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Analytical Chemistry May 2024Currently, fluorescent "turn-on" lateral flow assay (FONLFA) has shown enhanced "naked eye" detection sensitivity for small molecules, while it is urgent to adopt...
Currently, fluorescent "turn-on" lateral flow assay (FONLFA) has shown enhanced "naked eye" detection sensitivity for small molecules, while it is urgent to adopt biocompatible fluorescent nanomaterials and needs new strategies to simplify the preparation process. In this study, a highly effective method was proposed to produce FONLFA strips for the detection of small molecules. The gold-silver nanoclusters (AuAgNCs) were immobilized onto the nitrocellulose membrane of the strips by the self-assembly of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate), antigen, and AuAgNCs. The immobilization process entails a straightforward mixing of the three components, taking merely 1 min, thereby bypassing the necessity for chemical modification of fluorescent nanomaterials. The strategy offers a significantly simplified process, which substantially enhances the efficiency of the strip fabrication. Utilizing this method, a FONLFA was developed for carbendazim with a visual limit of detection (vLOD) reduced by 40-fold compared with the conventional colorimetric lateral flow assay (LFA). Furthermore, the approach demonstrates versatility by enabling the immobilization of AuAgNCs and streptavidin, which facilitates the development of aptamer-based FONLFAs. The designed aptamer-based FONLFA for kanamycin exhibited a 50-fold reduction in the vLOD compared with conventional colorimetric LFAs. Therefore, FONLFA holds promising potential for widespread applications in the analysis of small molecules.
Topics: Gold; Silver; Metal Nanoparticles; Fluorescent Dyes; Limit of Detection; Aptamers, Nucleotide; Spectrometry, Fluorescence
PubMed: 38687680
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00956 -
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024In this research, a method was developed for fabricating Au-Au nanorod array substrates through the deposition of large-area Au nanostructures on an Au nanorod array...
In this research, a method was developed for fabricating Au-Au nanorod array substrates through the deposition of large-area Au nanostructures on an Au nanorod array using a galvanic cell reaction. The incorporation of a granular structure enhanced both the number and intensity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) hot spots on the substrate, thereby elevating the SERS performance beyond that of substrates composed solely of an Au nanorod. Calculations using the finite difference time domain method confirmed the generation of a strong electromagnetic field around the nanoparticles. Motivated by the electromotive force, Au ions in the chloroauric acid solution were reduced to form nanostructures on the nanorod array. The size and distribution density of these granular nanostructures could be modulated by varying the reaction time and the concentration of chloroauric acid. The resulting Au-Au nanorod array substrate exhibited an active, uniform, and reproducible SERS effect. With 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene as the probe molecule, the detection sensitivity of the Au-Au nanorod array substrate was enhanced to 10 M, improving by five orders of magnitude over the substrate consisting only of an Au nanorod array. For a practical application, this substrate was utilized for the detection of pesticides, including thiram, thiabendazole, carbendazim, and phosmet, within the concentration range of 10 to 5 × 10 M. An analytical model combining a random forest and a one-dimensional convolutional neural network, referring to the important variable-one-dimensional convolutional neural network model, was developed for the precise identification of thiram. This approach demonstrated significant potential for biochemical sensing and rapid on-site identification.
PubMed: 38668211
DOI: 10.3390/nano14080717 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Jun 2024Wastewater resulting from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL-AP) of biowaste is gaining attention as an emerging hazardous material. However, there is a lack of specific and...
Wastewater resulting from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL-AP) of biowaste is gaining attention as an emerging hazardous material. However, there is a lack of specific and systematic ecotoxicity studies on HTL-AP. This study addresses this gap by conducting acute toxicity tests on HTL-AP using typical aquatic species and integrating these results with predicted toxicity values from interspecies correlation estimation models to establish aquatic life criteria. HTL-AP exhibited significant toxicity with LC of 956.12-3645.4 mg/L, but demonstrated moderate toxicity compared to common freshwater pollutants like commercial microbicides, personal care products, and insect repellents. The resulting hazardous concentration for 5 % of species (HC), the criterion maximum concentration, and the short-term water quality criteria for aquatic were 506.0, 253.0, and 168.7 mg/L, respectively. Notably, certain organisms like Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Cipangopaludina chinensis showed high tolerance to HTL-AP, likely due to their metabolic capabilities on HTL-AP components. The significant decrease in HC values for some HTL-AP substances compared to pure compounds could indicate the synergistic inhibition effects among HTL-AP compositions. Furthermore, according to the established criteria, HTL-AP required significantly less diluted water (13 t) than carbendazim (1009 t) to achieve biosafety, indicating a safer release. This research establishes a preliminary water quality criterion for HTL-AP, offering a valuable reference for risk assessment and prediction in the utilization of HTL-AP within environmental contexts.
Topics: Animals; Wastewater; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Toxicity Tests, Acute; Aquatic Organisms
PubMed: 38663294
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134289 -
Chemosphere Jun 2024Pesticides are considered one of the main sources of contamination of surface waters, especially in rural areas highly influenced by traditional agricultural practices....
Pesticides are considered one of the main sources of contamination of surface waters, especially in rural areas highly influenced by traditional agricultural practices. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact caused by pesticides and their transformation products (TPs) related to olive groves in surface waters with strong agricultural pressure. 11 streams were monitored during four sampling campaigns over 2 years. A solid-phase extraction, followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis was used in the quantitative target approach, with more than 70 validated compounds. Target method was combined with a suspect screening strategy involving more than 500 pesticides and TPs, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) to identify additional pesticides and TPs out of the scope of analysis. A total of 43 different compounds were detected with the target method. The herbicide MCPA was present in all samples and at the highest concentration (1260 ng L), followed by the fungicide carbendazim (1110 ng L), and the herbicide chlorotoluron (706 ng L). The suspect screening strategy revealed the presence of 7 compounds out of the target analysis (1 pesticide and 6 TPs). 6 analytes were confirmed with the analytical standards. Semi-quantification results revealed that TPs exhibited higher concentrations than their corresponding parent compounds, indicating higher persistency. Some small streams showed a comparable number of pesticides and concentrations to the most polluted large river. The determined pesticide and TPs concentrations represented an estimated environmental hazard in almost all sampling sites under study. This work underscores the importance of including pesticide TPs and small streams impacted by extensive agricultural activities in water quality monitoring programs.
Topics: Rivers; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Environmental Monitoring; Pesticides; Risk Assessment; Olea; Agriculture; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Solid Phase Extraction; Carbamates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Herbicides; Benzimidazoles; Phenylurea Compounds
PubMed: 38648985
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142075 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... May 2024Plant pathogens have frequently shown multidrug resistance (MDR) in the field, often linked to efflux and sometimes metabolism of fungicides. To investigate the...
Plant pathogens have frequently shown multidrug resistance (MDR) in the field, often linked to efflux and sometimes metabolism of fungicides. To investigate the potential role of metabolic resistance in strains showing MDR, the azoxystrobin-sensitive strain B05.10 and -resistant strain Bc242 were treated with azoxystrobin. The degradation half-life of azoxystrobin in Bc242 (9.63 days) was shorter than that in B05.10 (28.88 days). Azoxystrobin acid, identified as a metabolite, exhibited significantly lower inhibition rates on colony and conidia (9.34 and 11.98%, respectively) than azoxystrobin. Bc242 exhibited higher expression levels of 34 cytochrome P450s (P450s) and 11 carboxylesterase genes (CarEs) compared to B05.10 according to RNA-seq analysis. The expression of P450 genes and , along with the CarEs in , resulted in reduced sensitivity to various fungicides, including azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, iprodione, and carbendazim. Thus, the mechanism of MDR is linked to metabolism mediated by the CarE and P450 genes.
Topics: Fungicides, Industrial; Strobilurins; Pyrimidines; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Fungal Proteins; Botrytis; Carboxylesterase; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Plant Diseases; Methacrylates
PubMed: 38634420
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02409 -
Food Chemistry Aug 2024High fluorescence intensity microspheres such as aggregation-induced emission fluorescence microspheres (AIEFM) have improved the sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassay...
Integration of a biocompatible metal-phenolic network and fluorescence microspheres as labels for sensitive and stable detection of carbendazim with a lateral flow immunoassay.
High fluorescence intensity microspheres such as aggregation-induced emission fluorescence microspheres (AIEFM) have improved the sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). The preparation of immune probes in LFIA usually adopts the chemical coupling strategy with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide for antibody coupling, which has the problems of low coupling efficiency, tedious coupling process, and poor repeatability. A biocompatible metal-phenolic network (MPN), which contains large amounts of phenols and galloyl groups, could easily, quickly, and stably couple with antibodies. Herein, we proposed a strategy based on MPN modification on ultrabright AIEFM surface as a novel label for the rapid detection of carbendazim. The limit of detection of AIEFM@MPN-LFIA was 0.019 ng/mL, which was 4.9 times lower than that of AIEFM-LFIA. In spiked samples, the average recoveries of AIEFM@MPN-LFIA ranged from 80% to 118% (coefficient of variation <13.45%). Therefore, AIEFM@MPN was a promising signal label that could improve the detection performance of LFIA.
Topics: Immunoassay; Microspheres; Benzimidazoles; Carbamates; Phenols; Limit of Detection; Food Contamination; Fluorescence; Metals; Fluorescent Dyes; Biocompatible Materials
PubMed: 38626714
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139260 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials May 2024Carbendazim residue has been widely concerned, and nitrous oxide (NO) is one of the dominant greenhouse gases. Microbial metabolisms are fundamental processes of...
Carbendazim residue has been widely concerned, and nitrous oxide (NO) is one of the dominant greenhouse gases. Microbial metabolisms are fundamental processes of removing organic pollutant and producing NO. Nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) can change soil abiotic properties and microbial communities and simultaneously affect carbendazim degradation and NO emission. In this study, the comprehensive linkages among carbendazim residue, NO emission and microbial community after the DMPP application were quantified under different soil moistures. Under 90% WHC, the DMPP application significantly reduced carbendazim residue by 54.82% and reduced soil NO emission by 98.68%. The carbendazim residue was negatively related to soil ammonium nitrogen (NH-N), urease activity, and ratios of Bacteroidetes, Thaumarchaeota and Nitrospirae under 90% WHC, and the NO emission was negatively related to NH-N content and relative abundance of Acidobacteria under the 60% WHC condition. In the whole (60% and 90% WHC together), the carbendazim residue was negatively related to the abundances of nrfA (correlation coefficient = -0.623) and nrfH (correlation coefficient = -0.468) genes. The hao gene was negatively related to the carbendazim residue but was positively related to the NO emission rate. The DMPP application had the promising potential to simultaneously reduce ecological risks of fungicide residue and NO emission via altering soil abiotic properties, microbial activities and communities and functional genes. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Carbendazim was a high-efficiency fungicide that was widely used in agricultural production. Nitrous oxide (NO) is the third most important greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. The 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) is an effective nitrification inhibitor widely used in agricultural production. This study indicated that the DMPP application reduced soil carbendazim residues and NO emission. The asymmetric linkages among the carbendazim residue, NO emission, microbial community and functional gene abundance were regulated by the DMPP application and soil moisture. The results could broaden our horizons on the utilizations DMPP in decreasing fungicide risks and NO emission.
Topics: Nitrous Oxide; Fungicides, Industrial; Nitrification; Soil Microbiology; Soil Pollutants; Pyrazoles; Carbamates; Microbiota; Benzimidazoles; Soil; Bacteria; Water
PubMed: 38626681
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134301 -
Pest Management Science Apr 2024To discover novel fungicide candidates, five series of novel norbornene hydrazide, bishydrazide, oxadiazole, carboxamide and acylthiourea derivatives (2a-2t, 3a-3f,...
BACKGROUND
To discover novel fungicide candidates, five series of novel norbornene hydrazide, bishydrazide, oxadiazole, carboxamide and acylthiourea derivatives (2a-2t, 3a-3f, 4a-4f, 5a-5f and 7a-7f) were designed, synthesized and assayed for their antifungal activity toward seven representative plant fungal pathogens.
RESULTS
In the in vitro antifungal assay, some title norbornene derivatives presented good antifungal activity against Botryosphaeria dothidea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusarium graminearum. Especially, compound 2b exhibited the best inhibitory activity toward B. dothidea with the median effective concentration (EC) of 0.17 mg L, substantially stronger than those of the reference fungicides boscalid and carbendazim. The in vivo antifungal assay on apples revealed that 2b had significant curative and protective effects, both of which were superior to boscalid. In the preliminary antifungal mechanism study, 2b was able to injure the surface morphology of hyphae, destroy the cell membrane integrity and increase the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of B. dothidea. In addition, 2b could considerably inhibit the laccase activity with the median inhibitory concentration (IC) of 1.02 μM, much stronger than that of positive control cysteine (IC = 35.50 μM). The binding affinity and interaction mode of 2b with laccase were also confirmed by molecular docking.
CONCLUSION
This study presented a promising lead compound for the study of novel laccase inhibitors as fungicidal agrochemicals, which demonstrate significant anti-B. dothidea activity and laccase inhibitory activity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
PubMed: 38625031
DOI: 10.1002/ps.8133 -
Residue levels, processing factors and risk assessment of pesticides in ginger from market to table.Journal of Hazardous Materials May 2024Ginger is consumed as a spice and medicine globally. However, pesticide residues in ginger and their residue changes during processing remain poorly understood. Our...
Ginger is consumed as a spice and medicine globally. However, pesticide residues in ginger and their residue changes during processing remain poorly understood. Our results demonstrate that clothianidin, carbendazim and imidacloprid were the top detected pesticides in 152 ginger samples with detection rates of 17.11-27.63%, and these pesticides had higher average residues of 44.07-97.63 μg/kg. Although most samples contained low levels of pesticides, 66.45% of the samples were detected with pesticides, and 38.82% were contaminated with 2-5 pesticides. Peeling, washing, boiling and pickling removed different amounts of pesticides from ginger (processing factor range: 0.06-1.56, most <1). By contrast, pesticide residues were concentrated by stir-frying and drying (0.50-6.45, most >1). Pesticide residues were influenced by pesticide physico-chemical parameters involving molecular weight, melting point, degradation point and octanol-water partition coefficient by different ginger processing methods. Chronic and acute dietary risk assessments suggest that dietary exposure to pesticides from ginger consumption was within acceptable levels for the general population. This study sheds light on pesticide residues in ginger from market to processing and is of theoretical and practical value for ensuring ginger quality and safety.
Topics: Zingiber officinale; Pesticide Residues; Risk Assessment; Food Contamination; Food Handling; Humans; Dietary Exposure
PubMed: 38608592
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134268 -
Food Chemistry Aug 2024Recently some major safety concerns have been raised on organic contaminants in widely consumed plants such as coffee. Hence, this study aimed to develop specifically...
Recently some major safety concerns have been raised on organic contaminants in widely consumed plants such as coffee. Hence, this study aimed to develop specifically optimized methods for determining organic contaminants, such as pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in coffee using GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS. QuEChERS method was used as a base extraction method, and 27 experiments were studied using design of experiments with categorical variables (extraction buffers, cleanup sorbents, and coffee roasting degree) to find the optimum method for each matrix type. The optimum method for green coffee was acetate buffer and chitosan for clean-up, while no-buffer extraction and the PSA + C18 method were ideal for light and dark-roasted coffee. The optimized methods were validated in accordance with SANTE/11312/2021. Furthermore, ten real samples (4 green, and 6 roasted) from the markets were analysed; ortho-phenylphenol was found in all the roasted coffee samples, and carbendazim was found in one green coffee sample.
Topics: Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Coffee; Food Contamination; Coffea; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Chromatography, Liquid; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Pesticides
PubMed: 38604032
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139223