-
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer &... May 2024A 73-year-old woman underwent a descending colectomy for descending colon cancer. The tumor was graded as pStage Ⅲb(pT3[SS], pN1b, pM0, Cur A), according to the 9th...
A 73-year-old woman underwent a descending colectomy for descending colon cancer. The tumor was graded as pStage Ⅲb(pT3[SS], pN1b, pM0, Cur A), according to the 9th edition of the Japanese Classification of Colorectal, Appendiceal, and Anal Carcinoma. Postoperative treatment of adjuvant chemotherapy comprised oral tegafur/uracil and Leucovorin for 6 months with no evident recurrence. However, contrast-enhanced CT and FDG-PET/CT examination 8 years and 7 months after surgery revealed a 30 mm irregular recurrent tumor in the left iliac fossa. Since the tumor was adjacent to the left psoas muscle, it was considered that RM0(no tumor identified at the radial margin)could not be achieved in that region. Owing to the patient's good general condition, systemic chemotherapy with CAPOX+bevacizumab was administered. Although adverse events prompted discontinuation of the treatment during the first course, the recurrent tumor had significantly regressed. Systemic chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6+bevacizumab as selected subsequent treatment achieved a significant tumor shrinkage to date. Although a recurrence more than 5 years after curative resection of colorectal cancer is extremely rare, the possibility of late recurrence must be considered in patients with well-differentiated tumors who received adjuvant chemotherapy and had negative vascular invasion.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Female; Colonic Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Recurrence; Colectomy; Time Factors; Colon, Descending; Bevacizumab; Treatment Outcome; Leucovorin
PubMed: 38881069
DOI: No ID Found -
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer &... May 2024Metastatic colorectal cancer with KRAS wild type is treated using a range of drug regimens, including fluorouracil, irinotecan, and Leucovorin(FOLFIRI)plus...
OBJECTIVE
Metastatic colorectal cancer with KRAS wild type is treated using a range of drug regimens, including fluorouracil, irinotecan, and Leucovorin(FOLFIRI)plus bevacizumab(Bmab), cetuximab(Cmab), or panitumumab(Pmab). The present study aimed to identify the optimal regimen using a decision analysis method, in combination with clinical and economic evidence.
METHOD
A simple Markov model with a monthly cycle time was constructed. Probabilistic variables for input into the model were derived from randomized controlled trials. Direct costs for the drugs, laboratory analyses, and medical staff were calculated and used in the model.
RESULTS
The expected survival times and costs of FOLFIRI alone and combination therapies were 20.9 months and 2,299,198 yen for FOLFIRI, 29.9 months and 8,929,888 yen for Bmab, 27.8 months and 11,811,849 yen for Cmab, and 22.6 months and 8,795,622 yen for Pmab. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios to FOLFIRI were 736,743 yen/month for Bmab, 1,378,645 yen/month for Cmab, and 3,821,426 yen/month for Pmab.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggested that these regimens were not sufficiently cost-effective, although they have excellent therapeutic efficacy. From the economic point of view, these combination regimens were inferior to FOLFIRI alone.
Topics: Leucovorin; Humans; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Fluorouracil; Camptothecin; Neoplasm Metastasis; Clinical Decision-Making; Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
PubMed: 38881065
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024The purpose of this research was to examine the potential effects of bentonite (BN) supplemented diets on growth, feed utilization, blood biochemistry, and...
Bentonite-supplemented diets improved fish performance ammonia excretion haemato-biochemical analyses immunity antioxidants and histological characteristics of European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax.
The purpose of this research was to examine the potential effects of bentonite (BN) supplemented diets on growth, feed utilization, blood biochemistry, and histomorphology of Dicentrarchus labrax. Six treatments in triplicate were tested: B0, B0.5, B1.0, B1.5, B3.0, and B4.5, which represented fish groups fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 3, and 4.5% BN, respectively. For 84 days, juveniles' seabass (initial weight = 32.73 g) were fed diets containing 46% protein, three times daily at 3% of body weight. With a 5% daily water exchange, underground seawater (32 ppt) was used. Findings revealed significant improvements in water quality (TAN and NH3), growth (FW, WG and SGR) and feed utilization (FCR, PER and PPV) in fish fed BN-supplemented diets, with the best values in favor of the B1.5 group. Additional enhancements in kidney function indicators (urea and uric acid) and liver enzymes were observed in fish of the BN-treated groups along with a decrease in cholesterol level in the B1.5 group. Further improvements in fish innate immunity (hemoglobin, red blood cells, glucose, total protein, globulin, and immunoglobulin IgM), antioxidant activity (total antioxidative capacity and catalase), and decreased cortisol levels in fish of the BN-treated groups. Histological examinations of the anterior and posterior intestines and liver in groups B1.5 and B3 revealed the healthiest organs. This study recommends BN at a concentration of 1.5% as a feed additive in the Dicentrarchus labrax diet.
Topics: Animals; Bass; Antioxidants; Dietary Supplements; Bentonite; Ammonia; Animal Feed; Diet
PubMed: 38879696
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63936-6 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024The problem of cadmium pollution and its control is becoming increasingly severe issue in the world. Banana straw is an abundant bio raw material, but its burning or...
The problem of cadmium pollution and its control is becoming increasingly severe issue in the world. Banana straw is an abundant bio raw material, but its burning or discarding in field not only causes pollution but also spreads fusarium wilt. The objective of this paper is to utilize biochar derived from the wilt-infected banana straw for remediation of Cd(II) pollution while to eliminate the pathogen. The activity of wilt pathogen in biochar was determined by PDA petri dish test. The Cd(II) adsorption of the biochar was determined by batch adsorption experiments. The effects of KOH concentration (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 M) on the physicochemical characteristics of the biochar were also observed by BET, SEM, FTIR, XRD and XPS. Results showed that pristine banana straw biochar (PBBC) did not harbor any pathogen. The specific surface area (SSA) and Cd(II) adsorption capacity of 0.75 M KOH modified banana straw biochar (MBBC) were increased by 247.2% and 46.1% compared to that of PBBC, respectively. Cd(II) adsorption by MBBC was suitable to be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm. After Cd(II) adsorption, the CdCO were confirmed by XRD and observed through SEM. The weakness and shift of oxygen-containing functional groups in MBBC after Cd(II) adsorption implied that those groups were complexed with Cd(II). The results showed that pyrolysis could not only eliminate banana fusarium wilt, but also prepare porous biochar with the wilt-infected banana straw. The porous biochar possessed the potential to adsorb Cd(II) pollutants.
Topics: Musa; Charcoal; Fusarium; Cadmium; Adsorption; Porosity; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Plant Diseases; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Kinetics
PubMed: 38879683
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63954-4 -
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology Jun 2024ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is an effective antimicrobial peptide for controlling fungal plant diseases, exhibiting significant antifungal activity and safety. Despite its...
ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is an effective antimicrobial peptide for controlling fungal plant diseases, exhibiting significant antifungal activity and safety. Despite its known efficacy, the potential of ε-PL in combating plant bacterial diseases remains underexplored. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ε-PL and its nanomaterial derivative in managing tomato bacterial spot disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Results indicated that ε-PL substantially inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Additionally, when ε-PL was loaded onto attapulgite (encoded as ATT@PL), its antibacterial effect was significantly enhanced. Notably, the antibacterial efficiency of ATT@PL containing 18.80 μg/mL ε-PL was even close to that of 100 μg/mL pure ε-PL. Further molecular study results showed that, ATT@PL stimulated the antioxidant system and the salicylic acid signaling pathway in tomatoes, bolstering the plants disease resistance. Importantly, the nanocomposite demonstrated no negative effects on both seed germination and plant growth, indicating its safety and aligning with sustainable agricultural practices. This study not only confirmed the effectiveness of ε-PL in controlling tomato bacterial spot disease, but also introduced an innovative high antibacterial efficiency ε-PL composite with good bio-safety. This strategy we believe can also be used in improving other bio-pesticides, and has high applicability in agriculture practice.
Topics: Pseudomonas syringae; Solanum lycopersicum; Polylysine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Plant Diseases; Silicon Compounds; Magnesium Compounds
PubMed: 38879341
DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105959 -
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology Jun 2024Due to the widespread use of metolachlor (MET), the accumulation of MET and its metabolites in the environment has brought serious health problems to aquatic organisms....
Due to the widespread use of metolachlor (MET), the accumulation of MET and its metabolites in the environment has brought serious health problems to aquatic organisms. At present, the toxicity of MET on the physiological metabolism of aquatic animals mainly focused on the role of enzymes. There is still a lack of research on the molecular mechanisms of MET hepatotoxicity, especially on antagonizing MET toxicity. Therefore, this study focuses on grass carp hepatocytes (L8824 cells) closely related to toxin accumulation. By establishing a MET exposed L8824 cells model, it is determined that MET exposure induces pyrolytic inflammation of L8824 cells. Subsequent mechanistic studies found that MET exposure induces pyroptosis in L8824 cells through mitochondrial dysfunction, and siCaspase-1 inhibits the MET induced ROS production, suggesting a regulation of ROS-NLRP3- Caspase-1 pyroptotic inflammation cycling center in MET induced injury to L8824 cells. Molecular docking revealed a strong binding energy between melatonin (MT) and Caspase-1. Finally, a model of L8824 cells with MT intervention in MET exposure was established. MT can antagonize the pyroptosis induced by MET exposure in L8824 cells by targeting Caspase-1, thereby restoring mitochondrial function and inhibiting the ROS-pyroptosis cycle. This study discovered targets and mechanisms of MT regulating pyroptosis in MET exposed-L8824 cells, and the results are helpful to provide new targets for the design of MET antidotes.
Topics: Animals; Carps; Melatonin; Hepatocytes; Acetamides; Molecular Docking Simulation; Reactive Oxygen Species; Cell Line; Pyroptosis; Caspase 1; Herbicides; Computer Simulation; Mitochondria
PubMed: 38879323
DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105930 -
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology Jun 2024Paraquat (PQ) poisoning leads to irreversible fibrosis in the lungs with high mortality and no known antidote. In this study, we investigated the effect of the SET and...
Paraquat (PQ) poisoning leads to irreversible fibrosis in the lungs with high mortality and no known antidote. In this study, we investigated the effect of the SET and MYND domain containing 2 (SMYD2) on PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and its potential mechanisms. We established an in vivo PQ-induced PF mouse model by intraperitoneal injection of PQ (20 mg/kg) and in vitro PQ (25 μM)-injured MLE-12 cell model. On the 15th day of administration, tissue injury, inflammation, and fibrosis in mice were evaluated using various methods including routine blood counts, blood biochemistry, blood gas analysis, western blotting, H&E staining, ELISA, Masson staining, and immunofluorescence. The findings indicated that AZ505 administration mitigated tissue damage, inflammation, and collagen deposition in PQ-poisoned mice. Mechanistically, both in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that AZ505 treatment suppressed the PQ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by downregulating GLI pathogenesis related 2 (GLIPR2) and ERK/p38 pathway. Further investigations demonstrated that SMYD2 inhibition decreased GLIPR2 methylation and facilitated GLIPR2 ubiquitination, leading to GLIPR2 destabilization in PQ-exposed MLE-12 cells. Moreover, rescue experiments conducted in vitro demonstrated that GLIPR2 overexpression eliminated the inhibitory effect of AZ505 on the ERK/p38 pathway and EMT. Our results reveal that the SMYD2 inhibitor AZ505 may act as a novel therapeutic candidate to suppress the EMT process by modulating the GLIPR2/ERK/p38 axis in PQ-induced PF.
Topics: Animals; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Mice; Paraquat; Male; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Cell Line; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
PubMed: 38879290
DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105971 -
The Science of the Total Environment Sep 2024The screening and design of "green" biochar materials with high adsorption capacity play a pivotal role in promoting the sustainable treatment of Cd(II)-containing...
The screening and design of "green" biochar materials with high adsorption capacity play a pivotal role in promoting the sustainable treatment of Cd(II)-containing wastewater. In this study, six typical machine learning (ML) models, namely Linear Regression, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree, CatBoost, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Backpropagation Neural Network, were employed to accurately predict the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) onto biochars. A large dataset with 1051 data points was generated using 21 input variables obtained from batch adsorption experiments, including preparation conditions for biochar (2 features), physical properties of biochar (4 features), chemical composition of biochar (9 features), and adsorption experiment conditions (6 features). The rigorous evaluation and comparison of the ML models revealed that the CatBoost model exhibited the highest test R value (0.971) and the lowest RMSE (20.54 mg/g), significantly outperforming all other models. The feature importance analysis using Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) indicated that biochar chemical compositions had the greatest impact on model predictions of adsorption capacity (42.2 %), followed by adsorption conditions (37.57 %), biochar physical characteristics (12.38 %), and preparation conditions (7.85 %). The optimal experimental conditions optimized by partial dependence plots (PDP) are as follows: as high Cd(II) concentration as possible, C(%) of 33 %, N(%) of 0.3 %, adsorption time of 600 min, pyrolysis time of 50 min, biochar dosage of less than 2 g/L, O(%) of 42 %, biochar pH value of 11.2, and DBE of 1.15. This study unveils novel insights into the adsorption of Cd(II) and provides a comprehensive reference for the sustainable engineering of biochars in Cd(II) wastewater treatment.
Topics: Charcoal; Adsorption; Machine Learning; Cadmium; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Models, Chemical; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Waste Disposal, Fluid
PubMed: 38879031
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173955 -
Journal of Environmental Management Jul 2024Biochar is a carbonaceous solid that is prepared through thermo-chemical decomposition of biomass under an inert atmosphere. The present study compares the performance...
Biochar is a carbonaceous solid that is prepared through thermo-chemical decomposition of biomass under an inert atmosphere. The present study compares the performance of biochar prepared from Peanut shell, coconut shell and walnut shell in dual chamber microbial fuel cell. The physicochemical and electrochemical analysis of biochar reveals that prepared biochar is macroporous, amorphous, biocompatible, and electrochemically conductive. Polarization studies show that Peanut shell biochar (PSB) exhibited a maximum power density of 165 mW/m followed by Coconut shell biochar (CSB) Activated Charcoal (AC) and Walnut shell biochar (WSB). Enhanced power density of PSB was attributed to its surface area and suitable pore size distribution which proved conducive for biofilm formation. Furthermore, the high electrical capacitance of PSB improved the electron transfer between microbes and anode.
Topics: Bioelectric Energy Sources; Electrodes; Charcoal; Cocos; Juglans; Arachis; Biofilms
PubMed: 38878572
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121422 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Aug 2024In this study, the activation of peroxydisulfate (PS) by KFeO-activation biochar (KFeB) and acid-picking KFeO-activation biochar (AKFeB) was investigated to reveal the...
In this study, the activation of peroxydisulfate (PS) by KFeO-activation biochar (KFeB) and acid-picking KFeO-activation biochar (AKFeB) was investigated to reveal the mechanism differences between iron site and graphitic structure in sulfadiazine (SDZ) degradation and ARB inactivation, respectively. KFeB/PS and AKFeB/PS systems had similar degradation property towards SDZ, but only KFeB/PS system showed excellent bactericidal property. The mechanism study demonstrated that dissolved SDZ was degraded through electron transfer pathway mediated by graphitic structure, while suspended ARB was inactivated through free radicals generated by iron-activated PS, accompanied by excellent removal on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The significant decrease in conjugative transfer frequency indicated the reduced horizontal gene transfer risk of ARGs after treatment with KFeB/PS system. Transcriptome data suggested that membrane protein channel disruption and adenosine triphosphate synthesis inhibition were key reasons for conjugative transfer frequency reduction. Continuous flow reactor of KFeB/PS system can efficiently remove antibiotics and ARB, implying the potential application in practical wastewater purification. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights for classified and collaborative control of antibiotics and ARB by carbon-based catalysts driven persulfate advanced oxidation technology.
Topics: Charcoal; Sulfadiazine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Iron; Graphite; Sulfates; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Bacteria; Water Purification; Peroxides
PubMed: 38878442
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134907