov., Neoroseomonas nitratireducens sp. nov., Paraoseomonas indoligenes sp. nov and Paraoseomonas baculiformis sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of paddy soil.
Four novel Gram-stain negative bacteria, designated as HAJ6, PWR1, SG15 and SSH11, were isolated from the soil sample of paddy fields from Goyang in the Republic of Korea. The isolated strains were aerobic, short-rod or rod shaped, non-sporulating. They grew optimally at 30 °C, pH 7 and without additional NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that they belong to the genus of Neoroseomonas and Pararoseomonas and closely relate to Neoroseomonas terrae DS-48 (97.5%; HJA6), Neoroseomonas rubea MO17 (99.4%; PWR1), Pararoseomonas pecuniae N75 (97.3%; SG15) and Pararoseomonas rosea 173-96 (97.8%; SSH11). The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values of the isolates with the most closely related strains were 72.9-90.9% and 19.1-42.5%, respectively. The major fatty acids in the isolates were C, C cyclo ω8c, C 2-OH and summed feature 8 (composed of C ω7c and/or C ω6c), and the predominant quinone was ubiquinone 10. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and other unidentified polar lipids. Based on the draft genome sequences, the genomic DNA G + C content of HAJ6, PWR1, SG15 and SSH11 were 69.5%, 72.0%, 70.8% and 69.7%, respectively. All isolates produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a type of plant growth hormone in the presence of -tryptophan. Physiological and biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequence analysis clearly revealed that the isolates were novel species belonging to the genus Neoroseomonas and Pararoseomonas. Their proposed names were as follows: Neoroseomonas alba sp. nov. for strain HJA6 (= KACC 21545 = NBRC 114316), Neoroseomonas nitratireducens sp. nov. for strain PWR1 (= KCTC 82687 = NBRC 114490), Pararoseomonas indoligenes sp. nov. for strain SG15 (= KCTC 82686 = NBRC 114481) and Paraoseomonas baculiformis sp. nov. for strain SSH11 (= KCTC 82685 = NBRC 11482).
Topics: Rhizosphere; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Cardiolipins; Coloring Agents
PubMed: 37587352
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01863-8 -
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2024Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic, relapsing, and remitting inflammatory skin disorder associated with cutaneous dysbiosis. Current treatment options often fail to... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, 16-Week Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of FB-401 in Children, Adolescents, and Adult Subjects (Ages 2 Years and Older) with Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis.
BACKGROUND
Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic, relapsing, and remitting inflammatory skin disorder associated with cutaneous dysbiosis. Current treatment options often fail to adequately control the disease and have unfavorable safety profiles. There is a need for new options that address these treatment shortcomings.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of FB-401, a live therapeutic product of 3 strains of Roseomonas mucosa, compared to matching placebo applied topically 3 times per week to participants ages ≥2 years of age with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis.
METHODS
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants with 50% improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index score from baseline at week 16. 154 subjects aged 2 or older with a clinical diagnosis of atopic dermatitis as defined by Hanifin and Rajka criteria with mild or moderate severity were randomized 1:1 via interactive web response system to FB-401 or placebo.
RESULTS
The proportion of subjects who achieved the primary outcome was similar between both treatment groups, with no significant treatment group differences observed at any post-baseline visit. The number of treatment-emergent adverse events and the number of subjects with at least one were similar across treatment groups. One serious adverse event not related to treatment was reported. No treatment-emergent adverse events led to treatment discontinuation or study discontinuation.
CONCLUSIONS
FB-401 showed an acceptable safety profile but failed to prove superior to placebo in treating children and adults with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis.
Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; Adolescent; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Atopic; Treatment Outcome; Severity of Illness Index; Administration, Cutaneous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Double-Blind Method
PubMed: 37579728
DOI: 10.1159/000532054 -
Folia Microbiologica Feb 2024The effectiveness of Methylobacterium symbioticum in maize and strawberry plants was measured under different doses of nitrogen fertilisation. The biostimulant effect of...
The effectiveness of Methylobacterium symbioticum in maize and strawberry plants was measured under different doses of nitrogen fertilisation. The biostimulant effect of the bacteria was observed in maize and strawberry plants treated with the biological inoculant under different doses of nitrogen fertiliser compared to untreated plants (control). It was found that bacteria allowed a 50 and 25% decrease in the amount of nitrogen applied in maize and strawberry crops, respectively, and the photosynthetic capacity increased compared with the control plant under all nutritional conditions. A decrease in nitrate reductase activity in inoculated maize plants indicated that the bacteria affects the metabolism of the plant. In addition, inoculated strawberry plants grown with a 25% reduction in nitrogen had a higher concentration of nitrogen in leaves than control plants under optimal nutritional conditions. Again, this indicates that Methylobacterium symbioticum provide an additional supply of nitrogen.
Topics: Zea mays; Fragaria; Methylobacterium; Nitrogen; Photosynthesis; Crops, Agricultural
PubMed: 37526803
DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01078-4 -
Improvement of growth, yield and associated bacteriome of rice by the application of probiotic and .Frontiers in Microbiology 2023Plant probiotic bacteria enhance growth and yield of crop plants when applied at the appropriate time and dose. Two rice probiotic bacteria, strain BRRh-4 and sp....
Plant probiotic bacteria enhance growth and yield of crop plants when applied at the appropriate time and dose. Two rice probiotic bacteria, strain BRRh-4 and sp. strain BTL-M2 promote growth and yield of plants. However, no information is available on application of these two bacteria on growth, yield, and diversity and population of bacteriome in roots and rhizosphere soils of the treated rice plants. This study aimed to assess the effect of BRRh-4 and BTL-M2 application on growth, yield and bacteriome in roots and rhizosphere soil of rice under varying doses of N, P and K fertilizers. Application of BRRh-4 and BTL-M2 strains significantly ( < 0.05) increased seed germination, growth and yield of rice compared to an untreated control. Interestingly, the grain yield of rice by these bacteria with 50% less of the recommended doses of N, P, and K fertilizers were statistically similar to or better than the rice plants treated with 100% doses of these fertilizers. Targeted amplicon (16S rRNA) sequence-based analysis revealed significant differences (PERMANOVA, = 0.00035) in alpha-diversity between the root (R) and rhizosphere soil (S) samples, showing higher diversity in the microbial ecosystem of root samples. Additionally, the bacteriome diversity in the root of rice plants that received both probiotic bacteria and chemical fertilizers were significantly higher (PERMANOVA, = 0.0312) compared to the rice plants treated with fertilizers only. Out of 185 bacterial genera detected, , an anaerobic and Gram-negative bacterium, was found to be the predominant genus in both rhizosphere soil and root metagenomes. However, the relative abundance of remained two-fold higher in the rhizosphere soil metagenome (52.02%) than in the root metagenome (25.04%). The other predominant bacterial genera detected in the rice root metagenome were (11.07%), (4.06%), (3.91%), (2.97%), (2.61%), and (2.30%). On the other hand, rhizosphere soil metagenome had (12.38%), (9.50%), (5.94%), (3.40%), and (3.02%). Interestingly, we found the presence and/or abundance of specific genera of bacteria in rice associated with the application of a specific probiotic bacterium. Taken together, our results indicate that improvement of growth and yield of rice by strain BRRh-4 and sp. strain BTL-M2 is likely linked with modulation of diversity, structures, and signature of bacteriome in roots and rhizosphere soils. This study for the first time demonstrated that application of plant growth promoting bacteria significantly improve growth, yield and increase the diversity of bacterial community in rice.
PubMed: 37520368
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1212505 -
Fish & Shellfish Immunology Aug 2023Berberine (BBR) is known for its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and capacity to preserve intestinal microbiota balance in fish. This study aimed to investigate...
Dietary berberine against intestinal oxidative stress, inflammation response, and microbiota disturbance caused by chronic copper exposure in freshwater grouper (Acrossocheilus fasciatus).
Berberine (BBR) is known for its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and capacity to preserve intestinal microbiota balance in fish. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of berberine against copper-induced toxicity in the intestine of freshwater grouper Acrossocheilus fasciatus. The experiment involved four groups: a control group, a Cu group exposed to 0.02 mg/L Cu, and two BBR groups fed with 100 or 400 mg/kg of berberine diets and exposed to the same Cu concentration. Three replicates of healthy fish (initial weight 1.56 ± 0.10 g) were subjected to their respective treatments for 30 days. Results showed that none of the treatments significantly affected the survival rate, final weight, weight gain, and feed intake (P > 0.05). However, supplementation with 100 and 400 mg/kg of BBR significantly lowered the antioxidant activities, and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) and superoxide dismutase (sod) expression levels, as well as reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content caused by Cu exposure (P < 0.05). Berberine inclusion significantly downregulated proinflammatory factors NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (nlrp3), interleukin 1 beta (il1β), interleukin 6 cytokine family signal transducer (il6st) but upregulated transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgfβ1) and heat shock 70 kDa protein (hsp70) expression. Moreover, berberine at both levels maintained the intestinal structural integrity and significantly improved gap junction gamma-1 (gjc1) mRNA level compared to the Cu group (P < 0.05). Based on 16S rDNA sequencing, the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota in different groups were not significantly influenced. Berberine reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio and stifled the growth of some specific pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Citrobacter, and Acinetobacter, while boosting the richness of potential probiotic bacteria, including Roseomonas and Reyranella compared with the Cu group. In conclusion, berberine showed significant protective effects against Cu-induced intestinal oxidative stress, inflammation response, and microbiota disturbance in freshwater grouper.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Copper; Berberine; Bass; Oxidative Stress; Intestines; Diet; Cyprinidae; Inflammation; Microbiota
PubMed: 37385463
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108910 -
Fish & Shellfish Immunology Aug 2023Aeromonas hydrophila frequently has harmful effects on aquatic organisms. The intestine is an important defense against stress. In this study, we investigated the...
Aeromonas hydrophila frequently has harmful effects on aquatic organisms. The intestine is an important defense against stress. In this study, we investigated the intestinal microbiota and transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of Cyprinus carpio subjected to A. hydrophila infection. The results showed that obvious variation in the intestinal microbiota was observed after infection, with increased levels of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and decreased levels of Proteobacteria. Several genera of putatively beneficial microbiota (Cetobacterium, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus) were abundant, while Demequina, Roseomonas, Rhodobacter, Pseudoxanthomonas, and Cellvibrio were decreased; pathogenic bacteria of the genus Vibrio were increased after microbiota infection. The intestinal transcriptome revealed several immune-related differentially expressed genes associated with the cytokines and oxidative stress. The metabolomic analysis showed that microbiota infection disturbed the metabolic processes of the carp, particularly amino acid metabolism. This study provides insight into the underlying mechanisms associated with the intestinal microbiota, immunity, and metabolism of carp response to A. hydrophila infection; eleven stress-related metabolite markers were identified, including N-acetylglutamic acid, capsidiol, sedoheptulose 7-phosphate, prostaglandin B1, 8,9-DiHETrE, 12,13-DHOME, ADP, cellobiose, 1H-Indole-3-carboxaldehyde, sinapic acid and 5,7-dihydroxyflavone.
Topics: Animals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Transcriptome; Carps; Aeromonas hydrophila; Intestines; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Fish Diseases
PubMed: 37271325
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108876 -
Chemosphere Sep 2023Rare earth elements (REE) are valuable raw materials in our modern life. Extensive REE application from electronic devices to medical instruments and wind turbines, and...
Rare earth elements (REE) are valuable raw materials in our modern life. Extensive REE application from electronic devices to medical instruments and wind turbines, and non-uniform distribution of these resources around the world, make them strategically and economically important for countries. Current REE physical and chemical mining and recycling methods could have negative environmental consequences, and biologically-mediated techniques could be applied to overcome this issue. In this study, the bioextraction of cerium oxide and neodymium oxide nanoparticles (REE-NP) by a pure culture Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 (ATCC®14718™) was investigated in batch experiments. Results show that adding up to 1000 ppm CeO or NdO nanoparticles (REE-NP) did not seem to affect the bacterial growth over 14-days contact time. Effect of methylamine hydrochloride as an essential electron donor and carbon source for microbial oxidation and growth was also observed inasmuch as there was approximately no growth when it does not exist in the medium. Although very low concentrations of cerium and neodymium in the liquid phase were measured, concentrations of 45 μg/g Ce and 154 μg/g Nd could be extracted by M. extorquens AM1. Furthermore, SEM-EDS and STEM-EDS confirmed surface and intracellular accumulation of nanoparticles. These results confirmed the ability of M. extorquens to accumulate REE nanoparticles.
Topics: Neodymium; Methylobacterium extorquens; Cerium; Metals, Rare Earth; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 37270036
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139113 -
The Science of the Total Environment Aug 2023Many studies have demonstrated that climate change affects the biogeochemical cycle of pollutants, but the mechanisms of arsenic (As) biogeochemical processes under high...
Many studies have demonstrated that climate change affects the biogeochemical cycle of pollutants, but the mechanisms of arsenic (As) biogeochemical processes under high CO levels are unknown. Here, rice pot experiments were carried out to explore the underlying mechanisms of the impacts of elevated CO on the reduction and methylation processes of As in paddy soils. The results revealed that elevated CO might increase As bioavailability and promote As(V)-to-As(III) transformation in the soil as well as higher As(III) and dimethyl arsenate (DMA) accumulation in rice grains, thus increasing health risk. In As-contaminated paddy soil, two key genes involved in the biotransformation of As (arsC and arsM) and associated host microbes were identified as being significantly promoted by increasing CO levels. Elevated CO enriched the soil microbes harboring arsC (Bradyrhizobiaceae and Gallionellaceae), which aided in the reduction of As(V) to As(III). Simultaneously, elevated CO enriched soil microbes harboring arsM (Methylobacteriaceae and Geobacteraceae), allowing As(V) to be reduced to As(III) and then methylated to DMA. The findings of the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILTR) assessment suggested that elevated CO exacerbated the individual adult ILTR from rice food As(III) consumption by 9.0 % (p < 0.05). These findings show that elevated CO aggravates the exposure risk of As(III) and DMA in rice grains by changing microbial populations involved in As biotransformation in paddy soils.
Topics: Arsenic; Methylation; Soil; Carbon Dioxide; Oryza; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 37201836
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164240 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Aug 2023Certain f-block elements-the lanthanides-have biological relevance in the context of methylotrophic bacteria. The respective strains incorporate these 4 f elements...
Certain f-block elements-the lanthanides-have biological relevance in the context of methylotrophic bacteria. The respective strains incorporate these 4 f elements into the active site of one of their key metabolic enzymes, a lanthanide-dependent methanol dehydrogenase. In this study, we investigated whether actinides, the radioactive 5 f elements, can replace the essential 4 f elements in lanthanide-dependent bacterial metabolism. Growth studies with Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV and the Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 ΔmxaF mutant demonstrate that americium and curium support growth in the absence of lanthanides. Moreover, strain SolV favors these actinides over late lanthanides when presented with a mixture of equal amounts of lanthanides together with americium and curium. Our combined in vivo and in vitro results establish that methylotrophic bacteria can utilize actinides instead of lanthanides to sustain their one-carbon metabolism if they possess the correct size and a +III oxidation state.
Topics: Lanthanoid Series Elements; Americium; Curium; Methanol; Methylobacterium extorquens; Bacterial Proteins
PubMed: 37074219
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303669