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Current Microbiology Feb 2024The strains Marseille-Q7072 (= CSUR Q7072 = CECT 30604) and Marseille-Q7826 (= CSUR Q7826 = CECT 30727) were isolated from vaginal samples. As MALDI-TOF mass...
The strains Marseille-Q7072 (= CSUR Q7072 = CECT 30604) and Marseille-Q7826 (= CSUR Q7826 = CECT 30727) were isolated from vaginal samples. As MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry failed to identify them, their genomes were directly sequenced to determine their taxogenomic identities. Both strains are anaerobic without any oxidase and catalase activity. C is the most abundant fatty acid for both strains. Strain Marseille-Q7072 is non-spore-forming, non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, and coccus-shaped, while strain Marseille-Q7826 is non-spore-forming, motile, Gram-stain-variable, and curved rod-shaped. The genomic comparison of the Marseille-Q7072 and Marseille-Q7826 strains showed that all digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) and mean orthologous nucleotide identity (OrthoANI) values were below published species thresholds (70% and 95-96%, respectively) with other closely related species with standing in nomenclature. Thus, we conclude that both strains are new bacterial species. Strain Marseille-Q7072 is a new member of the Bacillota phylum, for which the name Peptoniphilus genitalis sp. nov. is proposed, while the Marseille-Q7826 strain is a new member of the Actinomycetota phylum, for which the name Mobiluncus massiliensis sp. nov. is proposed.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mobiluncus; Bacteria; Clostridiales; Microbiota; DNA
PubMed: 38372813
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03584-7 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Feb 2024BACKGROUND Actinomycosis is a clinically significant but uncommon infectious disease caused by anaerobic commensals of Actinomyces species, and the incidence of thoracic...
BACKGROUND Actinomycosis is a clinically significant but uncommon infectious disease caused by anaerobic commensals of Actinomyces species, and the incidence of thoracic empyema is rare. We report an extremely rare case of empyema caused by Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii). CASE REPORT A 39-year-old man presented to our hospital with fever and dyspnea. He had massive pleural effusion and was diagnosed with a left lower-lobe abscess and left thoracic empyema. Thoracic drainage was performed and Ampicillin/Sulbactam was administered for 3 weeks. Four years later, the patient presented with back pain, and chest X-ray showed increased left pleural effusion. After close examination, malignant pleural mesothelioma was suspected, and computed tomography-guided needle biopsy was performed, which yielded a viscous purulent pleural effusion with numerous greenish-yellow sulfur granules. A. naeslundii was identified through anaerobic culture. Thoracoscopic surgery of the empyema cavity was conducted, and Ampicillin/Sulbactam followed by Amoxicillin/Clavulanate was administered for approximately 6 months. No recurrence has been observed for 1 year since the surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS Actinomyces empyema is a rare condition, and this case is the second reported occurrence of empyema caused by A. naeslundii. The visual identification of sulfur granules contributed to the diagnosis. Long-term antibiotic therapy plays a crucial role in treatment.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Sulbactam; Empyema, Pleural; Actinomyces; Empyema; Pleural Effusion; Ampicillin; Sulfur
PubMed: 38368503
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.943030 -
Spinal Cord Series and Cases Feb 2024Intramedullary spinal cord abscesses (ISCA) are rare and caused by central nervous system infections. Although polymicrobial infections are rarely seen in ISCAs,... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Intramedullary spinal cord abscesses (ISCA) are rare and caused by central nervous system infections. Although polymicrobial infections are rarely seen in ISCAs, isolation of the causative pathogen is important for treatment. Here, we describe a very rare case of ISCA resulting from a mixed Streptococcus and Actinomyces infection.
CASE PRESENTATION
An 82-year-old man presented with acute posterior cervical pain and progressive quadriplegia. Radiological investigations revealed a mass lesion showing marginal enhancement at the level of the C3-4 vertebrae. Microsurgical drainage was performed, and Streptococcus and Actinomyces were identified as causative agents. Subsequent antibiotic treatment was noted to be beneficial to the patient.
DISCUSSION
This case suggests that mixed infection can develop into ISCA depending on the causative agents such as Actinomyces. Prompt pathogen-directed antibacterial therapy is required for ISCA treatment.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged, 80 and over; Abscess; Actinomyces; Spinal Cord Diseases; Streptococcus; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38368389
DOI: 10.1038/s41394-024-00618-5 -
Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Jun 2024We report a 77-year-old man with a skin abscess caused by Actinomyces radingae. Targeted antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for 6 weeks resulted in...
We report a 77-year-old man with a skin abscess caused by Actinomyces radingae. Targeted antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for 6 weeks resulted in clearing of the infection. A. radingae is a rare pathogenic agent of skin and soft tissue infections. As with other Actinomyces infections, the early identification of the pathogen and specific antibiotic therapy is crucial for successful resolution of the infection because of the chronic course and the long treatment time needed. Usually, A. radingae is sensitive to β‑lactam antibiotics.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Abscess; Actinomycosis; Actinomyces; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38361042
DOI: 10.1007/s00105-024-05313-y -
Journal of Basic Microbiology Apr 2024This study aimed to isolate biosurfactant-producing and hydrocarbon-degrading actinomycetes from different soils using glycerol-asparagine and starch-casein media with...
This study aimed to isolate biosurfactant-producing and hydrocarbon-degrading actinomycetes from different soils using glycerol-asparagine and starch-casein media with an antifungal agent. The glycerol-asparagine agar exhibited the highest number of actinomycetes, with a white, low-opacity medium supporting pigment production and high growth. Biosurfactant analyses, such as drop collapse, oil displacement, emulsification, tributyrin agar test, and surface tension measurement, were conducted. Out of 25 positive isolates, seven could utilize both olive oil and black oil for biosurfactant production, and only isolate RP1 could produce biosurfactant when grown in constrained conditions with black oil as the sole carbon source and inducer, demonstrating in situ bioremediation potential. Isolate RP1 from oil-spilled garden soil is Gram-staining-positive with a distinct earthy odor, melanin formation, and white filamentous colonies. It has a molecular size of ~621 bp and 100% sequence similarity to many Streptomyces spp. Morphological, biochemical, and 16 S rRNA analysis confirmed it as Streptomyces sp. RP1, showing positive results in all screenings, including high emulsification activity against kerosene (27.2%) and engine oil (95.8%), oil displacement efficiency against crude oil (7.45 cm), and a significant reduction in surface tension (56.7 dynes/cm). Streptomyces sp. RP1 can utilize citrate as a carbon source, tolerate sodium chloride, resist lysozyme, degrade petroleum hydrocarbons, and produce biosurfactant at 37°C in a 15 mL medium culture, indicating great potential for bioremediation and various downstream industrial applications with optimization.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Streptomyces; Actinomyces; Biodegradation, Environmental; Agar; Glycerol; Asparagine; Hydrocarbons; Petroleum; Carbon; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 38346247
DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300585 -
BMC Genomic Data Feb 2024Recent advancements in genome-based taxonomic classification propose the reclassification of certain Actinomyces species into new genera, including Schaalia. Schaalia...
OBJECTIVE
Recent advancements in genome-based taxonomic classification propose the reclassification of certain Actinomyces species into new genera, including Schaalia. Schaalia odontolytica, the type species within this genus, is frequently found in the human oral cavity and has been associated with actinomycotic lesions. Currently, only two complete genomes of S. odontolytica strains have been reported. Recognizing the limited research on subspecies-level variation of S. odontolytica, we conducted genome sequencing of strain KHUD_008, isolated from a Korean periodontitis patient's subgingival biofilm. Additionally, we performed a comparative genome analysis using previously sequenced genomes of strain XH001 and strain FDAARGOS_732, both derived from the human oral cavity.
DATA DESCRIPTION
Pacific Biosciences Sequel II sequencing generated 15,904 and 76,557 raw sequencing sub-reads, which were integrated to assemble the de novo genome using the Microbial Genome Analysis pipeline in the Single-Molecule Real-Time Analysis. The genome assembly completeness, assessed by Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs, reached 99.2%. The genome is 2,389,595 bp with a GC content of 66.37%, and contains 2,002 protein-coding genes, 9 rRNAs, and 48 tRNA. Comparative analysis with two previously sequenced strains revealed many strain-specific genes in KHUD_008, primarily related to envelope biogenesis and replication/recombination/repair processes.
Topics: Humans; Genome; Actinomycetaceae; Base Sequence; Biofilms
PubMed: 38336675
DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01184-9 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2024The etiological factors of Cholestatic Liver Diseases especially primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are not fully illustrated. It...
BACKGROUND
The etiological factors of Cholestatic Liver Diseases especially primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are not fully illustrated. It has been reported in previous observational studies that gut microbiota are associated with cholestatic liver diseases. However, there is uncertainty regarding the causality of this association. By using Mendelian randomization, this study aimed to examine the causal impact of gut microbiota on cholestatic liver diseases.
METHODS
From large-scale genome-wide association studies, genetic instruments for each gut microbiota taxa as well as primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis were developed. Subsequently, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis, supplemented by multiple sensitivity analyses. Additionally, we performed reverse MR analyses to investigate the possibility of the reverse causal association.
RESULT
This two-sample MR study indicated that the was associated with a decreased risk of developing PBC, and that may be factors that increase the risk of PBC. On the other hand, we also identified were positively associated with PSC. The , and were found negative associations with the risk of PSC. The reverse MR analysis demonstrated no statistically significant relationship between PBC, PSC and these specific gut microbial taxa.
CONCLUSION
Our findings offered novel evidence that the abundance of particular bacteria contributes to the risk of PBC and PSC, which may contribute to more effective approaches to PBC and PSC therapy and prevention.
PubMed: 38327703
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1342119 -
Systematic and Applied Microbiology May 2024Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens (Microbacteriaceae), a plant-pathogenic coryneform species includes five pathovars with valid names and a number of proposed - but...
Multiphasic investigations imply transfer of orange-/red-pigmented strains of the bean pathogen Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens to a new species as C. aurantiacum sp. nov., elevation of the poinsettia pathogen C. flaccumfaciens pv. poinsettiae to the species level as C. Poinsettiae...
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens (Microbacteriaceae), a plant-pathogenic coryneform species includes five pathovars with valid names and a number of proposed - but unvalidated - new members. In this study, phenotypic features and DNA similarity indexes were investigated among all C. flaccumfaciens members. Results showed that the C. flaccumfaciens pv. poinsettiae strains causing bacterial canker of Euphorbia pulcherrima in the USA as well as the orange-/red-pigmented strains of C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens pathogenic on dry beans in Iran are too distinct from each other and from the type strain of the species to be considered members of C. flaccumfaciens. Hence, the latter two groups were elevated at the species level as C. poinsettiae sp. nov. (ATCC 9682 = CFBP 2403 = ICMP 2566 = LMG 3715 = NCPPB 854 as type strain), and C. aurantiacum sp. nov. (50R = CFBP 8819 = ICMP 22071 as type strain). Within the emended species C. flaccumfaciens comb. nov., yellow-pigmented strains causing bacterial wilt of dry beans and those causing bacterial canker of Euphorbia pulcherrima in Europe were retained as C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens and C. flaccumfaciens pv. poinsettiae, respectively; while taxonomic position of the sugar beet pathogen C. flaccumfaciens pv. beticola ATCC BAA144 was confirmed. The newly described onion pathogen C. allii was also reclassified as C. flaccumfaciens pv. allii with the pathotype strain LMG 32517. Furthermore, C. flaccumfaciens pv. basellae causing bacterial leaf spot of malabar spinach (Basella rubra) was transferred to C. citreum pv. basellae with ATCC BAA143 as pathotype.
Topics: Plant Diseases; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; DNA, Bacterial; Iran; Euphorbia; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Fabaceae; Phenotype; Actinomycetaceae; United States
PubMed: 38325043
DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2024.126489 -
Medicine Feb 2024Actinomyces odontolyticus causes a rare, chronic granulomatous infection that is frequently associated with immunocompromised states. A odontolyticus can cause infection...
RATIONALE
Actinomyces odontolyticus causes a rare, chronic granulomatous infection that is frequently associated with immunocompromised states. A odontolyticus can cause infection in multiple organs, but empyema is rare.
PATIENT CONCERNS
We report a case of empyema caused by A odontolyticus. The patient was a 64-year-old man. He was admitted to the hospital with a 5-day history of fever and dyspnea. He had caries and sequelae of cerebral apoplexy.
DIAGNOSES
Metagenome next generation sequencing of pleural effusion was positive for A odontolyticus. Pathogen was identified by biphasic culture of pleural effusion fluid.
INTERVENTIONS
According to the drug sensitivity test, linezolid 0.6 g twice daily and clindamycin 0.6 g 3 times a day were administered intravenously. Thoracic drainage was initially performed, but the drainage was not sufficient. Medical thoracoscopy was performed to fully drain the pleural effusion.
OUTCOMES
After anti-infection and medical thoracoscopic therapy, the symptoms of this patient improved.
LESSONS
Microbial metagenome sequencing can find pathogens that are difficult to culture by traditional methods. Adequate drainage was the key to the treatment of empyema. Medical thoracoscopy was recommended to remove the pleural effusion and spoilage when thoracic drainage is difficult. The common clinical features of A odontolyticus include a mass or swelling, abdominal disease, dental disease, and subcutaneous abscesses. Microbial metagenome sequencing can find pathogens that are difficult to culture by traditional methods. Adequate drainage was the key to the treatment of empyema. Medical thoracoscopy was recommended to remove the pleural effusion and spoilage when thoracic drainage is difficult.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Empyema, Pleural; Pleural Effusion; Thoracoscopy; Drainage; Actinomyces; Actinomycetaceae
PubMed: 38306531
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037003 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Mar 2024Actinomycosis is an uncommon infection caused by Actinomyces species, and the diagnosis is often challenging owing to low prevalence and diverse clinical manifestations....
Actinomycosis is an uncommon infection caused by Actinomyces species, and the diagnosis is often challenging owing to low prevalence and diverse clinical manifestations. Pericardial involvement of actinomycosis is particularly rare. Here, we present a case of a 79-year-old man who initially complained of exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, and decreased urine amount. There was no fever, chest pain, or productive cough. Physical examination was remarkable for decreased breath sounds at the left lower lung field. Poor dental hygiene and a firm, well-defined mass without discharge over the hard palate were noted. Echocardiography revealed reduced ejection fraction of the left ventricle, global hypokinesia, and thickened pericardium (> 5 mm) with a small amount of pericardial effusion. On admission, the patient underwent diagnostic thoracentesis, and the results suggested an exudate. However, bacterial and fungal cultures were all negative. There was no malignant cell by cytology. Computed tomography revealed contrast-enhanced pericardial nodular masses. Video-assisted thoracoscopic pericardial biopsy was performed. Histopathology confirmed actinomycosis with chronic abscess formation, and a tissue culture yielded Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The symptoms resolved with administration of clindamycin for 6 months. This case highlights the challenge in the diagnosis of cardiac actinomycosis, the potential role of concomitant microorganisms as diagnostic clues, and the favorable clinical response achieved with appropriate antibiotic treatment.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Oral Hygiene; Actinomycosis; Actinomyces; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pericardium
PubMed: 38295417
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0618