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Marine Drugs Dec 2023Four new compounds, including two ascochlorin-type meroterpenoids acremocholrins A () and B (), one pyridone alkaloid acremopyridone A (), and one cyclopentenone...
Four new compounds, including two ascochlorin-type meroterpenoids acremocholrins A () and B (), one pyridone alkaloid acremopyridone A (), and one cyclopentenone derivative acremoketene A (), together with eight known compounds (- and -), were isolated and identified from the hadal trench-derived fungus YP-213. Their structures were determined with a detailed spectroscopic analysis of NMR and MS data, NOE analysis, octant rule and quantum chemical calculations of ECD, and NMR (with DP4+ probability analysis). Among the compounds, represent a novel scaffold derived from a pyridone alkaloid by cleavage of the C-16-C-17 bond following oxidation to give a ketone. Compounds , , and showed potent in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in transgenic zebrafish, while compound exhibited significant proangiogenic activity in transgenic zebrafish.
Topics: Animals; Zebrafish; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Fungi; Pyridones; Alkaloids; Acremonium
PubMed: 38248650
DOI: 10.3390/md22010025 -
Mycopathologia Jan 2024
Topics: Onychomycosis; Acremonium; Foot; Hand
PubMed: 38231463
DOI: 10.1007/s11046-023-00823-0 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Jan 2024A new species of the yeast genus Blastobotrys was discovered on ancient ship timbers in the Netherlands. The species had developed on the wood of a river barge dating to...
A new species of the yeast genus Blastobotrys was discovered on ancient ship timbers in the Netherlands. The species had developed on the wood of a river barge dating to the Roman period. The growth occurred after the preservative polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000) was washed out of some of the timbers due to an undetected leak in the storage unit. Mycological analysis of various timber samples revealed the presence of Microascus melanosporus (predominant), Microascus paisii, a member of the Acremonium chrysogenum-clade, and a new Blastrobotrys species. The new species produced sporothrix-like conidiophores with clavate blastoconidia (3-7 × 1-3.5 μm) and was found to be osmotolerant, capable of growth on low water activity media like malt yeast 50% glucose agar (MY50G). In this article we formally describe and introduce Blastrobotrys nigripullensis (CBS 17879) based on its morphology, physiology and phylogenetic placement.
Topics: Phylogeny; Netherlands; Saccharomycetales; Yeasts; DNA, Fungal; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Mycological Typing Techniques; Wood
PubMed: 38217778
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01898-x -
Huan Jing Ke Xue= Huanjing Kexue Jan 2024This study aimed to clarify the effect of long-term continuous cropping of pepper on soil fungal community structure, reveal the mechanism of continuous cropping...
This study aimed to clarify the effect of long-term continuous cropping of pepper on soil fungal community structure, reveal the mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles, and provide a theoretical basis for the ecological safety and sustainable development of pepper industry. We took the pepper continuous cropping soil in the vegetable greenhouse planting base of Tongren City as the research object. The diversity and community structure of fungi in farmland soil were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing, the responses of soil physio-chemical properties and fungal community characteristics to long-term continuous pepper cropping were discussed, and the relationships between the characteristics of fungal community structure and environmental factors were determined using CCA and correlation network analysis. The results showed that with the extension of pepper continuous cropping years, the soil pH value and organic matter (OM) content decreased, total phosphorus (TP) and available phosphorus (AP) contents increased, hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN) and available potassium (AK) contents decreased first and then increased, and total nitrogen (TN) and total potassium (TK) contents did not change significantly. Long-term continuous cropping decreased the Chao1 index and observed species index and decreased the Shannon index and Simpson index. The change in continuous cropping years had a significant effect on the relative abundance of soil fungal dominant flora. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota decreased with the extension of pepper continuous cropping years, the relative abundance of Ascomycota increased first and then decreased, and the relative abundance of Basidiomycota decreased first and then increased. At the genus level, with the increasing of pepper continuous cropping years, the relative abundance of increased, and the relative abundance of and decreased. In addition, long-term continuous cropping simplified the soil fungal symbiosis network. CCA analysis indicated that pH, OM, TN, AN, AP, and AK were the driving factors of soil fungal community structure, and correlation network analysis showed that pH, OM, TN, TP, TK, AN, AP, and AK were the driving factors of soil fungal community structure, including , , , , , , , and . In conclusion, continuous cropping changed the soil physical and chemical properties, affected the diversity and community structure of the soil fungal community, changed the interaction between microorganisms, and destroyed the microecological balance of the soil, which might explain obstacles associated with continuous cropped pepper.
Topics: Soil; Mycobiome; Soil Microbiology; Crops, Agricultural; Fusarium; Penicillium; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Potassium
PubMed: 38216503
DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202303078 -
Organic Letters Jan 2024Oxosorbicillinol and cage-like acresorbicillinol C are bioactive sorbicillinoids produced by . We found that a berberine bridge enzyme-like oxidase AcsorD was...
Oxosorbicillinol and cage-like acresorbicillinol C are bioactive sorbicillinoids produced by . We found that a berberine bridge enzyme-like oxidase AcsorD was responsible for their biosynthesis by gene deletion and heterologous expression. AcsorD catalyzed oxidation of sorbicillinol to form oxosorbicillinol in assays, which was successively condensed with sorbicillinol to form acresorbicillinol C spontaneously. Finally, site-directed mutation revealed that Tyr was the key residue in the catalysis of the oxidation reaction and unlocking cage-like acresorbicillinol C production.
Topics: Oxidoreductases; Cyclohexanones; Acremonium; Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating
PubMed: 38214302
DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03966 -
Phytopathology Jun 2024A phenomenon of pathogenicity attenuation of was consistently observed during its subculture on grape. To clarify the causes of attenuated pathogenicity of , culturable...
A phenomenon of pathogenicity attenuation of was consistently observed during its subculture on grape. To clarify the causes of attenuated pathogenicity of , culturable microbes were isolated from the mass (mycelia, sporangiophores, and sporangia) in each generation and tested for their biocontrol efficacies on grape downy mildew (GDM). The results showed that the incidence of GDM decreased with the increase in the number of subculture times on both vineyard-collected leaves and grape leaves from in vitro-grown seedlings. The number of culturable microbial taxa on the surface of decreased, whereas the population densities of four specific strains (i.e., K2, K7, P1, and P5) increased significantly with the increase in subculture times. Compared with the control, the biocontrol efficacies of the bacterial strain K2 reached 87.5%, and those of both fungal strains P1 and P5 reached 100.0%. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular sequences, strains K2, P1, and P5 were identified as , and , respectively, and these three strains survived very well and multiplied on the surface of As the number of times was subcultured increased, all three of these strains became the predominant strains, leading to greater inhibition, attenuated pathogenicity, and effective GDM biological control. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of and having biological control activity against GDM.
Topics: Plant Diseases; Oomycetes; Vitis; Plant Leaves; Biological Control Agents; Pest Control, Biological; Virulence
PubMed: 38205803
DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-10-23-0376-R -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2023is a soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus causing destructive Verticillium wilt disease. We previously found a trehalase-encoding gene () in being significantly...
is a soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus causing destructive Verticillium wilt disease. We previously found a trehalase-encoding gene () in being significantly up-regulated after sensing root exudates from a susceptible cotton variety. In this study, we characterized the function of in the growth and virulence of using its deletion-mutant strains. The deletion mutants () displayed slow colony expansion and mycelial growth, reduced conidial production and germination rate, and decreased mycelial penetration ability and virulence on cotton, but exhibited enhanced stress resistance, suggesting that is involved in the growth, pathogenesis, and stress resistance of . Host-induced silencing of in cotton reduced fungal biomass and enhanced cotton resistance against . Comparative transcriptome analysis between wild-type and mutant identified 1480 up-regulated and 1650 down-regulated genes in the strain. Several down-regulated genes encode plant cell wall-degrading enzymes required for full virulence of to cotton, and down-regulated genes related to carbon metabolism, DNA replication, and amino acid biosynthesis seemed to be responsible for the decreased growth of the strain. In contrast, up-regulation of several genes related to glycerophospholipid metabolism in the strain enhanced the stress resistance of the mutated strain.
Topics: Trehalase; Virulence; Ascomycota; Gossypium; Acremonium; Verticillium
PubMed: 38203466
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010294 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Nov 2023A subcutaneous infection in the form of pseudomycetoma is rare. are rarely considered to be pathogenic in subcutaneous infections due to their ubiquitous nature. We...
A subcutaneous infection in the form of pseudomycetoma is rare. are rarely considered to be pathogenic in subcutaneous infections due to their ubiquitous nature. We report a case of subcutaneous pseudomycetoma over the dorsolateral aspect of the left knee caused by in a 55-year-old diabetic male who was treated successfully with oral itraconazole.
PubMed: 38186822
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_912_23 -
Parasitology Research Jan 2024Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic vector-borne disease with worldwide distribution. All current approaches in leishmaniasis control or development of vaccines/cures showed...
Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic vector-borne disease with worldwide distribution. All current approaches in leishmaniasis control or development of vaccines/cures showed only limited success. Recently, paratransgenesis has been marked as a promising strategy for leishmaniasis control. Thus, the investigations of the gut microbial content of sand flies have gained popularity. Gut microbial composition of the laboratory colony of Phlebotomus papatasi was investigated via microbial culturomics approach which refers to the combination of multiple culture conditions and different selective and/or enriched culture mediums, followed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Investigations were conducted on three offspring generations, with six samplings of immature stages (four larval samplings, one pre-pupa, one pupa) and samplings of adults before and after blood feeding. The aim was to determine if microbiome changes during the sand fly development and to identify bacteria with transstadial potential. The presence of 8 bacterial taxa (Bacillus sp., Terribacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Alcaligenes sp., Microbacterium sp., Leucobacter sp., Ochrobactrum sp. and Enterobacter sp.), 2 fungi (Fusarium sp. and Acremonium sp.) and 1 yeast (Candida sp.) were recorded. Gram-positive bacteria were more diverse, but gram-negative bacteria were more abundant. All taxa were recorded among immature stage samples, while only one bacterium was detected in adults. Microbial diversity among larval samples was stable, with a steady decrease in pre-pupa and pupa, resulting in the survival of only Ochrobactrum sp. in adults. Abundance of microbes was higher when larvae were actively feeding, with a gradual decrease after larvae stopped feeding and commenced pupation. Ochrobactrum sp. is the bacteria with transstadial potential, worthy of future in-depth analysis for the application in paratransgenic approach for the control of Leishmania sp.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Leishmaniasis; Phlebotomus; Psychodidae; Culture Media
PubMed: 38175278
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08087-9 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023Plant-endophytic microbes affect plant growth, development, nutrition, and resistance to pathogens. However, how endophytic microbial communities change in different...
Plant-endophytic microbes affect plant growth, development, nutrition, and resistance to pathogens. However, how endophytic microbial communities change in different strawberry plant compartments after pathogen infection has remained elusive. In this study, 16S and internal transcribed spacer rRNA amplicon sequencing were used to systematically investigate changes in the bacterial and fungal diversity and composition in the endophytic compartments (roots, stems, and leaves) of healthy strawberries and strawberries with wilt, respectively. The analysis of the diversity, structure, and composition of the bacterial and fungal communities revealed a strong effect of pathogen invasion on the endophytic communities. The bacterial and fungal community diversity was lower in the -infected endophytic compartments than in the healthy samples. The relative abundance of certain bacterial and fungal genera also changed after wilt infection. The relative abundance of the beneficial bacterial genera , , , , , and , as well as fungal genera , , , and , were higher in the healthy samples than in the wilt samples. The relative abundance of in the infected samples was significantly higher than that in the healthy samples, consistent with the field observations and culture isolation results for strawberry wilt. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the isolation, identification, and control of strawberry wilt disease.
PubMed: 38140478
DOI: 10.3390/plants12244153