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International Journal of Infectious... Feb 2024
Topics: Animals; Humans; Diptera; Myiasis; France; Larva
PubMed: 38081507
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.11.035 -
Cureus Nov 2023A medical condition known as myiasis, or maggot infestation, occurs when fly larvae eat living tissue and continue to grow inside of it. Tropical and subtropical areas...
A medical condition known as myiasis, or maggot infestation, occurs when fly larvae eat living tissue and continue to grow inside of it. Tropical and subtropical areas are where it is most commonly seen. Human myiasis is more prevalent among individuals who have close contact with domestic animals and those living in unhygienic conditions. Traumatic cerebral myiasis is a rare clinical condition in humans with only two such cases documented in the literature. It is brought on by a parasite infestation, also referred to as a maggot infestation of dipteran larvae, on an untended open wound due to trauma. In this report, we present an exceedingly rare case of cerebral myiasis in a 54-year-old Indian male, the first report from India, occurring as a result of trauma. Wound debridement with maggots removal and antibiotic administration was done. However, the patient was lost to follow-up.
PubMed: 38073936
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48484 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Nov 2023Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) present a wide range of larval lifestyles, typically classified as obligate parasitism, facultative parasitism, and complete...
Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) present a wide range of larval lifestyles, typically classified as obligate parasitism, facultative parasitism, and complete sapro-necrophagy. Several parasitic species, both obligate and facultative, are considered to be of sanitary and economic importance, as their larvae can cause myiasis (maggot infestation in live tissue). However, it is noteworthy that the adult female plays a decisive role as she chooses the oviposition site, and, therefore, largely determines the feeding habit and developmental conditions of the larvae. In this study, two protocols are proposed to test larval feeding preference and female oviposition site preference considering two interacting factors: meat substrate type and temperature. The setups presented here allowed to test Lucilia cuprina larvae and gravid females in a four-choice assay with two temperatures (33 ± 2 °C and 25 ± 2 °C) and two types of meat substrates (fresh meat supplemented with blood and 5-day-old rotten meat). Larvae or gravid females can choose to burrow or lay their eggs, respectively, in either of the following: rotten meat at 25 °C (simulating a necrophagous species condition), fresh meat supplemented with blood at 33 °C (simulating a parasitic species condition), and two controls, rotten meat at 33 °C, or fresh meat supplemented with blood at 25 °C. The preference is assessed by counting the number of larvae or eggs laid in each option for each replicate. Comparing the observed results to a random distribution allowed for the estimation of the statistical significance of the preference. The results indicated that L. cuprina larvae have a strong preference for the rotten substrate at 25 °C. Conversely, oviposition-site preference by females was more varied for the meat type. This methodology can be adapted to test the preference of other insect species of similar size. Other questions can also be explored by using alternative conditions.
Topics: Animals; Female; Larva; Calliphoridae; Temperature; Diptera; Oviposition
PubMed: 38047557
DOI: 10.3791/65835 -
Oxford Medical Case Reports Nov 2023Myiasis is defined as the infestation of any part of the body by fly larvae. It is particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions. Cutaneous myiasis is the most...
Myiasis is defined as the infestation of any part of the body by fly larvae. It is particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions. Cutaneous myiasis is the most common manifestation of this infestation. Here, we report a 21-year-old Syrian female who presented with a 10-day history of painful 2 ulcer-like lesions on her scalp and was diagnosed with furuncular myiasis, which included more than 20 larvae. The patient had no history of international travel to myiasis-endemic areas before the onset of the lesions. She probably acquired the infestation while visiting a cattle farm located in a rural region east of Hama governorate. Seborrheic dermatitis developed on her scalp after the myiasis treatment was performed.
PubMed: 38033409
DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omad126 -
Journal of Insect Science (Online) Nov 2023Chitinases play a crucial role in insect metamorphosis by facilitating chitin degradation. Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a...
Chitinases play a crucial role in insect metamorphosis by facilitating chitin degradation. Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a typical holometabolous insect and an important hygiene pest that causes myiasis in humans and other mammals and acts as a vector for various parasitic agents, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Enhancing the understanding of the metamorphosis in this species has significance for vector control. In this study, we identified a total of 12 chitinase genes in S. peregrina using bioinformatic analysis methods. Based on transcriptome data, SpIDGF2 and SpCht10 were selected for further functional investigation. The down-regulation of these genes by RNA interference led to developmental delays, disruptions in molting, and differences in cuticle composition during the pupal stage. These findings underscore the pivotal role of chitinase genes in the metamorphic process and offer valuable insights for effective control strategies.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Diptera; Sarcophagidae; Chitinases; Metamorphosis, Biological; Transcriptome; Mammals
PubMed: 38016007
DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead107 -
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2024
Topics: Animals; Humans; Belize; Scalp; Forehead; Myiasis; Diptera; Edema; Larva; Travel
PubMed: 38008238
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102661 -
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Nov 2023Myiasis is one of the most common skin diseases found in travelers returning from tropical and subtropical regions, where humans living in or visiting the African...
Myiasis is one of the most common skin diseases found in travelers returning from tropical and subtropical regions, where humans living in or visiting the African continent are most commonly infested by during the rainy season in regions with a warm climate. Here, we present a case of furuncular myiasis caused by in a Serbian patient returning from temporary work in Kenya, where the initial histology of skin lesion mimicked hyperproliferative skin disorder.
PubMed: 37999624
DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8110505 -
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Rome; Myiasis; Ear Canal; Chronic Disease; Probiotics
PubMed: 37994033
DOI: 10.1017/S0022215123002037 -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... Mar 2024
Topics: Humans; Gambia; Myiasis
PubMed: 37978034
DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.11.005 -
Journal of Medical Entomology Jan 2024Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae), popularly known as "housefly", is a highly synanthropic species, with economic, medical-sanitary, veterinary, and...
Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae), popularly known as "housefly", is a highly synanthropic species, with economic, medical-sanitary, veterinary, and forensic importance. It is able to cause damage to health, transmit pathogenic agents, cause infection in domestic animals, and, in its immature stage, cause secondary myiasis. The scavenging habit of its immature stages makes these flies pioneers in colonizing both human and animal carcasses, from the initial stages of corpse decomposition to the final stages. Intrapuparial development studies of all stages of the biological cycle of these insects help estimate pupal age, being useful to forensic entomology to aid in determining the minimum postmortem interval (minPMI). This study describes, morphologically, the external structures of the pupae, under temperatures of 23, 27, and 30 ± 1 °C aiming to identify the characteristics that define their developmental stages and estimation of the pupae age of M. domestica. The whole experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions, with relative humidity 60 ± 10% and 12 hours of photoperiod. The process of pupariation and pupation including pre-pupae phases were observed; larvae pupae apolysis; early cryptocephalic pupae; late cryptocephalic pupae; phanerocephalic pupae; pharate adult, discriminated by eye color (transparent eyes, pink eyes, and red eyes); and the emergency of adults, which occurred in the intervals of 162-180; 138-144, and 96-102 hr, respectively, being described throughout the metamorphosis of the external morphological characteristics of the pupal stage of M. domestica.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Diptera; Houseflies; Muscidae; Temperature; Larva; Myiasis; Pupa; Cadaver
PubMed: 37967473
DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad147