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Scientific Reports Jun 2024Intensification of staple crops through conventional agricultural practices with chemical synthetic inputs has yielded positive outcomes in food security but with...
Intensification of staple crops through conventional agricultural practices with chemical synthetic inputs has yielded positive outcomes in food security but with negative environmental impacts. Ecological intensification using cropping systems such as maize edible-legume intercropping (MLI) systems has the potential to enhance soil health, agrobiodiversity and significantly influence crop productivity. However, mechanisms underlying enhancement of biological soil health have not been well studied. This study investigated the shifts in rhizospheric soil and maize-root microbiomes and associated soil physico-chemical parameters in MLI systems of smallholder farms in comparison to maize-monoculture cropping systems (MMC). Maize-root and rhizospheric soil samples were collected from twenty-five farms each conditioned by MLI and MMC systems in eastern Kenya. Soil characteristics were assessed using Black oxidation and Walkley methods. High-throughput amplicon sequencing was employed to analyze fungal and bacterial communities, predicting their functional roles and diversity. The different MLI systems significantly impacted soil and maize-root microbial communities, resulting in distinct microbe sets. Specific fungal and bacterial genera and species were mainly influenced and enriched in the MLI systems (e.g., Bionectria solani, Sarocladium zeae, Fusarium algeriense, and Acremonium persicinum for fungi, and Bradyrhizobium elkanii, Enterobacter roggenkampii, Pantoea dispersa and Mitsuaria chitosanitabida for bacteria), which contribute to nutrient solubilization, decomposition, carbon utilization, plant protection, bio-insecticides/fertilizer production, and nitrogen fixation. Conversely, the MMC systems enriched phytopathogenic microbial species like Sphingomonas leidyi and Alternaria argroxiphii. Each MLI system exhibited a unique composition of fungal and bacterial communities that shape belowground biodiversity, notably affecting soil attributes, plant well-being, disease control, and agroecological services. Indeed, soil physico-chemical properties, including pH, nitrogen, organic carbon, phosphorus, and potassium were enriched in MLI compared to MMC cropping systems. Thus, diversification of agroecosystems with MLI systems enhances soil properties and shifts rhizosphere and maize-root microbiome in favor of ecologically important microbial communities.
Topics: Zea mays; Soil Microbiology; Soil; Agriculture; Rhizosphere; Microbiota; Crops, Agricultural; Ecosystem; Plant Roots; Biodiversity; Bacteria; Fungi; Kenya; Crop Production
PubMed: 38906908
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64138-w -
Studies in Mycology Jun 2023is acknowledged as a highly ubiquitous genus including saprobic, parasitic, or endophytic fungi that inhabit a variety of environments. Species of this genus are...
is acknowledged as a highly ubiquitous genus including saprobic, parasitic, or endophytic fungi that inhabit a variety of environments. Species of this genus are extensively exploited in industrial, commercial, pharmaceutical, and biocontrol applications, and proved to be a rich source of novel and bioactive secondary metabolites. has been recognised as a taxonomically difficult group of ascomycetes, due to the reduced and high plasticity of morphological characters, wide ecological distribution and substrate range. Recent advances in molecular phylogenies, revealed that is highly polyphyletic and members of belong to at least three distinct orders of , of which numerous orders, families and genera with acremonium-like morphs remain undefined. To infer the phylogenetic relationships and establish a natural classification for acremonium-like taxa, systematic analyses were conducted based on a large number of cultures with a global distribution and varied substrates. A total of 633 cultures with acremonium-like morphology, including 261 ex-type cultures from 89 countries and a variety of substrates including soil, plants, fungi, humans, insects, air, and water were examined. An overview phylogenetic tree based on three loci (ITS, LSU, ) was generated to delimit the orders and families. Separate trees based on a combined analysis of four loci (ITS, LSU, , ) were used to delimit species at generic and family levels. Combined with the morphological features, host associations and ecological analyses, acremonium-like species evaluated in the present study are currently assigned to 63 genera, and 14 families in and , mainly in the families , and and five new hypocrealean families, namely , , , and . Among them, 17 new genera and 63 new combinations are proposed, with descriptions of 65 new species. Furthermore, one epitype and one neotype are designated to stabilise the taxonomy and use of older names. Results of this study demonstrated that most species of grouped in genera of , including the type . . A phylogenetic backbone tree is provided for , in which 183 species are recognised and 39 well-supported genera are resolved, including 10 new genera. Additionally, and are proposed as potential DNA barcodes for the identification of taxa in . L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous. : L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous. L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, Rämä, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, Rämä, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, K. Fletcher, F.C. Küpper & P. van West, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, Rämä, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, Lechat & J. Fourn., L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai, Rämä & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; Trichothecium hongkongense L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous. (Sukapure & Thirum.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Malloch) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Tad. Ito .) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Negroni) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Sigler ) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Pers.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Summerb. ) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (A. Giraldo et al.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams & Lodha) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Berk. & Broome) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Thirum. & Sukapure) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Malloch & Cain) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Malloch & Cain) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (C.A. Jørg.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Lechat & J. Fourn.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Lechat & Gardiennet) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (P. Karst.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Samuels) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Samuels) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Lechat & J. Fourn.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Berk. & Broome) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (R.F. Castañeda) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Sawada) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Jaap) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (A. Giraldo ) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (A. Giraldo .) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Samuels) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Samuels)L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (J.F. Li .) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Fuckel) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Lechat & J. Fourn.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Matr.)L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Gams & Sivasith.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Nicot) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams & Veenb.-Rijks) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (A. Giraldo .) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (A. Giraldo ) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Samuels) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Nicot) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (A. Giraldo ) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (A. Giraldo ) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Petch) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (W. Gams & J. Lacey) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; : (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (Sukapure & Thirum.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (K.L. Pang .) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (W. Gams .) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (W. Gams) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (Sukapure & Thirum.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous; (C.H. Dickinson) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, (G. Sm.) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous. J.C. Schmidt ex Fr. Matr. Hou LW, Giraldo A, Groenewald JZ, Rämä T, Summerbell RC, Zang P, Cai L, Crous PW (2023). Redisposition of acremonium-like fungi in . : 23-203. doi: 10.3114/sim.2023.105.02.
PubMed: 38895703
DOI: 10.3114/sim.2023.105.02 -
Natural Products and Bioprospecting Jun 2024The marine holothurian-derived fungal strain KMM 4401 has been identified as Paragliomastix luzulae using 28S rDNA, ITS regions and the partial TEF1 gene sequences. The...
The marine holothurian-derived fungal strain KMM 4401 has been identified as Paragliomastix luzulae using 28S rDNA, ITS regions and the partial TEF1 gene sequences. The metabolite profile of the fungal culture was studied by UPLC-MS technique. The strain KMM 4401 is a source of various virescenoside-type isopimarane glycosides suggested as chemotaxonomic feature for this fungal species. Also Px. luzulae KMM 4401 was proposed as possible source of new bioactive secondary metabolites especially antimicrobials. Moreover, the co-cultures of Px. luzulae KMM 4401 with another marine fungus Penicillium hispanicum KMM 4689 inoculated simultaneously or after two weeks were investigated by same way. It was shown, that P. hispanicum KMM 4689 suppressed the production of most of Px. luzulae KMM 4401 metabolites. On the other hand, the co-cultivation of P. hispanicum KMM 4689 and Px. luzulae KMM 4401 resulted in increasing of production of main deoxyisoaustamide alkaloids of P. hispanicum KMM 4689 on 50-190%.
PubMed: 38886261
DOI: 10.1007/s13659-024-00459-7 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Gut microbes are pivotal reference indicators for assessing the health status of animals. Before introducing artificially bred species into the wild, examining their gut...
Gut microbes are pivotal reference indicators for assessing the health status of animals. Before introducing artificially bred species into the wild, examining their gut microbe composition is crucial to help mitigate potential threats posed to wild populations. However, gut microbiological trait similarities between wild and artificially bred green turtles remain unexplored. Therefore, this study compared the gut microbiological characteristics of wild and artificially bred green turtles () through high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. The α-diversity of intestinal bacteria in wild green turtles, as determined by Shannon and Chao indices, significantly surpasses that of artificial breeding green turtles ( < 0.01). However, no significant differences were detected in the fungal α-diversity between wild and artificially bred green turtles. Meanwhile, the β-diversity analysis revealed significant differences between wild and artificially bred green turtles in bacterial and fungal compositions. The community of gut bacteria in artificially bred green turtles had a significantly higher abundance of Fusobacteriota including those belonging to the , , and genera than that of the wild green turtle. In contrast, the abundance of bacteria belonging to the phylum Actinobacteriota and genus significantly decreased. Regarding the fungal community, artificially bred green turtles had a significantly higher abundance of , , and and a lower abundance of and than the wild green turtle. The PICRUSt2 analyses demonstrated significant differences in the functions of the gut bacterial flora between groups, particularly in carbohydrate and energy metabolism. Fungal functional guild analysis further revealed that the functions of the intestinal fungal flora of wild and artificially bred green turtles differed significantly in terms of animal pathogens-endophytes-lichen parasites-plant pathogens-soil saprotrophs-wood saprotrophs. BugBase analysis revealed significant potential pathogenicity and stress tolerance variations between wild and artificially bred green turtles. Collectively, this study elucidates the distinctive characteristics of gut microbiota in wild and artificially bred green turtles while evaluating their health status. These findings offer valuable scientific insights for releasing artificially bred green turtles and other artificially bred wildlife into natural habitats.
PubMed: 38873159
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1412015 -
Current Microbiology May 2024Grapevine production is economically indispensable for the global wine industry. Currently, Mexico cultivates grapevines across approximately 28 500 hectares, ranking as...
Grapevine production is economically indispensable for the global wine industry. Currently, Mexico cultivates grapevines across approximately 28 500 hectares, ranking as the 26th largest producer worldwide. Given its significance, early detection of plant diseases' causal agents is crucial for preventing outbreaks. Consequently, our study aimed to identify fungal strains in grapevines exhibiting trunk disease symptoms and assess their enzymatic capabilities as indicators of their phytopathogenic potential. We collected plant cultivars, including Malbec, Shiraz, and Tempranillo, from Querétaro, Mexico. In the laboratory, we superficially removed the plant bark to prevent external contamination. Subsequently, the sample was superficially disinfected, and sawdust was generated from the symptomatic tissue. Cultivable fungal strains were isolated using aseptic techniques from the recovered sawdust. Colonies were grown on PDA and identified through a combination of microscopy and DNA-sequencing of the ITS and LSU nrDNA regions, coupled with a BLASTn search in the GenBank database. We evaluated the strains' qualitative ability to degrade cellulose, starch, and lignin using specific media and stains. Using culture morphology and DNA-sequencing, 13 species in seven genera were determined: Acremonium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Dydimella, Fusarium, Sarocladium, and Quambalaria. Some isolated strains were able to degrade cellulose or lignin, or starch. These results constitute the first report of these species community in the Americas. Using culture-dependent and DNA-sequencing tools allows the detection of fungal strains to continue monitoring for early prevention of the GTD.
Topics: Vitis; Mexico; Plant Diseases; DNA, Fungal; Fungi; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Cellulose; Lignin
PubMed: 38822158
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03709-6 -
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry May 2024Aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway is a driving factor in the development of prostate cancer. Therefore, inhibiting the function of the PI3K/AKT signaling...
Aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway is a driving factor in the development of prostate cancer. Therefore, inhibiting the function of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is a strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer. Ilicicolin C is an ascochlorin derivative isolated from the coral-derived fungus Acremonium sclerotigenum GXIMD 02501. Which has anti-inflammatory activity, but its activity against prostate cancer has not yet been elucidated. MTT assay, plate clone-formation assay, flow cytometry and real-time cell analysis technology were used to detect the effects of ilicicolin C on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and migration of prostate cancer cells. Molecular docking software and surface plasmon resonance technology were used to analyze the interaction between ilicicolin C and PI3K/AKT proteins. Western blot assay was performed to examine the changes in protein expression. Finally, QikProp software was used to simulate the process of ilicicolin C in vivo, and a zebrafish xenograft model was used to further verify the anti-prostate cancer activity of ilicicolin C in vivo. Ilicicolin C showed cytotoxic effects on prostate cancer cells, with the most significant effect on PC-3 cells. Ilicicolin C inhibited proliferation and migration of PC-3 cells. It could also block the cell cycle and induce apoptosis in PC-3 cells. In addition, ilicicolin C could bind to PI3K/AKT proteins. Furthermore, ilicicolin C inhibited the expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR proteins and could also regulate the expression of downstream proteins in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, the calculations speculated that ilicicolin C was well absorbed orally, and the zebrafish xenograft model confirmed the in vivo anti-prostate cancer effect of ilicicolin C. Ilicicolin C emerges as a promising marine compound capable of inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by counteracting the aberrant activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR, suggesting that ilicicolin C may be a viable candidate for anti-prostate cancer drug development. These findings highlight the potential of ilicicolin C against prostate cancer and shed light on its mechanism of action.
PubMed: 38801644
DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05026-9 -
Microorganisms May 2024Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) cause serious stress to biological health and the soil environment as persistent pollutants. Despite the wide use of biochar in...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) cause serious stress to biological health and the soil environment as persistent pollutants. Despite the wide use of biochar in promoting soil improvement, the mechanism of biochar removing soil PAHs through rhizosphere effect in the process of phytoremediation remain uncertain. In this study, the regulation of soil niche and microbial degradation strategies under plants and biochar were explored by analyzing the effects of plants and biochar on microbial community composition, soil metabolism and enzyme activity in the process of PAH degradation. The combination of plants and biochar significantly increased the removal of phenanthrene (6.10%), pyrene (11.50%), benzo[a]pyrene (106.02%) and PAHs (27.10%) when compared with natural attenuation, and significantly increased the removal of benzo[a]pyrene (34.51%) and PAHs (5.96%) when compared with phytoremediation. Compared with phytoremediation, the combination of plants and biochar significantly increased soil nutrient availability, enhanced soil enzyme activity (urease and catalase), improved soil microbial carbon metabolism and amino acid metabolism, thereby benefiting microbial resistance to PAH stress. In addition, the activity of soil enzymes (dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase and laccase) and the expression of genes involved in the degradation and microorganisms (, , and ) were up-regulated through the combined action of plants and biochar. In view of the aforementioned results, the combined application of plants and biochar can enhance the degradation of PAHs and alleviate the stress of PAH on soil microorganisms.
PubMed: 38792797
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050968 -
The Discovery of Acremochlorins O-R from an sp. through Integrated Genomic and Molecular Networking.Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024The fermentation of a soil-derived fungus sp. led to the isolation of thirteen ascochlorin congeners through integrated genomic and Global Natural Product Social (GNPS)...
The fermentation of a soil-derived fungus sp. led to the isolation of thirteen ascochlorin congeners through integrated genomic and Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) molecular networking. Among the isolated compounds, we identified two unusual bicyclic types, acremochlorins O () and P (), as well as two linear types, acremochlorin Q () and R (). Compounds and contain an unusual benzopyran moiety and are diastereoisomers of each other, the first reported for the ascochlorins. Additionally, we elucidated the structure of , a 4-chloro-5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol with a linear farnesyl side chain, and confirmed the presence of eight known ascochlorin analogs (-). The structures were determined by the detailed interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, MS, and ECD calculations. Compounds and showed potent antibacterial activity against and , with MIC values ranging from 2 to 16 μg/mL.
PubMed: 38786720
DOI: 10.3390/jof10050365 -
Allergologie Select 2024None.
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PubMed: 38756207
DOI: 10.5414/ALX02444E -
PloS One 2024Fruit shape is an important character of watermelon. And the compositions of rhizospheric and endophytic microorganisms of watermelon with different fruit shape also...
Fruit shape is an important character of watermelon. And the compositions of rhizospheric and endophytic microorganisms of watermelon with different fruit shape also remains unclear. To elucidate the biological mechanism of watermelon fruit shape formations, the rhizospheric and endophytic microbial community compositions between oval (OW) and circular watermelons (CW) were analyzed. The results showed that except of the rhizospheric bacterial richness (P < 0.05), the rhizospheric and endophytic microbial (bacterial and fungal) diversity were not statistically significant between OW and CW (P > 0.05). However, the endophytic microbial (bacterial and fungal) compositions were significantly different. Firstly, Bacillus, Rhodanobacter, Cupriavidus, Luteimonas, and Devosia were the unique soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of circular watermelon (CW); In contrast, Nocardioides, Ensifer, and Saccharomonospora were the special soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of oval watermelons (OW); Meanwhile, Cephalotrichum, Neocosmospora, Phialosimplex, and Papulaspora were the unique soil dominant fungal genera in rhizospheres of circular watermelon (CW); By contrast, Acremonium, Cladosporium, Cryptococcus_f__Tremellaceae, Sodiomyces, Microascus, Conocybe, Sporidiobolus, and Acremonium were the unique soil dominant fungal genera in rhizospheres of oval watermelons (OW). Additionally, Lechevalieria, Pseudorhodoferax, Pseudomonas, Massilia, Flavobacterium, Aeromicrobium, Stenotrophomonas, Pseudonocardia, Novosphingobium, Melittangium, and Herpetosiphon were the unique dominant endophytic bacterial genera in stems of CW; In contrast, Falsirhodobacter, Kocuria, and Kineosporia were the special dominant endophytic genera in stems of OW; Moreover, Lectera and Fusarium were the unique dominant endophytic fungal genera in stems of CW; By contrast, Cercospora only was the special dominant endophytic fungal genus in stems of OW. All above results suggested that watermelons with different fruit shapes exactly recruited various microorganisms in rhizospheres and stems. Meanwhile, the enrichments of the different rhizosphric and endophytic microorganisms could be speculated in relating to watermelon fruit shapes formation.
Topics: Rhizosphere; Citrullus; Endophytes; Fruit; Bacteria; Soil Microbiology; Fungi; Microbiota
PubMed: 38753836
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302462