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Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Dec 2023Combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines produced by GSK (GSK-MMR) and Merck (Merck-MMR) have demonstrated effectiveness and an acceptable safety profile, as... (Review)
Review
Combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines produced by GSK (GSK-MMR) and Merck (Merck-MMR) have demonstrated effectiveness and an acceptable safety profile, as documented over decades of post-licensure use in various regions worldwide. In the United States, 2 doses of the MMR vaccine are recommended at the ages of 12-15 months and 4-6 years. All-cause febrile convulsions have the highest incidence at 12-18 months of age, when the first MMR vaccine dose is administered. Because febrile convulsions can also occur rarely after MMR vaccine administration, we reviewed safety data of the GSK-MMR compared to the Merck-MMR vaccine from 4 clinical trials that evaluated a first dose in 12-15-month-olds and 2 clinical trials that evaluated a second dose in ≥4-year-olds. Overall frequencies of febrile convulsions were ≤0.4% across studies and vaccine groups. The frequency of febrile convulsions occurring 7-10 days post-vaccination with the GSK-MMR vaccine (5.7/10,000) was generally consistent with previously published data. The other safety outcomes were similar between the GSK-MMR and Merck-MMR vaccines in both age groups. Hence, as recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, the GSK-MMR vaccine can also be used for routine immunization of children according to the current immunization schedule in the United States to prevent MMR.
Topics: Child; Humans; Infant; Child, Preschool; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Rubella; Mumps; Seizures, Febrile; Measles; Vaccines, Combined; Antibodies, Viral
PubMed: 36988468
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2188852 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Dec 2023Mumps reemergence has been reported in developed countries with high levels of two-dose mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV) coverage. The effectiveness of the two-dose MuCV...
Mumps-specific antibody persistence in children aged 3-7 years immunized with two doses of mumps-containing vaccines: A prospective cohort study in Jiangsu Province, China.
Mumps reemergence has been reported in developed countries with high levels of two-dose mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV) coverage. The effectiveness of the two-dose MuCV may be compromised by limitations in the persistence of immunity. This prospective cohort study evaluated the persistence of immunity of a two-dose MuCV in children aged 3-7 years from 2015 to 2020. Persistence of antibody to mumps, determined as the geometric mean antibody concentration (GMC), and seropositivity were analyzed for both repeated measurements from three follow-ups and on each cross-section, respectively. A total of 105 eligible subjects were recruited. Their overall seropositivity rate was relatively high and stable (92.4%-84.8%), while the overall GMC decreased from 547.6 U/ml to 333.3 U/ml. Analysis of waning immunity in 91 participants showed a significant and consistent downward trend for GMC, which differed significantly in boys and girls. The overall seropositivity rate decreased slightly from 2015 (95.6%) to 2016 (92.3%) but both were significantly higher than in 2018 (84.6%). The rates in girls remained stable, while those in boys declined to 75% in 2018. The seropositivity rate of the cross-section level decreased from 95.4% to 86.4% in 4 years. Although two-dose MuCV may result in a high level of immunity, antibody concentrations decay over 2 years after the second dose. Children with waning immunity after receiving two doses, especially boys, require further surveillance at 4 years and later to avoid future mumps epidemics. NCT02901990.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Child; Mumps; Prospective Studies; Mumps Vaccine; Antibodies, Viral; China; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Measles
PubMed: 36653029
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2166758 -
Minerva Medica Aug 2023
Topics: Humans; Parotitis; Foreign Bodies; Acute Disease
PubMed: 35332755
DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4806.21.07827-7