-
IDCases 2024Kaposi sarcoma is an indolent angio-proliferative spindle- cell tumor derived from endothelial and immune cells infected with Human herpes virus type 8(HHV-8). In the...
Kaposi sarcoma is an indolent angio-proliferative spindle- cell tumor derived from endothelial and immune cells infected with Human herpes virus type 8(HHV-8). In the era of highly active antiretroviral (HAART), Kaposi sarcoma is a rare form of initial presentation of HIV infection [1]. The author presents a case of diffuse gingival hypertrophied Kaposi sarcoma in 18-year-old male newly diagnosed RVI patient. After confirming the diagnosis patient started on HAART and mouth care. Surgical excision is the first line of treatment with HAART, since this patient has low CD4 count of 30 cells/mm3 which will complicate the surgery. So, we are waiting for CD4 count to increase above 200 cells/mm3 to undergo surgical excision. The case is representative of HIV complexity and aimed to bring awareness of unusual presentation of HIV.This case also reminds us how important early initiation of HAART is.
PubMed: 38947560
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02003 -
Clinical Case Reports Jul 2024VEXAS syndrome (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) is a novel autoinflammatory syndrome. We describe a case of VEXAS syndrome with upper airway...
VEXAS syndrome (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) is a novel autoinflammatory syndrome. We describe a case of VEXAS syndrome with upper airway and oral cavity involvement which are not well described in the literature.
PubMed: 38947541
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.9126 -
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society Jul 2024The aim of this study was to compare the marginal fit of prefabricated occlusal veneers with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)-milled zirconia... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A comparative evaluation of marginal fit and microleakage of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing-milled zirconia and prefabricated posterior occlusal veneers: An in vitrostudy.
AIMS
The aim of this study was to compare the marginal fit of prefabricated occlusal veneers with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)-milled zirconia occlusal veneers in the posterior teeth.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
Forty extracted human maxillary premolars were divided into two groups of 20 each. Group 1 was prepared to receive prefabricated occlusal veneers, and Group 2 was prepared to receive CAD-CAM-milled zirconia occlusal veneers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Prefabricated samples (Edelweiss) were selected for Group 1, whereas for Group 2, the tooth preparations were scanned, and occlusal veneers were fabricated using Exocad designing software and milling machine. After luting, both the groups were submerged in dye, sectioned, and evaluated for marginal fit and microleakage under a stereomicroscope using the microscope imaging software and its measurement tool.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Data collected were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 27.0. Intragroup and intergroup comparison was done using the Mann-Whitney U test. The Chi-square test was applied to check the depth of penetration of dye based on percentages.
RESULTS
The marginal gap of zirconia occlusal veneers fabricated with CAD-CAM is higher compared to that of prefabricated occlusal veneers. Similarly, the depth of penetration of dye is higher in CAD-CAM-milled zirconia occlusal veneers than prefabricated occlusal veneers.
CONCLUSION
The marginal fit of prefabricated occlusal veneer is better than the marginal fit of zirconia occlusal veneers fabricated with CAD-CAM. Similarly, it can also be concluded that the microleakage of prefabricated occlusal veneer is less compared to the CAD-CAM-milled zirconia occlusal veneers.
Topics: Dental Veneers; Zirconium; Computer-Aided Design; Humans; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Dental Leakage; Dental Prosthesis Design; In Vitro Techniques; Bicuspid
PubMed: 38946505
DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_346_23 -
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society Jul 2024The aim of this umbrella review was to systematically review the systematic reviews on antagonist enamel wear opposing zirconia crowns compared to other ceramics and...
AIM
The aim of this umbrella review was to systematically review the systematic reviews on antagonist enamel wear opposing zirconia crowns compared to other ceramics and natural enamel.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
This was an umbrella review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic search of PubMed, Cochrane Central, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar search engines for articles published from January 1, 2013, to January 1, 2023, was conducted using keywords "enamel wear," "zirconia," "feldspathic," "dental ceramics," and "Y-TZP" to identify systematic reviews on antagonist enamel wear opposing zirconia crowns compared to other ceramics and natural enamel.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Qualitative analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 86 articles were obtained through electronic search, of which four articles were selected after abstract screening that met the inclusion criteria for evaluating antagonist enamel wear. As compared to feldspathic groups, zirconia had substantially less antagonist wear, while surface polishing exhibited less enamel wear than glazing. Because of the heterogeneity in study design, measurement methods, and outcome variables, a meta-analysis was not possible.
CONCLUSIONS
Over time, the opposing enamel wear caused by polished monolithic zirconia will be either equal to or less than that of natural enamel wear. Polished monolithic zirconia also maintains lower values of enamel wear compared to metal ceramics, feldspathic porcelains, and lithium disilicate.
Topics: Humans; Ceramics; Crowns; Dental Enamel; Tooth Wear; Zirconium
PubMed: 38946503
DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_32_24 -
Dental Materials Journal Jun 2024Laboratory evidence has shown that 45S5 bioglass can help in dental remineralization, so its incorporation into resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) has been...
Laboratory evidence has shown that 45S5 bioglass can help in dental remineralization, so its incorporation into resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) has been studied. This randomized clinical trial aimed to determine the efficacy of RMGIC enriched with 10% 45S5 bioglass (RMGIC/45S5) in preventing the progression of moderate caries lesions. Sixty-six permanent molars with moderate caries lesions, were randomly sealed with RMGIC or RMGIC/45S5. After 1, 3-6 months, patients' oral health, material behavior, and caries evolution were evaluated. Chi-square and Fisher's exact test was employed. After one month, the RMGIC showed higher total retention and better clinical performance compared to RMGIC/45S5, both showed a predominance of sealed teeth or without caries progression. After 6 months, no materials retention, quality and caries progression difference was observed for both materials. Short-term clinical follow-up reveals worse retention and quality of RMGIC/45S5, only after 6 months no clinical/microscopic differences are observed between the materials.
PubMed: 38945864
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-261 -
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Jun 2024Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) was one of the most common infectious disease in the past few decades. After 2013, coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) has replaced enterovirus...
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) was one of the most common infectious disease in the past few decades. After 2013, coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) has replaced enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), becoming the predominant pathogen responsible for HFMD in many areas in China. The objective of this study is to investigate the genetic characteristics and molecular epidemiology of CVA6 in Linyi from 2022 to 2023. A total of 965 HFMD cases were enrolled in this study and analyses based on VP1 nucleotide sequences were performed to determine the evolutionary trajectory of CVA6. In 2022, 281 (281/386, 72.8%) were positive for enterovirus (EVs), and 217 (217/281, 77.2%) were CVA6 positive. In 2023, 398 (398/579, 68.7%) samples were positive for EVs, and 243 (243/398, 61.1%) were CVA6 positive. Six sequences were selected from each year for the homology analysis. The results showed that 12 strains isolated in Linyi were far from the prototype strain (AY421764) and the first CVA6 strain reported in China (JQ364886). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the CVA6 strains isolated in Linyi all belonged to D3 subgenotype. CVA6 is emerging as a common pathogen causing HFMD in Linyi, and continuous surveillance of HFMD etiological agents is necessary.
PubMed: 38945859
DOI: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2024.072 -
Virologica Sinica Jun 2024Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), mainly caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71), have frequently occurred in the Asia-Pacific region, posing a significant threat to the...
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), mainly caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71), have frequently occurred in the Asia-Pacific region, posing a significant threat to the health of infants and young children. Therefore, research on the infection mechanism and pathogenicity of enteroviruses is increasingly becoming important. The 3D polymerase, as the most critical RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) for EV71 replication, is widely targeted to inhibit EV71 infection. In this study, we identified a novel host protein, AIMP2, capable of binding to 3D polymerase and inhibiting EV71 infection. Subsequent investigations revealed that AIMP2 recruits the E3 ligase SMURF2, which mediates the polyubiquitination and degradation of 3D polymerase. Furthermore, the antiviral effect of AIMP2 extended to the CVA16 and CVB1 serotypes. Our research uncovered the dynamic regulatory function of AIMP2 during EV71 infection, revealing a novel antiviral mechanism and providing new insights for the development of antienteroviral therapeutic strategies.
PubMed: 38945214
DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.06.009 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Jun 2024Mammoplasty, a common cosmetic procedure involving breast augmentation and reduction surgeries, has gained global popularity. Recently, attention has shifted towards...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Mammoplasty, a common cosmetic procedure involving breast augmentation and reduction surgeries, has gained global popularity. Recently, attention has shifted towards understanding the prevalence and significance of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms following mammoplasty. This systematic review aims to consolidate existing literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the type and frequency of GI problems associated with various mammoplasty procedures.
METHODS
A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted until January 22, 2024, identifying observational and interventional studies examining GI symptoms post-mammoplasty. Inclusion criteria covered human studies, while exclusion criteria ensured specificity. Two independent investigators performed screening, and data extraction included study characteristics, surgical procedures, anesthesia methods, and interventions.
RESULTS
Nineteen studies, involving 2,487 subjects, were included in the review. Breast reconstruction emerged as the most studied procedure, followed by breast reduction, augmentation, mastectomy, and breast cancer surgery. Predominant GI symptoms included nausea and vomiting, with varying rates across mammoplasty types. Anesthesia modality influenced symptomatology, with general, local, and combined anesthesia associated with GI disturbances. Antiemetics, notably ondansetron and droperidol, showed variable efficacy. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as preoperative hypnosis, were explored for symptom management.
CONCLUSIONS
Our systematic review reveals insights into GI symptoms post-mammoplasty, emphasizing the common occurrence of symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, alongside less frequent manifestations such as constipation, dry mouth, retching, abdominal pain, and tightness. Variations in symptom prevalence were noted across diverse mammoplasty surgeries, anesthesia methods, and the use of antiemetics, underscoring the complex nature of post-mammoplasty GI disturbances.
Topics: Humans; Mammaplasty; Female; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Adult; Prevalence
PubMed: 38944853
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-5598 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Jun 2024Apically extruded debris can be affected by some features of the file systems such as kinematics or metallurgic properties.
BACKGROUND
Apically extruded debris can be affected by some features of the file systems such as kinematics or metallurgic properties.
AIMS
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of movement kinematics (reciprocation or rotation) and heat-treated alloys (C.Wire) on the amount of debris extrusion.
METHODS
Seventy-two mesiobuccal root canals were assigned into three experimental groups related to the single-file system used (n = 24): two rotational; One Shape (Conventional Ni-Ti), One Curve (C.Wire), and one reciprocating; and One Reci (C.Wire). The file systems were used according to the advisable speed and torque according to the manufacturers' suggestion. The weight of debris was calculated by subtracting the preweights from postweights of Eppendorf tubes. Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data (P = 0.05).
RESULTS
One Shape produced the greatest amount of extruded debris compared with One Curve (P < 0.001) and One Reci (P < 0.001), respectively. No statistical difference was found between One Curve and One Reci concerning amount of apical debris extrusion (P = 0.489).
CONCLUSION
Metallurgical properties of files may affect apical debris extrusion. Alloy type is an important factor in the amount of debris extrusion. File kinematics does not affect apical debris extrusion.
Topics: Humans; Alloys; Root Canal Preparation; Hot Temperature; Biomechanical Phenomena; In Vitro Techniques; Materials Testing; Equipment Design; Nickel; Dental Pulp Cavity
PubMed: 38943303
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_889_23 -
Journal of Biomedical Science Jun 2024Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) causes Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) in children and has been associated with neurological complications. The molecular mechanisms involved...
BACKGROUND
Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) causes Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) in children and has been associated with neurological complications. The molecular mechanisms involved in EV-A71 pathogenesis have remained elusive.
METHODS
A siRNA screen in EV-A71 infected-motor neurons was performed targeting 112 genes involved in intracellular membrane trafficking, followed by validation of the top four hits using deconvoluted siRNA. Downstream approaches including viral entry by-pass, intracellular viral genome quantification by qPCR, Western blot analyses, and Luciferase reporter assays allowed determine the stage of the infection cycle the top candidate, RAB11A was involved in. Proximity ligation assay, co-immunoprecipitation and multiplex confocal imaging were employed to study interactions between viral components and RAB11A. Dominant negative and constitutively active RAB11A constructs were used to determine the importance of the protein's GTPase activity during EV-A71 infection. Mass spectrometry and protein interaction analyses were employed for the identification of RAB11A's host interacting partners during infection.
RESULTS
Small GTPase RAB11A was identified as a novel pro-viral host factor during EV-A71 infection. RAB11A and RAB11B isoforms were interchangeably exploited by strains from major EV-A71 genogroups and by Coxsackievirus A16, another major causative agent of HFMD. We showed that RAB11A was not involved in viral entry, IRES-mediated protein translation, viral genome replication, and virus exit. RAB11A co-localized with replication organelles where it interacted with structural and non-structural viral components. Over-expression of dominant negative (S25N; GDP-bound) and constitutively active (Q70L; GTP-bound) RAB11A mutants had no effect on EV-A71 infection outcome, ruling out RAB11A's involvement in intracellular trafficking of viral or host components. Instead, decreased ratio of intracellular mature viral particles to viral RNA copies and increased VP0:VP2 ratio in siRAB11-treated cells supported a role in provirion maturation hallmarked by VP0 cleavage into VP2 and VP4. Finally, chaperones, not trafficking and transporter proteins, were found to be RAB11A's top interacting partners during EV-A71 infection. Among which, CCT8 subunit from the chaperone complex TRiC/CCT was further validated and shown to interact with viral structural proteins specifically, representing yet another novel pro-viral host factor during EV-A71 infection.
CONCLUSIONS
This study describes a novel, unconventional role for RAB11A during viral infection where it participates in the complex process of virus morphogenesis by recruiting essential chaperone proteins.
Topics: rab GTP-Binding Proteins; Enterovirus A, Human; Humans; Molecular Chaperones; Virus Replication
PubMed: 38943128
DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01053-2