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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023Among well-studied and actively developing compounds are polyoxometalates (POMs), which show application in many fields. Extending this class of compounds, we introduce...
Among well-studied and actively developing compounds are polyoxometalates (POMs), which show application in many fields. Extending this class of compounds, we introduce a new subclass of polyoxometal clusters (POMCs) [MoO(μ-L)] (L = pyrazolate (pz) or triazolate (1,2,3-trz or 1,2,4-trz)), structurally similar to POM, but containing binuclear MoO clusters linked by bridging oxo- and organic ligands. The complexes obtained by ampoule synthesis from the binuclear cluster [MoO(CO)(HO)] in a melt of an organic ligand are soluble and stable in aqueous solutions. In addition to the detailed characterization in solid state and in aqueous solution, the biological properties of the compounds on normal and cancer cells were investigated, and antiviral activity against influenza A virus (subtype H5N1) was demonstrated.
Topics: Water; Models, Molecular; Molybdenum; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Triazoles; Pyrazoles; Antiviral Agents
PubMed: 38138569
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248079 -
Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England... Jan 2024Samples of the pseudo-binary system NaLiGa ( ≤ 1) were synthesized from the elements at 300 °C in sealed Ta ampoules or by the reaction of NaGa with LiCl. The...
Samples of the pseudo-binary system NaLiGa ( ≤ 1) were synthesized from the elements at 300 °C in sealed Ta ampoules or by the reaction of NaGa with LiCl. The peritectic formation temperature decreases with increasing Li content from 501(2) °C ( = 0) to 489(2) °C ( = 1). The boundary compositions NaGa and NaLiGa crystallize with different structure types related by a group-subgroup relation. While the Na-rich compositions ( ≤ 0.5) represent a substitutional solid solution (space group ), the Li-rich compositions feature an unconventional replacement mechanism in which Li atoms occupying interstitial positions induce vancancies at the Na positions (space group ). The crystal structure of NaLiGa ( = 8.562(1) Å, = 14.822(2) Å, = 11.454(2) Å; = 8) was determined from X-ray single-crystal diffraction data, and reveals an anionic framework comprising 12-bonded Ga icosahedra and 4-bonded Ga atoms, with alkali-metal atoms occupying channels and cavities. The arrangement of cations makes NaLiGa a new structure type within the MgBSi structure family. Band structure calculations for the composition NaLiGa predict semiconducting behavior consistent with the balance [Na][Li][(Ga)][Ga], considering Wade clusters [(12b)Ga] and Zintl anions [(4b)Ga]. Susceptibility measurements indicate temperature-independent diamagnetic behavior.
PubMed: 38126575
DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03628f -
Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice :... Dec 2023Cytotoxic drugs can be hazardous to healthcare workers involved in their preparation and/or administration. Exposure occurs during routine handling of drug vials and...
INTRODUCTION
Cytotoxic drugs can be hazardous to healthcare workers involved in their preparation and/or administration. Exposure occurs during routine handling of drug vials and ampoules, preparation, administration and disposal of cytotoxic waste. The use of closed-system devices provides protection against exposure to cytotoxics, but these devices are the subject of numerous incidents. Given the nature of the drugs they contain, these incidents can be dangerous for the personnel handling them.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of our study is to analyze material vigilance data relating to problems frequently encountered with the various consumables of the closed system and to assess the risk of exposure of personnel to cytotoxic drugs when using these using the Failure Mode and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Our study was conducted at the pharmacy of the National Institute of Oncology, the closed system drug transfer device (CSDT) used is a ChemoClave-ICU, This device is mechanical and needleless For the materiovigilance study we carried out a retrospective study over the period from 2019 to 2022, analyzing materiovigilance data collected by National Institute of Oncology's materiovigilance and pharmacovigilance cell. Our team, trained in the FMECA method, conducted the study over a three-month period, between September and November 2022. The method was used to assess the risks incurred by staff when using the CSDT device to prepare cytotoxic drugs.
CONCLUSION
Our study revealed that the most frequent incident was linked to a manufacturing defect in the device in question. According to the FMECA analysis, this incident represents a major risk, as its occurrence hampers the cytotoxic preparation process. CSDT have the advantage of being easy to use and acceptable to staff, but standards need to be developed and validated to assess the performance of these devices.
PubMed: 38115731
DOI: 10.1177/10781552231221229 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Jan 2024Skutterudites are of high interest in current research due to their diversity of structures comprising empty, partially filled and filled variants, mostly based on...
Skutterudites are of high interest in current research due to their diversity of structures comprising empty, partially filled and filled variants, mostly based on metallic compounds. We herein present Ba [BN ] H , forming a non-metallic filled anti-skutterudite. It is accessed in a solid-state ampoule reaction from barium subnitride, boron nitride and barium hydride at 750 °C. Single-crystal X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data allowed to elucidate the structure in the cubic space group Im (no. 204). The barium and hydride atoms form a three-dimensional network consisting of corner-sharing HBa octahedra and Ba icosahedra. Slightly bent [BN ] units are located in the icosahedra and the voids in-between. H and B magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR experiments and vibrational spectroscopy further support the structure model. Quantum chemical calculations coincide well with experimental results and provide information about the electronic structure of Ba [BN ] H .
PubMed: 38051820
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316469 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and... Nov 2023A comprehensive guideline named "Diagnostic Therapeutic Flow Chart for Covid-19″ (DTFC) was released by the Scientific Committee of Covid-19 of Iran's Ministry of...
BACKGROUND
A comprehensive guideline named "Diagnostic Therapeutic Flow Chart for Covid-19″ (DTFC) was released by the Scientific Committee of Covid-19 of Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education and regularly was updated. The aim of this study was to compare the prescription pattern of drug treatment in outpatient Covid-19 patients with the DTFC.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted on the prescription pattern of drugs given to outpatients with a diagnosis of Covid-19, in Isfahan City from June to September 2021 (concurrent with the fifth peak of Covid-19 in Iran) taking into account the recommendations of the 9th version of DTFC (December 2020). A total of 8250 prescriptions were retrieved from the Public Health Department of Isfahan City.
RESULTS
Famotidine 20, 40 mg tablets (N = 936 patients) was the most prescribed drug followed by dexamethasone ampule (N = 588), prednisolone 5, 50 mg tablets (N = 478), azithromycin 250, 500 mg capsules (N = 452), diphenhydramine syrup (N = 362), vitamin D3 soft gel 50,000 Iu (N = 526), naproxen 250, 500 mg tablets (N = 266) and favipiravir 200 mg tablet (N = 191). The following drugs were administered against the recommendation of the DTFC-9: azithromycin, favipiravir, remdesivir, cetirizine, corticosteroids, vitamin C, vitamin B12, multivitamins, proton pump inhibitors (e.g., omperazole, anticoagulants (rivaroxaban,….), aspirin and ivermectin. Administration of analgesics, famotidine, hydroxychloroquine, vitamin D3, diphenhydramine and statins were in concordance with the DTFC-9.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we showed frequent use of drugs with unproven efficacy in outpatient cases of Covid-19 mostly attributed to corticosteroids and antibiotics use. Our research highlights the discrepancy between recommendations for care and clinical practice and the need for strategy to bridge gaps in evidence-based informed decision-making.
PubMed: 38012696
DOI: 10.1186/s40545-023-00672-8 -
European Archives of Paediatric... Feb 2024This study was conducted to explore the preference and experience of paediatric dentists based in Switzerland regarding the use of articaine and other local and topical...
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to explore the preference and experience of paediatric dentists based in Switzerland regarding the use of articaine and other local and topical anaesthesia.
METHODS
An 18-question survey was developed, piloted, and distributed to the members of the Swiss association of paediatric dentistry (n = 460). The following information were collected: most used local anaesthetic in different age groups, time needed to inject a full ampule, frequency of observed local and systemic side effects, application of topical anaesthetic prior to injection, time waited between application and the injection, and perceived effectiveness of topical anaesthetic. The dentists' responses were analysed with logistic regressions reporting odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) at 5%.
RESULTS
The response rate was 37% (n = 168) out of the 460 questionnaires sent, with the responders being predominantly female (67%) and 47-year-old on average. More than 80% of the dentists used articaine in all age groups. 45% of responders took longer than 60 s to inject a full ampule. Local and systemic side-effects were observed by 82% and 28% of respondents respectively, although the nature and the significance of those were not detailed due to the anonymous nature of the questionnaire. Significantly less local adverse effects were seen for older children (p = 0.04) and among dentists with more years of experience (p = 0.01). Most responders applied topical anaesthetic and half of them waited longer than 60 s before injection.
CONCLUSIONS
Articaine is a widely used local anaesthetic by the studied group of Swiss paediatric dentists regardless of patient's age. The use of topical anaesthetic before injection is a common practice with good perceived effectiveness.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthetics, Local; Carticaine; Dentists; Switzerland; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38010573
DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00852-9 -
Applied Radiation and Isotopes :... Jan 2024Gadolinium-153 was standardized for activity by live-timed anticoincidence counting and an ampoule was submitted to the international reference system (SIR). Absolute...
Gadolinium-153 was standardized for activity by live-timed anticoincidence counting and an ampoule was submitted to the international reference system (SIR). Absolute emission intensities for the main γ rays were determined with calibrated high-purity germanium (HPGe) and lithium-drifted silicon (Si(Li)) detectors. A revised decay scheme is indicated, with no probability of direct electron capture to the Eu ground state. Triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) efficiency curves indicate that the revised decay scheme is consistent with experiment. Half-life measurements agree with a previous NIST determination and show no sensitivity to chemical environment.
PubMed: 38000166
DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111108 -
Nano Letters Dec 2023Fiber-shaped photodetectors (FPDs) with multidirectional light absorption properties offer exciting opportunities for intelligent optoelectronic textiles. However,...
Fiber-shaped photodetectors (FPDs) with multidirectional light absorption properties offer exciting opportunities for intelligent optoelectronic textiles. However, achieving FPDs capable of working in ampule environments, especially with high sensitivity, remains a fundamental challenge. Here, quasi-solid-state twisted-fiber photoelectrochemical photodetectors (FPPDs) consisting of photoanode, gel electrolyte, and counter electrode are successfully assembled. In situ decorated n-type one-dimensional (1D) TiO nanowire arrays with 2D Ni-Fe metal-organic framework (NiFeMOF) nanosheets serve as hierarchical heterojunction photoanodes, thereby optimizing carrier transfer dynamics at the photoanode/electrolyte interface. As expected, the resulting self-powered FPPD exhibits 88.6 mA W high responsiveness and a < 30 ms fast response time. Significantly, our FPPD can operate in both terrestrial and aquatic environments thanks to its intrinsic ionic properties, making it a versatile tool for detecting ultraviolet light on land and facilitating optical communication underwater. These high-sensitivity self-powered FPPDs with hierarchical heterojunction photoelectrodes hold promise for the development of wearable amphibious optoelectronic textiles.
PubMed: 37962986
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03851 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023Two-phase lithium ceramic LiTiO-LiSiO is considered as a tritium multiplier for use in the solid blanket of fusion reactors. To date, the most accurate understanding of...
Two-phase lithium ceramic LiTiO-LiSiO is considered as a tritium multiplier for use in the solid blanket of fusion reactors. To date, the most accurate understanding of the processes of tritium and helium production and release occurring in the breeder blanket materials under neutron irradiation can only be obtained from experiments in fission research reactors. At that, irradiations in vacuum give the possibility to register even very fast gas release processes (bursts) from the ceramics' voids and pores, although it reduces the thermal conductivity of the pebble bed. The purpose of this work was to simulate the heating of mono-sized pebble bed (1 mm in diameter) of two-phase lithium ceramic 25 mol%LiTiO+75 mol%LiSiO in an ampoule device during neutron irradiation at the WWR-K research reactor under vacuum conditions, and to determine experimental parameters in order to prevent heating of the lithium ceramics up to the LiSiO-LiSiO phase transition temperatures (>900 °C). For the first time, it was obtained that the effective thermal conductivity of a 1 mm mono-sized pebble bed of 25 mol%LiTiO+75 mol%LiSiO significantly decreases (four times) when it is irradiated with neutrons in a vacuum (at a helium pressure of approximately 10 Pa), compared to a similar calculation at 100 kPa of helium (when the He sweep is used). It was concluded that it is difficult to evaluate the maximal temperature of the ceramics in the capsule by measuring the temperature of its outer metal wall (according to thermocouple readings) without using the results of thermophysical calculations for each type of ceramic, taking into account its quantity, specific heat release and pebble size(s). To control the temperature of the ceramics during an irradiation experiment in a vacuum, an in-capsule thermocouple should be used, placed in the center of the pebble bed. Measuring the temperature of the pebble bed based on the capsule wall temperature can lead to overheating of the ceramics and phase changes.
PubMed: 37959512
DOI: 10.3390/ma16216914 -
IUCrData Jul 2023The title compound, dicerium(III) oxidodisilicate, Ce[SiO], was obtained as a by-product in its -type structure after attempts to synthesize CeSbOCl from fused silica...
The title compound, dicerium(III) oxidodisilicate, Ce[SiO], was obtained as a by-product in its -type structure after attempts to synthesize CeSbOCl from fused silica ampoules. It crystallizes isotypically with -La[SiO]. The four crystallographically distinct Ce cations form distorted square anti-prisms, capped square anti-prisms, and bicapped square anti-prisms as coordination polyhedra consisting of oxygen atoms. Four crystallographically different silicon atoms recruit the centers of two different isolated [SiO] units.
PubMed: 37937134
DOI: 10.1107/S2414314623005916