-
Nutrients Sep 2022Fermented milk is beneficial for metabolic disorders, while the underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study explored the benefits and underlying...
BACKGROUND
Fermented milk is beneficial for metabolic disorders, while the underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study explored the benefits and underlying mechanisms of 070103 fermented milk (BLFM) in thirteen-week high-fat and high-sugar (HFHS) fed mice using omics techniques.
METHODS AND RESULTS
BLFM with activated glucokinase (GK) was screened by a double-enzyme coupling method. After supplementing BLFM with 10 mL/kg BW per day, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and leptin were significantly reduced compared with the HFHS group. Among them, the final body weight (BW), epididymal fat, perirenal fat, and brown fat in BLFM group had better change trends than GG fermented milk (LGGFM) group. The amplicon and metabolomic data analysis identified as a key gut microbiota at regulating glycolipid metabolism. BLFM reverses HFHS-induced reduction in bifidobacteria abundance. Further studies showed that BLFM significantly reduces the content of 3-indoxyl sulofphate associated with intestinal barrier damage. In addition, mice treated with BLFM improved BW, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis.
CONCLUSION
BLFM consumption attenuates obesity and related symptoms in HFHS-fed mice probably via the modulation of gut microbes and metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Bifidobacterium longum; Blood Glucose; Cholesterol, LDL; Diet, High-Fat; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glucokinase; Glucose; Glycolipids; Leptin; Lipid Metabolism; Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Milk
PubMed: 36235706
DOI: 10.3390/nu14194050 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2022Diet-induced obesity (DIO) reduces fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle and decreases circulating levels of adiponectin. Endocannabinoid signaling is overactive in...
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) reduces fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle and decreases circulating levels of adiponectin. Endocannabinoid signaling is overactive in obesity, with some effects abated by antagonism of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB). This research aimed to determine if treatment with the global CB antagonist/inverse agonist, AM251, in high-fat diet (HFD) fed rats influenced adiponectin signaling in skeletal muscle and a "browning" of white adipose tissue (WAT) defined by UCP1 expression levels. Male Sprague Dawley rats consumed an HFD (21% fat) for 9 weeks before receiving daily intraperitoneal injections with vehicle or AM251 (3 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. mRNA expression of genes involved in metabolic functions were measured in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, and blood was harvested for the measurement of hormones and cytokines. Muscle citrate synthase activity was also measured. AM251 treatment decreased fat pad weight (epididymal, peri-renal, brown), and plasma levels of leptin, glucagon, ghrelin, and GLP-1, and increased PAI-1 along with a range of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines; however, AM251 did not alter plasma adiponectin levels, skeletal muscle citrate synthase activity or mRNA expression of the genes measured in muscle. AM251 treatment had no effect on white fat UCP1 expression levels. AM251 decreased fat pad mass, altered plasma hormone levels, but did not induce browning of WAT defined by UCP1 mRNA levels or alter gene expression in muscle treated acutely with adiponectin, demonstrating the complexity of the endocannabinoid system and metabolism. The CB ligand AM251 increased systemic inflammation suggesting limitations on its use in metabolic disorders.
Topics: Adiponectin; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Cytokines; Diet, High-Fat; Endocannabinoids; Ghrelin; Glucagon; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Inflammation; Leptin; Ligands; Male; Obesity; Piperidines; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Pyrazoles; RNA, Messenger; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Weight Loss
PubMed: 36232744
DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911447 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2022Since the introduction of the ALARA ("as low as reasonably achievable") concept, the management of severe renal trauma has shifted. Our hospital promotes delayed...
BACKGROUND
Since the introduction of the ALARA ("as low as reasonably achievable") concept, the management of severe renal trauma has shifted. Our hospital promotes delayed surgical intervention for grade IV closed renal injury, to preserve renal function. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the management and outcomes of patients with grade IV closed renal injury in our hospital.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the management and outcome of grade IV closed renal injury.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 45 patients with grade IV closed renal injury; namely, 36 men and 9 women with an average age of 35.6 years. All patients were diagnosed with grade IV closed renal injury in accordance with the guidelines of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma. All hemodynamically-stable patients with renal trauma were treated conservatively for approximately 13 days and then underwent surgery only to clear the perirenal hematoma and not to repair or resect the affected kidney. Abstracted data included patient demographics, mechanism of injury, admission hemodynamics, CT findings, and mortality. The primary outcome was the success rate of nonsurgical treatment, and the secondary outcome was the complication of nonsurgical treatment.
RESULTS
All patients responded and were discharged, and no patients died. We followed 35 (77.8%) patients for at least 1 year. One patient with partially devitalized renal parenchyma underwent surgery to remove the affected kidney. Eleven patients (31.4%) suffered complications, namely, three (8.6%) cases of hypertension, four (11.4%) cases of hematuria, two cases (5.7%) of urinary tract infection, and two (5.7%) cases of urinoma.
CONCLUSIONS
Delayed exploratory surgery only to remove the hematoma should be considered in hemodynamically-stable patients with grade IV closed renal injury. This approach can avoid high nephrectomy rates associated with emergency surgery and reduce the complications that result from conservative treatment without surgery.
PubMed: 36185079
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5066278 -
Medicine Sep 2022Hematomas after percutaneous angiography often occur in the thigh, retroperitoneal, intraperitoneal, or abdominal wall. Renal hematoma after percutaneous angiography is...
RATIONALE
Hematomas after percutaneous angiography often occur in the thigh, retroperitoneal, intraperitoneal, or abdominal wall. Renal hematoma after percutaneous angiography is very rare.
DIAGNOSES
Herein, we present a case of perirenal hematoma and delayed contrast metabolism after cerebral angiograph, which may be caused by improper operation.
INTERVENTIONS
Conservative treatments which development by multi-disciplinary collaboration.
OUTCOMES
After treatment, the clinical symptoms of the patients gradually disappeared and the imaging results became negative.
CONCLUSION
Though the patient missed timely diagnosis and treatment, fortunately no catastrophic events occurred. Meanwhile, the potential causes, diagnosis, and therapeutic management were all discussed.
Topics: Angiography; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hematoma; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Retroperitoneal Space
PubMed: 36181057
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000030807 -
Metabolomics investigation on antiobesity effects of on high-fat high-sugar diet-induced obese rats.Chinese Herbal Medicines Jul 2022(CB) is a well-used medicinal herb in Mongolian folk medicine and has been traditionally applied as an antiobesity agent. However, the evidence-based pharmacological...
OBJECTIVE
(CB) is a well-used medicinal herb in Mongolian folk medicine and has been traditionally applied as an antiobesity agent. However, the evidence-based pharmacological effects of CB and its specific metabolic alterations in the obese model are not entirely understood. This study aimed to utilize untargeted metabolomic techniques to identify biomarkers and gain mechanistic insight into the serum metabolite alterations associated with weight loss and lipid metabolism in obese rats.
METHODS
A high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) diet was used to induce obese models in rats. CB extract was orally gavaged at 0.18, 0.9 and 1.8 g/kg doses for six weeks, and feed intake, body weight, fat pad weight, and blood indexes were measured. Blood serum metabolites were evaluated by gas chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS).
RESULTS
The results showed that compared with the obese group, the administration of CB extract caused significant decreases in body weight ( < 0.05), feed intake, Lee's index, and perirenal, mesenteric, epididymal fat weight. CB extract also reduced blood triglyceride and total cholesterol levels ( < 0.05) of obese rats. Metabolomic findings showed that nine differential metabolites, including pyruvic acid, -glucuronic acid, malic acid, dimethylglycine, oxoglutaric acid, pantothenic acid, sorbitol acid, fumaric acid and glucose 6-phosphate were identified under CB treatment and altered metabolic pathways such as TCA cycle, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated weight loss and lipid lowering effects of CB on HFHS diet-induced obese rats and identified nine metabolites as potential biomarkers for evaluating the favorable therapeutic mechanism of CB via regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism.
PubMed: 36118007
DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2022.04.001 -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022This study was to explore the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) optimized by residual segmentation attention dual channel network (DRSA-U-Net) in the...
This study was to explore the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) optimized by residual segmentation attention dual channel network (DRSA-U-Net) in the diagnosis of complications after renal transplantation and to provide a more effective examination method for clinic. 89 patients with renal transplantation were selected retrospectively, and all underwent MRI. The patients were divided into control group (conventional MRI image diagnosis) and observation group (MRI image diagnosis based on DRSA-U-Net). The accuracy of MRI images in the two groups was evaluated according to the comprehensive diagnostic results. The root mean square error (RMSE) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of DRSA-U-Net on T1WI and T2WI sequences were better than those of U-Net and dense U-Net ( < 0.05); comprehensive examination showed that 39 patients had obstruction between ureter and bladder anastomosis, 13 cases had rejection, 10 cases had perirenal hematoma, 5 cases had renal infarction, and 22 cases had no complications; the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and consistency of the observation group were higher than those of the control group ( < 0.05). In the control group, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the diagnosis of complications after renal transplantation were 66.5%, 84.1%, and 78.32%, respectively; in the observation group, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the diagnosis were 67.8%, 86.7%, and 80.6%, respectively. DRSA-U-Net denoising algorithm can clearly display the information of MRI images on the kidney, ureter, and surrounding tissues, improve its diagnostic accuracy in complications after renal transplantation, and has good clinical application value.
Topics: Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36072641
DOI: 10.1155/2022/8930584 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Sep 2022Venous pseudoaneurysm is uncommon in blunt trauma patients, and renal venous pseudoaneurysm is especially rare, even though renal trauma occurs in approximately 8-10 %...
INTRODUCTION
Venous pseudoaneurysm is uncommon in blunt trauma patients, and renal venous pseudoaneurysm is especially rare, even though renal trauma occurs in approximately 8-10 % of abdominal trauma cases. There is controversy regarding the modality of treatment between surgery, conservative care, and radiologic intervention to manage renal venous pseudoaneurysms. We would like to share our experience treating blunt trauma patients having renal venous pseudoaneurysm with conservative care.
PRESENTATION OF CASE
A 53-year-old female patient was transferred to our trauma center following a pedestrian accident. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed right renal injury (grade II) with partial infarction (approximately 30-40 %) and peri-renal hematoma confined to Gerota's fascia without extravasation, a 3 cm sized right renal venous pseudoaneurysm, and a liver laceration (grade III) with a small amount of perihepatic hemoperitoneum. Since her vital signs were stable, with no decrease in the hemoglobin level in the short-term follow-up laboratory test, we decided to treat the patient conservatively in the trauma intensive care unit without angioembolization or surgery. The patient was discharged on the 14th day after OR/IF surgery for a right distal tibiofibular fracture. On a CT scan performed 1 month after discharge, a peri-renal hematoma was no longer observed, and the renal venous pseudoaneurysm had nearly improved.
DISCUSSION
Patients with renal arterial injury with unstable vital signs require surgery or angioembolization. Even if vital signs are stable, arterial pseudoaneurysms are more likely to rupture; therefore, surgery or angioembolization is required. In contrast, venous pseudoaneurysms can be managed conservatively compared to intervention or surgery in vitally stable patients because they have a lower possibility of rupture due to relatively low pressure.
CONCLUSION
Renal venous pseudoaneurysms are very rare. Surgery, conservative care, and radiologic intervention should be considered depending on the patient's condition. Because venous blood flow is slower than arterial blood flow, renal venous pseudoaneurysm can be treated with conservative care if there are no injuries requiring further management and if the patient's vital signs are stable.
PubMed: 36057247
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107572 -
BMC Endocrine Disorders Aug 2022Obesity is an important risk factor for hyperuricemia. We aimed to explore the relationship between perirenal fat thickness (PrFT) and paranephric fat thickness (PnFT)...
BACKGROUND
Obesity is an important risk factor for hyperuricemia. We aimed to explore the relationship between perirenal fat thickness (PrFT) and paranephric fat thickness (PnFT) and serum uric acid (SUA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study involving 257 patients with T2DM recruited from Beijing Luhe Hospital from September 2019 to May 2020. The basic and clinical information such as age, gender, duration of diabetes was collected through the medical records. All patients underwent a physical examination including height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic blood pressures and diastolic blood pressure. The venous blood and urine samples were collected to measure SUA, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and glycosylated hemoglobin. PrFT and PnFT were measured via ultrasonography. Pearson correlation test and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the association between PrFT and PnFT and SUA.
RESULTS
We found that PrFT and PnFT increased according to the tertiles of SUA level (P = 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively). In addition, the PrFT and PnFT were positively associated with SUA level (r = 0.25, P < 0.001, r = 0.23, P < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, this association was stronger in males, non-obesity patients and patients with normal renal function. In the multivariate analysis, the PrFT was independently associated with SUA level after adjusting confounding factors.
CONCLUSIONS
The PrFT was independently associated with SUA level in patients with T2DM.
Topics: Cholesterol; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Kidney; Male; Obesity; Risk Factors; Uric Acid
PubMed: 35987648
DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01081-9 -
Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases Jul 2022Bleeding events are the most common complications after kidney biopsy. This study aims to evaluate the effect of desmopressin administration on bleeding complication, in... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Bleeding events are the most common complications after kidney biopsy. This study aims to evaluate the effect of desmopressin administration on bleeding complication, in native kidney biopsy candidates with reduced kidney function.
METHODS
This double-blind randomized clinical trial enrolled 18 to 80 years old patients with 15 < eGFR < 90 mL/min/ 1.73m² from July 2017 to August 2020. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 3 µg/kg of intranasal desmopressin acetate or 1 mL/kg of intranasal sodium chloride 0.65%, one hour before ultrasound-guided, percutaneous native kidney biopsy. The primary outcome was the post-biopsy bleeding complications, and secondary outcomes were the volume of perirenal hematoma, and changes of post-biopsy hemoglobin and hematocrit level, plasma sodium and blood pressure (Clinical Trial Registration ID: IRCT20090701002112N3).
RESULTS
A total of 120 patients (58 men and 62 women), 60 patients in each group, were analyzed. The mean age and eGFR of the patients were 45.29 ± 15.95 years and 51.77 ± 18.02 ml/min/ 1.73m², respectively. Desmopressin administration significantly decreased post-biopsy perirenal hematoma compared to placebo (7/60 [11.6%]) vs. 33/60 [40%]; P < .05), and the hematoma volume was significantly smaller in the desmopressin group, in case of hematoma formation (2.31 ± 1.17 vs. 7.72 ± 5.45 mm³, P < .05).
CONCLUSION
Desmopressin administration before kidney biopsy is a safe and effective strategy to prevent bleeding complications. Considering absolute risk reduction of about 28%, the number needed to treat is about 4 procedures. We recommend considering desmopressin administration before percutaneous native kidney biopsy. DOI: 10.52547/ijkd.6966.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hematoma; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Ultrasonography, Interventional; Young Adult
PubMed: 35962638
DOI: No ID Found -
Oncology Letters Sep 2022Primary retroperitoneal perirenal CIC rearrangement sarcoma is rare. The current case report presents a 69-year-old male patient with this pathology, including the...
Primary retroperitoneal perirenal CIC rearrangement sarcoma is rare. The current case report presents a 69-year-old male patient with this pathology, including the clinical features, pathomorphology and immunohistochemistry, and CIC gene rupture detected by fluorescence hybridization (FISH). Furthermore, the relevant literature was reviewed. Histologically, the tumor was composed of diffuse nests of small- to medium-sized juvenile round blue cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, prominent nucleoli and occasional mitotic signs. The tumor involved adipose tissue with no obvious hemorrhagic necrotic foci. Immunohistochemistry indicated scattered expression of CD99 in tumor cells. FISH examination suggested that the CIC gene was fragmented and translocated.
PubMed: 35949589
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13442