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Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2024Urothelial tumors characteristically occur in elderly persons, more commonly in males with typical complaints of hematuria. Although few studies attempted to describe... (Review)
Review
Urothelial tumors characteristically occur in elderly persons, more commonly in males with typical complaints of hematuria. Although few studies attempted to describe clinic-pathological features of urothelial malignancies in young patients, due to heterogeneity in the inclusion of age groups under "young patients" no reliable conclusions can be derived. Herein, we are describing an interesting case of papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential with osseous metaplasia in a 19-year-old chronic smoker young patient presented with chief complaints of abdominal pain with a review of the literature.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Young Adult; Calcinosis; Carcinoma, Papillary; Metaplasia; Smokers; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urologic Neoplasms; Urothelium
PubMed: 38358210
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_611_21 -
Biomedical Reports Jan 2024Pulmonary osseous metaplasia is a disease in which mature bone is found within the parenchyma of the lung. The current study presents a case of pulmonary osseous...
Pulmonary osseous metaplasia is a disease in which mature bone is found within the parenchyma of the lung. The current study presents a case of pulmonary osseous metaplasia in a 64-year-old female. The patient was previously diagnosed with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the lower ureter. During a routine check-up, an enhancing basal lung nodule was found on chest computed tomography scan, which was suspected to be metastatic lung disease. The patient underwent a thoracoscopic resection of the nodule. The histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed it to be myeloid osseous metaplasia. The disease usually has no significant complications and can also be found in association with other pulmonary diseases. Very limited information is available on the phenomenon; therefore, there is no exact treatment guide for clinicians to follow. In conclusion, myeloid osseous metaplasia of the lung is a rare finding, and based on this report, it may be associated with TCC.
PubMed: 38124770
DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1691 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2023A 13-year-old neutered male Korean short-hair cat presented with anorexia, lethargy, and a severely distended abdomen, suggestive of ascites. Abdominocentesis yielded...
A 13-year-old neutered male Korean short-hair cat presented with anorexia, lethargy, and a severely distended abdomen, suggestive of ascites. Abdominocentesis yielded serosanguineous fluid. A subsequent diagnostic workup, including blood tests, ascitic fluid analysis, imaging studies [radiography, ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT)], and histopathological examination, was performed to identify the underlying cause. Imaging studies revealed characteristics of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) such as peritoneal thickening, fat stranding, and calcification. During laparotomy, fibrous membranes encapsulating the abdominal organs and ascites were observed, and multiple calcified regions were detected on the abdominal wall. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of poorly differentiated invasive malignant neoplasms, which were further classified as carcinomatosis based on positive cytokeratin and negative vimentin immunohistochemistry results. To our knowledge, this is the first report of sclerosing peritoneal carcinomatosis with osseous metaplasia in a cat.
PubMed: 38105775
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1298736 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Dec 2023Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is considered the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumor cases are...
BACKGROUND
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is considered the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumor cases are located in the stomach and usually affects older adults. Most of gastrointestinal stromal tumor cases are sporadic; however, few have a syndromic association, including Carney triad, Carney-Stratakis syndrome, familial gastrointestinal stromal tumor syndrome, and neurofibromatosis type 1.
CASE PRESENTATION
Herein, we report a rare case of a 54-year-old Middle-Eastern female with multifocal gastrointestinal stromal tumor mixed type (epithelioid and spindle cell type) with osseous metaplasia. Fluoresce in situ hybridization analysis of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha revealed deletion in 42% of the tumor cells studied. Interestingly, next generation sequencing revealed platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha exon 12 mutation (p.Y555C) and exon 14 mutation (p.N659Y).
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, osseous metaplasia in GIST is a very rare event and only few cases are reported in the literature. The number of reported cases is inadequate to confirm the pathogenesis and the prognosis.
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Middle Aged; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Stomach Neoplasms; Metaplasia; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Mutation
PubMed: 38098096
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04262-9 -
Clinical Case Reports Dec 2023A rare form of invasive breast carcinoma, NOS, also known as matrix-producing carcinoma made up of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Usually, they are triple...
KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE
A rare form of invasive breast carcinoma, NOS, also known as matrix-producing carcinoma made up of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Usually, they are triple negative and clinically aggressive and respond poorly to neoadjuvant systemic therapy.
ABSTRACT
Metaplastic breast carcinomas (MBCs) are ductal carcinomas that undergo metaplasia to form nonglandular growth patterns. They are extremely rare, constituting less than 1% of all invasive breast carcinomas. Matrix-producing carcinoma is an exceedingly rare form of MBC distinguished by a ductal carcinomatous component with direct transition to areas of cartilaginous or osseous differentiation without the presence of an intervening spindle cell element. MBCs are clinically aggressive, but matrix-producing subtypes have a relatively better prognosis. The tumors are usually triple negative. Therefore, surgery and chemotherapy are the main therapeutic approaches. Our report describes this unique form of MBC with prominent osseous differentiation in a 33-year-old female patient. Its distinct histological features and peculiar clinical behavior necessitate a thorough understanding of this one-of-a-kind disease entity.
PubMed: 38089485
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8320 -
Gynecology and Minimally Invasive... 2023Endometrial osseous metaplasia (EOM) is an uncommon clinical entity with the presence of bone in the endometrium which requires clinical and therapeutic framework. It is...
Endometrial osseous metaplasia (EOM) is an uncommon clinical entity with the presence of bone in the endometrium which requires clinical and therapeutic framework. It is also described by various other names such as endometrial ossification, ectopic intrauterine bone, and heterotopic intrauterine bone. Ossification could have various locations as the cervix the ovary, and the vagina. This overview highlights the attention on the actual pivotal points of EOM.
PubMed: 38034103
DOI: 10.4103/gmit.gmit_89_22 -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Jan 2024Primary cardiac tumors in animals are very rare. The purpose of this report was to describe the first case of a cardiac tumor comprising a malignant peripheral nerve...
Primary cardiac tumors in animals are very rare. The purpose of this report was to describe the first case of a cardiac tumor comprising a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and spontaneous atrial osseous metaplasia in a Corriedale sheep. Histologically, the tumor in the bilateral atrial pericardium consisted of dense cellular components comprising tumor cells and a sparse cellular area, and non-neoplastic mature bone tissue. The tumor cells were spindle-shaped, round, or polygonal, and proliferating, with fascicular, storiform, palisading, and sheet patterns. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, S-100, occasionally positive for myeline basic protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament, neuron specific enolase, and neuron growth factor receptor suggesting that they originated from the nervous system. On the basis of these findings, the final diagnosis was a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and spontaneous atrial osseous metaplasia.
Topics: Animals; Sheep; Neurofibrosarcoma; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms; Immunohistochemistry; S100 Proteins; Heart Neoplasms; Sheep Diseases
PubMed: 37967950
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0247 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Oct 2023Osseous tissue in the endometrium is a rare find, and it is most often discovered when the patient presents with infertility. It is frequently associated with...
Osseous tissue in the endometrium is a rare find, and it is most often discovered when the patient presents with infertility. It is frequently associated with dysmenorrhea and abnormal menstrual bleedings. Although its etiology remains unclear, in almost all described cases until now, the patient has an obstetrical history. : In this report, we present a unique case of endometrial osseous metaplasia in a 27-year-old primary infertile patient. The transvaginal ultrasound revealed a 18/13/7 mm hyperechoic endometrial mass with posterior acoustic shadowing and no flow on color Doppler. A hysteroscopic examination found a polygonal calcification on the endometrial posterior face of the uterine cavity, in the corporeal isthmic region, which was extracted. The histopathological evaluation revealed microscopic elements compatible with endometrial calcification. The patient had a good postoperative course and the complex endocrinologic, immunologic and electrolytical investigation failed to prove any abnormality. Follow-up transvaginal ultrasound examinations revealed no modifications. Three years later, the patient conceived spontaneously, had an uneventful pregnancy and delivered a full-term fetus. : We assumed that this entity can be a serious cause of infertility since the patient had a long history of (primary) infertility and its resection made the pregnancy's occurrence possible. Finally, since neither history of abortion or chronic inflammation nor any abnormal laboratory test were noticed, we concluded that the etiology of this entity remained unclear.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Adult; Infertility, Female; Hysteroscopy; Ossification, Heterotopic; Endometrium; Calcinosis; Metaplasia
PubMed: 37893521
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101803 -
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica Aug 2023Bone overgrowth after decompressive surgery for lumbar stenosis resulting in recurrence of neurological signs has not been reported in veterinary literature. However,...
BACKGROUND
Bone overgrowth after decompressive surgery for lumbar stenosis resulting in recurrence of neurological signs has not been reported in veterinary literature. However, there are few cases described in human medicine.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 13-month-old entire female dog, a crossbreed between a Springer Spaniel and a Border Collie, weighing 24 kg, was referred with a 5-day history of progressive spastic paraplegia, indicative of a T3-L3 myelopathy. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a right-sided L2-L3 compressive extradural lesion, compatible with epidural haemorrhage, which was confirmed by histopathology. The lesion was approached via right-sided L2-L3 hemilaminectomy and was successfully removed. One-year postoperatively the dog re-presented with pelvic limb ataxia. MR and computed tomography (CT) images demonstrated excessive vertebral bone formation affecting the right articular processes, ventral aspect of the spinous process of L2-L3, and contiguous vertebral laminae, causing spinal cord compression. Revision surgery was performed, and histopathology revealed normal or reactive osseous tissue with a possible chondroid metaplasia and endochondral ossification, failing to identify a definitive reason for the bone overgrowth. Nine-month postoperatively, imaging studies showed a similar vertebral overgrowth, resulting in minimal spinal cord compression. The patient remained stable with mild proprioceptive ataxia up until the last follow-up 18 months post-revision surgery.
CONCLUSION
This is the first report in the veterinary literature of bone overgrowth after lumbar hemilaminectomy which resulted in neurological deficits and required a revision decompressive surgery.
Topics: Dogs; Female; Humans; Animals; Constriction, Pathologic; Spinal Cord Compression; Spinal Cord Diseases; Metaplasia; Spinal Canal; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37644545
DOI: 10.1186/s13028-023-00700-2 -
Journal of Veterinary Science Sep 2023Two Domestic Korean Shorthair cats presented with dyschezia and vomiting. Computed tomography revealed a colonic mass with calcification and lymph node metastasis in...
Two Domestic Korean Shorthair cats presented with dyschezia and vomiting. Computed tomography revealed a colonic mass with calcification and lymph node metastasis in case 1, and a small intestinal mass with disseminated mesenteric metastasis and calcification in case 2. Histopathology revealed intestinal adenocarcinoma with osseous metaplasia. Case 1 died two months after surgery from distant metastasis; and case 2 showed no metastasis for five months but presented with anorexia, euthanized seven months after diagnosis. Metastatic intestinal adenocarcinoma with bone formation should be considered as differential diagnosis for calcification on imaging, and lymph node metastasis at diagnosis may indicate poor prognosis.
Topics: Cats; Animals; Lymphatic Metastasis; Adenocarcinoma; Intestines; Metaplasia; Republic of Korea; Cat Diseases
PubMed: 37638712
DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23124