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Frontiers in Oncology 2024To review our single-institution experience in the surgical management of foramen magnum tumors via a far-lateral approach using an oblique straight incision.
OBJECTIVE
To review our single-institution experience in the surgical management of foramen magnum tumors via a far-lateral approach using an oblique straight incision.
METHODS
From October 2023 to January 2024, four cases of tumors in the foramen magnum area treated at the Capital Medical University-affiliated XuanWu hospital neurosurgery department were involved in this study. All cases were managed with a far-lateral approach using an oblique straight incision. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and imaging data, as well as the surgical strategies employed.
RESULTS
Three cases of foramen magnum meningiomas and one case of glioma of the ventral medulla. All cases underwent a far-lateral approach using an oblique straight incision; all cases had a gross total resection, and the wounds healed well without cerebral fluid leakage or scalp hydrops. Except for one case of right foramen magnum meningioma, which had dysphagia and pneumothorax, the other cases were without any postoperative complications.
CONCLUSION
A far-lateral approach using an oblique straight incision can preserve muscle integrity and minimize subcutaneous exposure, allowing for complete anatomical reduction of muscles. This craniectomy method is simple and replicable, making it worthy of further clinical practice.
PubMed: 38933447
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1391002 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Wearable in-ear electroencephalographic (EEG) devices hold significant promise for advancing brain monitoring technologies into everyday applications. However, despite...
Wearable in-ear electroencephalographic (EEG) devices hold significant promise for advancing brain monitoring technologies into everyday applications. However, despite the current availability of several in-ear EEG devices in the market, there remains a critical need for robust validation against established clinical-grade systems. In this study, we carried out a detailed examination of the signal performance of a mobile in-ear EEG device from Naox Technologies. Our investigation had two main goals: firstly, evaluating the hardware circuit's reliability through simulated EEG signal experiments and, secondly, conducting a thorough comparison between the in-ear EEG device and gold-standard EEG monitoring equipment. This comparison assesses correlation coefficients with recognized physiological patterns during wakefulness and sleep, including alpha rhythms, eye artifacts, slow waves, spindles, and sleep stages. Our findings support the feasibility of using this in-ear EEG device for brain activity monitoring, particularly in scenarios requiring enhanced comfort and user-friendliness in various clinical and research settings.
Topics: Electroencephalography; Humans; Wearable Electronic Devices; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Brain; Sleep; Monitoring, Physiologic; Wakefulness
PubMed: 38931756
DOI: 10.3390/s24123973 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jun 2024Hair dyeing is widely performed around the world. Chemical and thermal burns can result from the components present in brightening and coloring products, as well as the... (Review)
Review
Hair dyeing is widely performed around the world. Chemical and thermal burns can result from the components present in brightening and coloring products, as well as the application process. We present a case of a chemical burn after applying hair dye and review the literature on similar cases, the composition of hair dyes, their mechanism of action, and the process of burns. The patient was a 17-year-old girl, who presented to the Dermatology Clinic with a 13 × 10 cm ulcer on the scalp after hair dyeing in a hairdressing salon. General and local treatment was applied, with particular emphasis on specialized dressings. The ulcer site was replaced by an area of scarring after 11 months of treatment. Based on the presented case and the review of the literature, we conclude that hair dye treatments warrant careful attention for potential scalp complications. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach demands a multidisciplinary effort, with ongoing patient-doctor cooperation throughout the treatment, which may complicate and span several months.
PubMed: 38930071
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123542 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Packaging design is pivotal in motivating consumer decisions, as a key communication tool from creation to purchase. Currently, the interpretation and evaluation of...
Packaging design is pivotal in motivating consumer decisions, as a key communication tool from creation to purchase. Currently, the interpretation and evaluation of packaging's impact are shifting toward non-traditional methods. This pilot study evaluated the packaging perception of York Ham and Turkey Breast products. The event-related potential (ERP) technique, the methodology priming words (positive and negative), and target images (original and modified packaging) were applied. A total of 23 participants were sampled using a 32-channels scalp elastic electrode cap and viewed 200 trials of word-image matching. Participants responded whether the images and adjectives matched or not, using the two groups of images. The results demonstrate an N400 effect in the parietal area. This region was observed to show evidence of cognitive processing related to congruency or incongruency, by contrasting the priming and target of this study. The evaluation positioned the York Ham packaging as the best rated. The findings show a relevant contribution to ERPs and research related to the food packaging perception.
PubMed: 38928817
DOI: 10.3390/foods13121876 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Aging (senescence) is an unavoidable biological process that results in visible manifestations in all cutaneous tissues, including scalp skin and hair follicles....
Aging (senescence) is an unavoidable biological process that results in visible manifestations in all cutaneous tissues, including scalp skin and hair follicles. Previously, we evaluated the molecular function of adenosine in promoting alopecia treatment in vitro. To elucidate the differences in the molecular mechanisms between minoxidil (MNX) and adenosine, gene expression changes in dermal papilla cells were examined. The androgen receptor (AR) pathway was identified as a candidate target of adenosine for hair growth, and the anti-androgenic activity of adenosine was examined in vitro. In addition, ex vivo examination of human hair follicle organ cultures revealed that adenosine potently elongated the anagen stage. According to the severity of alopecia, the ratio of the two peaks (terminal hair area/vellus hair area) decreased continuously. We further investigated the adenosine hair growth promoting effect in vivo to examine the hair thickness growth effects of topical 5% MNX and the adenosine complex (0.75% adenosine, 1% penthenol, and 2% niacinamide; APN) in vivo. After 4 months of administration, both the MNX and APN group showed significant increases in hair density (MNX + 5.01% ( < 0.01), APN + 6.20% ( < 0.001)) and thickness (MNX + 5.14% ( < 0.001), APN + 10.32% ( < 0.001)). The inhibition of AR signaling via adenosine could have contributed to hair thickness growth. We suggest that the anti-androgenic effect of adenosine, along with the evaluation of hair thickness distribution, could help us to understand hair physiology and to investigate new approaches for drug development.
Topics: Alopecia; Humans; Male; Receptors, Androgen; Adenosine; Hair Follicle; Signal Transduction; Minoxidil; Female; Animals; Hair
PubMed: 38928239
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126534 -
Biology Jun 2024Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) indicate that noise degrades auditory neural encoding, causing decreased peak amplitude and increased peak latency. Different...
Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) indicate that noise degrades auditory neural encoding, causing decreased peak amplitude and increased peak latency. Different types of noise affect CAEP responses, with greater informational masking causing additional degradation. In noisy conditions, attention can improve target signals' neural encoding, reflected by an increased CAEP amplitude, which may be facilitated through various inhibitory mechanisms at both pre-attentive and attentive levels. While previous research has mainly focused on inhibition effects during attentive auditory processing in noise, the impact of noise on the neural response during the pre-attentive phase remains unclear. Therefore, this preliminary study aimed to assess the auditory gating response, reflective of the sensory inhibitory stage, to repeated vowel pairs presented in background noise. CAEPs were recorded via high-density EEG in fifteen normal-hearing adults in quiet and noise conditions with low and high informational masking. The difference between the average CAEP peak amplitude evoked by each vowel in the pair was compared across conditions. Scalp maps were generated to observe general cortical inhibitory networks in each condition. Significant gating occurred in quiet, while noise conditions resulted in a significantly decreased gating response. The gating function was significantly degraded in noise with less informational masking content, coinciding with a reduced activation of inhibitory gating networks. These findings illustrate the adverse effect of noise on pre-attentive inhibition related to speech perception.
PubMed: 38927323
DOI: 10.3390/biology13060443 -
Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024A 74-year-old woman in good general health presented with a 5-year history of progressive hair loss over several years, interpreted as female androgenetic alopecia...
A 74-year-old woman in good general health presented with a 5-year history of progressive hair loss over several years, interpreted as female androgenetic alopecia (AGA), and was treated with topical 5% Minoxidil without improvement. The patient's relevant medical history revealed infiltrating, triple-negative apocrine carcinoma of the right breast four years before, treated by quadrantectomy, radiation, lymphadenectomy and chemotherapy, with no recurrence at the last follow-up. On examination, there was an asymptomatic 15 × 15 cm firm and whitish area of scarring alopecia on the central scalp. Dermoscopy revealed multiple arborizing vessels and many telangiectasia. The clinical considerations included mainly cutaneous metastasis of breast carcinoma (alopecia neoplastica), pseudopelade of Broque and morpheaform basal cell carcinoma (BCC). A histopathologic examination revealed characteristic changes of morpheaform BCC with basaloid islands and cords of atypical basaloid cells diffusely infiltrating the dermis, embedded in a sclerotic and hypervascularized stroma. Secondary alopecia neoplastica due to morpheaform BCC on the scalp is an exceedingly rare entity, possessing subtle clinical features that may mimic both scarring and non-scarring alopecia. Delayed recognition may contribute to aggressive behavior and extensive local destruction. Treatment with hedgehog inhibitors in locally advanced BCC of the scalp, both in adjuvant and neoadjuvant modalities, is promising.
PubMed: 38921053
DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology11020016 -
Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Angiosarcomas are malignant vascular tumors that commonly occur on the skin of the head and neck, breast, or scalp. Oral angiosarcoma is a rare tumor (0.0077% of all...
Angiosarcomas are malignant vascular tumors that commonly occur on the skin of the head and neck, breast, or scalp. Oral angiosarcoma is a rare tumor (0.0077% of all cancers in Europe), and regarding this atypical localization, no formal treatment trials have been conducted yet. We present a case of a 58-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of oral angiosarcoma. After tumor excision was performed by transoral surgical approach, immediate reconstruction of the intraoral surgical defects was made using Integra bilayer wound collagen matrix. A skin regeneration technique has previously been reported to provide good healing for defects of buccal resection, preventing postoperative cicatricial fibrosis.
PubMed: 38920549
DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060117 -
BioRxiv : the Preprint Server For... Jun 2024Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an X-linked disorder that often leads to intellectual disability, anxiety, and sensory hypersensitivity. While sound sensitivity...
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an X-linked disorder that often leads to intellectual disability, anxiety, and sensory hypersensitivity. While sound sensitivity (hyperacusis) is a distressing symptom in FXS, its neural basis is not well understood. It is postulated that hyperacusis may stem from temporal lobe hyperexcitability or dysregulation in topdown modulation. Studying the neural mechanisms underlying sound sensitivity in FXS using scalp electroencephalography (EEG) is challenging because the temporal and frontal regions have overlapping neural projections that are difficult to differentiate. To overcome this challenge, we conducted EEG source analysis on a group of 36 individuals with FXS and 39 matched healthy controls. Our goal was to characterize the spatial and temporal properties of the response to an auditory chirp stimulus. Our results showed that males with FXS exhibit excessive activation in the frontal cortex in response to the stimulus onset, which may reflect changes in top-down modulation of auditory processing. Additionally, during the chirp stimulus, individuals with FXS demonstrated a reduction in typical gamma phase synchrony, along with an increase in asynchronous gamma power, across multiple regions, most strongly in temporal cortex. Consistent with these findings, we observed a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio, estimated by the ratio of synchronous to asynchronous gamma activity, in individuals with FXS. Furthermore, this ratio was highly correlated with performance in an auditory attention task. Compared to controls, males with FXS demonstrated elevated bidirectional frontotemporal information flow at chirp onset. The evidence indicates that both temporal lobe hyperexcitability and disruptions in top-down regulation play a role in auditory sensitivity disturbances in FXS. These findings have the potential to guide the development of therapeutic targets and back-translation strategies.
PubMed: 38915683
DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.598957 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2024Tinea capitis, primarily caused by dermatophytes such as and species, is a superficial fungal infection affecting the scalp and hair, commonly observed in prepubertal...
Tinea capitis, primarily caused by dermatophytes such as and species, is a superficial fungal infection affecting the scalp and hair, commonly observed in prepubertal children but rare in adults. Here we report a unique case of an adult female with tinea capitis presenting as diffused alopecia and erythema inflammation on the scalp's apex, mimicking seborrheic dermatitis. Examination of the hair and scalp using fluorescence microscopy and fungal culture identified the presence of hyphae from and . The patient underwent with oral antifungal treatment for 3 months, resulting in the resolution of the rash and subsequent hair regrowth, with no recurrence during 6-month follow-up. In vitro co-culture experiments of and (both and ) revealed that appears to facilitate growth, while the reverse was not observed. This data suggests that 's use of long-chain fatty acids by might reduce its antibacterial effect, potentially aiding adult tinea capitis development caused by .
PubMed: 38912215
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S455485