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BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Restorative materials are in prolonged contact with living tissues such as oral mucosa, dentin, pulp, periodontal, and periapical tissues. Therefore, the potentially... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Restorative materials are in prolonged contact with living tissues such as oral mucosa, dentin, pulp, periodontal, and periapical tissues. Therefore, the potentially harmful effects of these materials and their components on oral tissues should be evaluated before clinical use. This study aimed to compare the cell viability of different adhesive systems (ASs) on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).
METHODS
Three ASs that combining methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) monomer with new hydrophilic amide monomers [Clearfil Universal Bond Quick(CUBQ), Kuraray Noritake], self-reinforcing 3D monomer [Bond Force II(BFII), Tokuyama)], and dual-cure property [Futurabond DC(FBDC), VOCO] were used. Three (n = 3) samples were prepared for each group. Dental pulp stem cells were isolated from ten patients' extracted third molar teeth. Samples were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) for 24 h (h), 72 h, and 7 days (d) to obtain extracts. For the control group, cells were cultured without DBA samples. Cell viability of ASs extracts was measured using a cell proliferation detection kit (WST-1, Roche). Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and post-hoc (Duncan) tests (p < 0.05).
RESULTS
At 24 and 72 h statistically significant differences were determined between control and BFII, control and FBDC groups (p < 0.05), while no differences between control and CUBQ groups (p > 0.05). On the 7th d, statistically significant differences were found between the control and experimental groups (p < 0.05), while no differences between experimental groups (p > 0.05). A statistically significant difference was detected for the BFII group over the three-time interval (p < 0.05). The lowest cell viability was observed for the FBDC group at 24 h, and the difference was statistically significant when compared with 72 h and 7th d (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
All ASs showed different cell viability values at various exposure times. It should be taken into consideration that pH values, as well as the contents of ASs, have a significant effect on the cell viability.
Topics: Humans; Dental Pulp; Cell Survival; Stem Cells; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Time Factors; Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 38849812
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04438-9 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024This study investigated the effect of carbodiimide (EDC) combined with Clearfil SE self-etch adhesive on the shear bond strength (SBS), crosslinking degree, denaturation...
BACKGROUND
This study investigated the effect of carbodiimide (EDC) combined with Clearfil SE self-etch adhesive on the shear bond strength (SBS), crosslinking degree, denaturation temperature, and enzyme activity of dentin in vitro.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Collected human sound third molars were randomly divided into different groups with or without EDC treatment (0.01-1 M). The specimens (n = 16)were stored for 24 h (immediate) or 12 months (aging) before testing the SBS. Fine dentin powder was obtained and treated with the same solutions. Then the crosslinking degree, denaturation temperature (Td), and enzyme activity were tested. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the differences of data between groups (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
There was a significant drop in immediate SBS and more adhesive fracture of 1.0 M EDC group, while there were no significant differences among the other groups. SEM showed a homogeneous interface under all treatments. After 12 months of aging, the SBS significantly decreased. Less decreases of SBS in the 0.3 and 0.5 M groups were found. Due to thermal and enzymatical properties consideration, the 0.3 and 0.5 M treatments also showed higher cross-link degree and Td with lower enzyme activity.
CONCLUSION
0.3 and 0.5 M EDC may be favorable for delaying the aging of self-etch bond strength for 12 months. But it is still needed thoroughly study.
Topics: Humans; Carbodiimides; Resin Cements; Shear Strength; Materials Testing; Dentin; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Dental Stress Analysis; Cross-Linking Reagents; Dental Bonding; In Vitro Techniques; Acid Etching, Dental; Molar, Third; Temperature; Time Factors; Surface Properties
PubMed: 38849778
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04415-2 -
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics May 2024This study aimed to establish a single-session associative protocol for non-restorative management of dentin hypersensitivity (DH).
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to establish a single-session associative protocol for non-restorative management of dentin hypersensitivity (DH).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-four individuals with DH and a minimum sensitivity level of 4 on the visual analog scale (VAS) were selected. The study was conducted in a split-mouth design, with each participant ( = 20) having at least 1 affected tooth in all quadrants. The management protocols consisted of control group: universal adhesive, Neural Desensitizing Protocol group: 5% potassium nitrate, Mixed Desensitizing Protocol (PAM) group: 5% sodium fluoride and 5% potassium nitrate, Remineralizing Desensitizing Protocol (PDR) group: surface-partially reacted glass technology photopolymerizable varnish. Evaluations were performed immediately after application, at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, and 12 months using the VAS sensitivity test.
RESULTS
The scores were subjected to statistical analysis using the Friedman test ( < 0.05), Durbin-Conover test ( < 0.05), and Wilcoxon test ( < 0.05). At the 12-month evaluation, all groups showed statistically significant differences compared to the initial assessment. For the evaluation after 12 months, there was a statistically significant difference between the PAM group, the control group, and the PDR group.
CONCLUSIONS
It can be concluded that all groups were effective in controlling DH, but there were significant results in the control group and PDR group. The clinical relevance of this study is to demonstrate that the application of single-session desensitizing protocols can be effective in controlling DH for up to 12 months.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry Identifier: RBR-4r63d7s.
PubMed: 38841389
DOI: 10.5395/rde.2024.49.e15 -
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics May 2024This study evaluated the impact of different methods of irrigant agitation on smear layer removal in the apical third of curved mesial canals of 3 dimensionally (D)...
OBJECTIVES
This study evaluated the impact of different methods of irrigant agitation on smear layer removal in the apical third of curved mesial canals of 3 dimensionally (D) printed mandibular molars.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty 3D-printed mandibular second molars were used, presenting a 70° curvature and a Vertucci type II configuration in the mesial root. A round cavity was cut 2 mm from the apex using a trephine of 2 mm in diameter, 60 bovine dentin disks were made, and a smear layer was formed. The dentin disks had the adaptation checked in the apical third of the teeth with wax. The dentin disks were evaluated in environmental scanning electron microscope before and after the following irrigant agitation methods: G1(PIK Ultrasonic Tip), G2 (Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation with Irrisonic- PUI), G3 (Easy Clean), G4 (HBW Ultrasonic Tip), G5 (Ultramint X Ultrasonic tip), and G6 (conventional irrigation-CI) ( = 10). All groups were irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
RESULTS
All dentin disks were 100% covered by the smear layer before treatment, and all groups significantly reduced the percentage of the smear layer after treatment. After the irrigation protocols, the Ultra-X group showed the lowest coverage percentage, statistically differing from the conventional, PIK, and HBW groups ( < 0.05). There was no significant difference among Ultramint X, PUI-Irrisonic, and Easy Clean ( > 0.05). None of the agitation methods could remove the smear layer altogether.
CONCLUSIONS
Ultramint X resulted in the most significant number of completely clean specimens.
PubMed: 38841384
DOI: 10.5395/rde.2024.49.e12 -
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics May 2024This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of relined and non-relined fiberglass posts when cemented to root canal dentin using a conventional...
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of relined and non-relined fiberglass posts when cemented to root canal dentin using a conventional dual-cure resin cement or a self-adhesive resin cement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two types of resin cements were utilized: conventional and self-adhesive. Additionally, 2 cementation protocols were employed, involving relined and non-relined fiberglass posts. In total, 72 bovine incisors were cemented and subjected to push-out bond strength testing ( = 10) followed by failure mode analysis. The cross-sectional microhardness ( = 5) was assessed along the root canal, and interface analyses ( = 3) were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data from the push-out bond strength and cross-sectional microhardness tests were analyzed via 3-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni test (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
For non-relined fiberglass posts, conventional resin cement exhibited higher push-out bond strength than self-adhesive cement. Relined fiberglass posts yielded comparable results between the resin cements. Type II failure was the most common failure mode for both resin cements, regardless of cementation protocol. The use of relined fiberglass posts improved the cross-sectional microhardness values for both cements. SEM images revealed voids and bubbles in the incisors with non-relined fiberglass posts.
CONCLUSIONS
Mechanical properties were impacted by the cementation protocol. Relined fiberglass posts presented the highest push-out bond strength and cross-sectional microhardness values, regardless of the resin cement used (conventional dual-cure or self-adhesive). Conversely, for non-relined fiberglass posts, the conventional dual-cure resin cement yielded superior results to the self-adhesive resin cement.
PubMed: 38841382
DOI: 10.5395/rde.2024.49.e18 -
Cureus May 2024Dentin dysplasia Type 1 (DD1) is an uncommon inherited condition marked by structural irregularities in dentin, leading to notable dental abnormalities. Clinically,...
Dentin dysplasia Type 1 (DD1) is an uncommon inherited condition marked by structural irregularities in dentin, leading to notable dental abnormalities. Clinically, patients typically present with generalized slight yellowish discoloration and tooth mobility, while radiographic examination often reveals a reduced pulp chamber with the absence of pulp stones, a hallmark feature of DD1. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach including extraction of affected teeth, direct sinus lift procedure bilaterally, implant placement, and subsequent fixed prosthesis placement. In a recent case, after six months, a patient demonstrated improved oral health-related quality of life with stabilized implant-supported prostheses providing functional and esthetic benefits. This emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in managing DD1, underscoring the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach in enhancing oral function and esthetics. Further research is warranted to deepen our understanding of the genetic basis of this condition and develop targeted therapies.
PubMed: 38840992
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59697 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Margin designs and loading conditions can impact the mechanical characteristics and survival of endocrowns. Analyzing the stress distribution of endocrowns with various... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Margin designs and loading conditions can impact the mechanical characteristics and survival of endocrowns. Analyzing the stress distribution of endocrowns with various margin designs and loading conditions can provide evidence for their clinical application.
METHODS
Three finite element analysis models were established based on the margin designs: endocrown with a butt-joint type margin (E0), endocrown with a 90° shoulder (E90), and endocrown with a 135° shoulder (E135). The E0 group involved lowering the occlusal surface and preparing the pulp chamber. The E90 group created a 90° shoulder on the margin of model E0, measuring 1.5 mm high and 1 mm wide. The E135 group featured a 135° shoulder. The solids of the models were in fixed contact with each other, and the materials of tooth tissue and restoration were uniform, continuous, isotropic linear elasticity. Nine static loads were applied, with a total load of 225 N, and the maximum von Mises stresses and stress distribution were calculated for teeth and endocrowns with different margin designs.
RESULTS
Compared the stresses of different models under the same loading condition. In endocrowns, when the loading points were concentrated on the buccal side, the maximum von Mises stresses were E0 = E90 = E135, and when there was a lingual loading, they were E0 < E90 = E135. In enamel, the maximum von Mises stresses under all loading conditions were E0 > E90 > E135. In dentin, the maximum von Mises stresses of the three models were basically similar except for load2, load5 and load9. Compare the stresses of the same model under different loading conditions. In endocrowns, stresses were higher when lingual loading was present. In enamel and dentin, stresses were higher when loaded obliquely or unevenly. The stresses in the endocrowns were concentrated in the loading area. In enamel, stress concentration occurred at the cementoenamel junction. In particular, E90 and E135 also experienced stress concentration at the shoulder. In dentin, the stresses were mainly concentrated in the upper section of the tooth root.
CONCLUSION
Stress distribution is similar among the three margin designs of endocrowns, but the shoulder-type designs, especially the 135° shoulder, exhibit reduced stress concentration.
Topics: Finite Element Analysis; Humans; Stress, Mechanical; Dental Stress Analysis; Dental Prosthesis Design; Crowns; Biomechanical Phenomena; Dentin
PubMed: 38840138
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04422-3 -
BDJ Open Jun 2024The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of combining primers and cements from two different resin cement systems on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS)...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of combining primers and cements from two different resin cement systems on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) between zirconia and human dentin.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 120 specimens of zirconia cemented to dentin were allocated into eight groups based on cement type (RelyX Ultimate or Panavia V5) and primers (Tooth Primer, Clearfil Ceramic Primer and Scotchbond Universal Adhesive) combinations, applied to dentin or ceramic surfaces. Following artificial aging with 5000 thermocycles, μTBS tests were conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (p ≤ 0.05), and failure modes were assessed.
RESULTS
The Panavia V5 cement system demonstrated the highest bond strength (19.4 ± 4.4 MPa), significantly higher than the other groups except when RelyX cement was used with Panavia primers (16.9 ± 3.7 MPa). Cohesive fractures within the cement layer were the predominant failure mode.
CONCLUSIONS
The combination of primers from different adhesive cement system brands may significantly affect the bonding effectiveness. Therefore, using products from a single product line of the same adhesive cement system, and following the manufacturer's recommendations for indications and use, is crucial for a more predictable clinical outcome.
PubMed: 38839781
DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00230-7 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2024This study aimed to evaluate the bond strength of a universal adhesive to dentin (μTBS) using different time periods of airborne particle abrasion (APA) and two types...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the bond strength of a universal adhesive to dentin (μTBS) using different time periods of airborne particle abrasion (APA) and two types of acid etching.
METHODS
Seventy-two human third molars were divided into 9 groups (n=8) according to dentin pretreatment: APA duration (0, 5, or 10s) and acid etching (no acid - NA, 37% phosphoric acid - PhoA, or 1% phytic acid - PhyA). APA was performed at a 0.5 cm distance and air pressure of 60 psi using 50 μm aluminum oxide particles. Afterwards, two coats of Single Bond Universal adhesive (3M) were applied to the dentin surface. Composite blocks were built using the incremental technique, sectioned into 1×1 mm slices and subjected to microtensile bond strength (μTBS) testing. Fracture patterns and surface topography of each dentinal pretreatment were evaluated using a Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bond strength data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests.
RESULTS
The group that received pretreatment with 5s APA and PhoA presented higher μTBS values among all groups, which was statistically different when compared with the PhoA, 10APA+PhoA, and 5APA+PhyA groups. PhyA did not significantly influence the bond strength of the air-abraded groups. Finally, adhesive failure was considered the predominant failure in all groups.
CONCLUSION
Dentin pretreated by airborne particle abrasion using aluminum oxide demonstrated an increase in bond strength when abraded for 5 seconds and conditioned with phosphoric acid in a universal adhesive system.
PubMed: 38835853
DOI: 10.2147/CCIDE.S456826 -
Journal of Oral Biology and... 2024Root resorption poses a significant challenge in dental practice, with external cervical resorption (ECR) being a common manifestation. ECR is often asymptomatic until...
INTRODUCTION
Root resorption poses a significant challenge in dental practice, with external cervical resorption (ECR) being a common manifestation. ECR is often asymptomatic until advanced stages, complicating its diagnosis and management. Various factors contribute to its etiology, ranging from trauma to orthodontic treatment. The classification system proposed by Patel et al. (2018) offers a comprehensive framework for characterizing ECR lesions based on location and extent. Treatment strategies for ECR involve a combination of endodontic intervention and restorative techniques, with bioactive materials like mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine emerging as promising options. However, the biomechanical behavior of teeth restored with these materials in the context of ECR remains underexplored.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study utilized finite element analysis (FEA) to assess stress distribution in teeth with simulated ECR lesions of varying sizes and locations, restored with MTA or Biodentine. Three-dimensional models of maxillary central incisors were generated based on CBCT scans, incorporating periodontal ligament and surrounding bone structures. Eight experimental models representing different ECR configurations were created and subjected to FEA using Optistruct software based on dimensional classification given by Patel et al., in 2018, A70 M & A70B: 1Ap, A130 M & A130B: 1Bp, B70 M & B70B: 2Ap, B130 M & B130B: 2Bp. All the models were tested for stress distribution by restoring the lesions with either M: MTA or B: Biodentine. Oblique load of 100 N was applied at 45°angle to the long axis 2 mm lingual to incisal edge. vonMises Stress distribution in enamel, dentine, restoration and at all the interfaces were observed.
RESULTS
The analysis revealed that both MTA and Biodentine restorations exhibited uniform stress distribution around ECR lesions, with no significant differences based on lesion location or size. Maximum stress concentrations were observed around the restorations, particularly in subcrestal lesions. However, overall stress levels were comparable between MTA and Biodentine restorations, indicating similar biomechanical performance.
CONCLUSION
Finite element analysis provides valuable insights into the biomechanical behavior of teeth with ECR lesions restored with MTA and Biodentine. Both materials exhibit similar stress distribution patterns and offer adequate reinforcement against mechanical forces. Clinicians can confidently utilize MTA or Biodentine in the management of ECR, considering their favorable biomechanical properties and clinical outcomes. Further research is necessary to validate these findings and optimize treatment protocols for ECR.
PubMed: 38832294
DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.04.012