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Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Oct 2019Fungi under the order Ophiostomatales (Ascomycota) are known to associate with various species of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). In addition this...
Fungi under the order Ophiostomatales (Ascomycota) are known to associate with various species of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). In addition this group of fungi contains many taxa that can impart blue-stain on sapwood and some are important tree pathogens. A recent survey that focussed on the diversity of the Ophiostomatales in the forest ecosystems of the Czech Republic and Poland uncovered four putative new species. Phylogenetic analyses of four gene regions (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, ß-tubulin, calmodulin, and translation elongation factor 1-α) indicated that these four species are members of the genus Ophiostoma. All four newly described species can be distinguished from each other and from closely related species based on DNA sequence comparisons, morphological characters, growth rates, and their insect associations. Based on this study four new taxa can be circumscribed and the following names are provided: Ophiostoma pityokteinis sp. nov., Ophiostoma rufum sp. nov., Ophiostoma solheimii sp. nov., and Ophiostoma taphrorychi sp. nov. O. rufum sp. nov. is a member of the Ophiostoma piceae species complex, while O. pityokteinis sp. nov. resides in a discrete lineage within Ophiostoma s. stricto. O. taphrorychi sp. nov. together with O. distortum formed a well-supported clade in Ophiostoma s. stricto close to O. pityokteinis sp. nov. O. solheimii sp. nov. groups within a currently undefined lineage A, which also includes Ophiostoma grandicarpum and Ophiostoma microsporum. This study highlights the need for more intensive surveys that should include additional countries of Central Europe, insect vectors and host tree species in order to elucidate Ophiostoma species diversity in this region.
Topics: Animals; Calmodulin; Czech Republic; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; Mycological Typing Techniques; Ophiostoma; Peptide Elongation Factor 1; Phylogeny; Poland; RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Tracheophyta; Tubulin; Weevils; Wood
PubMed: 31140027
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-019-01277-5 -
Microbiology and Immunology 2001We performed a cluster analysis of human and animal pathogenic Microsporum species and their teleomorphic states, Arthroderma species, including A. otae-related species... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Cluster analysis of human and animal pathogenic Microsporum species and their teleomorphic states, Arthroderma species, based on the DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1.
We performed a cluster analysis of human and animal pathogenic Microsporum species and their teleomorphic states, Arthroderma species, including A. otae-related species (M. canis, M. audouinii, M. distortum, M. equinum, M. langeronii, and M. ferrugineum) and M. gypseum complex (A. fulvum, A. gypseum, and A. incurvatum) using DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). The dendrogram showed the members of A. otae-related species to be monophyletic and to construct an extremely closely related cluster with a long horizontal branch. This ITS1-homologous group of A. otae was organized in 6 unique genotypes, while sequences of the members of the ITS1-homologous group of M. gypseum complex are more diverse. This ITS1-based database of Microsporum species and their teleomorphic states will provide a useful and reliable species identification system: it is time-saving (takes two to three days), accurate and applicable even to strains with atypical morphological features or in a non-culturable state.
Topics: Animals; Arthrodermataceae; Base Sequence; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Microsporum; Molecular Sequence Data; Sequence Alignment; Species Specificity
PubMed: 11345530
DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2001.tb02609.x -
Veterinary Microbiology Oct 1995Microsporum canis NCPF 179 and M. canis NCPF 177 dermatophyte cytoplasmic extracts (DCEs) were used as antigens to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Hybridomas with...
Microsporum canis NCPF 179 and M. canis NCPF 177 dermatophyte cytoplasmic extracts (DCEs) were used as antigens to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Hybridomas with supernatants of optical density (OD) > 1 for homologous dermatophyte cytoplasmic extracts (CE) and OD < 0.5 for heterologous CE of Candida albicans tested by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were selected for cloning. mAbs secreted by cloned hybridoma lines were screened against CE of M. canis, M. gypseum, M. equinum, M. distortum, Trichophyton verrucosum, C. albicans, Malassezia pachydermatis and Aspergillus fumigatus. The ELISA performed on clone supernatants identified a variety of different activities between the dermatophyte and other fungal CEs. The selected mAbs were used for immunoblotting of native and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels. Immunoblots with some of the mAbs tested allowed the differentiation of strains belonging to different dermatophyte species and isolates belonging to the M. canis.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Antigens, Fungal; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Hybridomas; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Microsporum
PubMed: 8560740
DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(95)00050-k -
Mycopathologia 1995Thirty-eight strains of 12 Microsporum and 10 Arthroderma (Nannizzia) species were investigated by analysis of mitochondrial DNA with 6 restriction enzymes, and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Thirty-eight strains of 12 Microsporum and 10 Arthroderma (Nannizzia) species were investigated by analysis of mitochondrial DNA with 6 restriction enzymes, and classified into 13 genetic groups. The phylogenetic tree of the 13 groups thus established was constructed. On the tree, M. audouinii, M. langeronii, M. rivalieri, M. distortum, M. equinum, M. ferrugineum and A. otae comprise one genetic group and are suggested to be the same species. A. gypseum, A. fulvum, M. duboisii, M. ripariae, A. incurvatum, A. persicolor and A. obtusum are clustered on one of five boughs of the tree indicating their close relation. A. racemosum and A. cajetani are also closely related.
Topics: Ascomycota; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Mitochondrial; Microsporum; Phylogeny; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
PubMed: 7666922
DOI: 10.1007/BF01104344 -
Mycoses 1992During a study of the epidemiology of Microsporum canis and closely related species, sub-specific variation was demonstrated within thirteen isolates of Microsporum...
During a study of the epidemiology of Microsporum canis and closely related species, sub-specific variation was demonstrated within thirteen isolates of Microsporum distortum based on the pattern of carbohydrate utilization. Strains from three continents could be differentiated by their utilization of trehalose and erythritol. Isolates from New Zealand yielded the same patterns as M. canis (Arthroderma otae (-)); examination of 120 isolates indicated that M. canis could not be biotyped by carbohydrate utilization, although limited variation had been noted. Examination of total native protein patterns by gel electrophoresis showed that variations existed within the M. distortum group; the much larger number of M. canis (A. otae (-)) strains had appeared to be homogenous.
Topics: Erythritol; Fungal Proteins; Microsporum; Mycological Typing Techniques; Trehalose
PubMed: 1474986
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1992.tb00835.x -
Zentralblatt Fur Mikrobiologie 1992120 soil samples collected from various sites of Cairo were processed for the isolation of keratinophilic fungi by "ToKaVa" hair baiting technique. 22 species belonging...
120 soil samples collected from various sites of Cairo were processed for the isolation of keratinophilic fungi by "ToKaVa" hair baiting technique. 22 species belonging to 6 genera were isolated viz.: Chrysosporium tropicum, C. indicum, C. keratinophilum, C. queenslandicum, C. merdarium, C. anamorph of Arthroderma curreyi, C. pannicola, C. lobatum, C. anamorph of Renispora flavissima, C. pseudomerdarium, Microascus mangini, Malbranchea gypsea, Ml. State of Uncicarpus reesii, Ml. State of Coccidioides immitis, Microsporum gypseum, Mr. distortum Mr. audouinii, Mr. fulvum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. terrestre, T. verrucosum and Epidermophyton floccosum. The frequency of occurrence of the isolated fungi was determined. Microsporum gypseum, Chrysosporium tropicum and Chrysosporium indicum were the most frequent species recovered from soil. Most species of keratinophilic fungi were isolated from university, public garden and zoo garden. The distribution of the isolates are discussed.
Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Chrysosporium; Coccidioides; Epidermophyton; Fungi; Keratins; Microsporum; Soil Microbiology; Trichophyton
PubMed: 1380752
DOI: 10.1016/s0232-4393(11)80367-7 -
Mycoses 1991The paper reports observations made of various Microsporum species during a PAGE pattern study of the epidemiology of Microsporum canis. It is shown that M. audouinii...
The paper reports observations made of various Microsporum species during a PAGE pattern study of the epidemiology of Microsporum canis. It is shown that M. audouinii can readily be distinguished from M. canis but that M. equinum is more difficult to separate. M. rivalierii was distinguishable from M. audouinii, confirming previous reports. M. distortum could not be separated from M. canis by PAGE gels of total protein or by isozyme patterns generated. There are particular problems with studies of that type on dermatophyte protein in that the intrinsic proteases degrade the preparations.
Topics: Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fungal Proteins; Isoenzymes; Microsporum
PubMed: 1803231
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1991.tb00664.x -
The Journal of Applied Bacteriology Dec 1990Two keratinolytic fungi, Chrysosporium keratinophilum and Malbranchea anamorph of Uncinocarpus reesii, and another three wool-colonizing fungi not previously reported to...
Two keratinolytic fungi, Chrysosporium keratinophilum and Malbranchea anamorph of Uncinocarpus reesii, and another three wool-colonizing fungi not previously reported to be keratinolytic, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. Flavus and Scopulariopsis candida, were isolated from soil samples baited with animal wool. These fungi were tested for their ability to utilize wool-lipids as sole source of carbon and energy. The lipid contents of wool of various animals ranged between 2 and 5%. The different lipid extracts were similar in composition; they contained steryl esters, sterols, fatty acids, fatty alcohols and monoacylglycerols. The predominant acyl moiety in wool-lipids of different animals was linolenic acid (18:2). The five fungi tested grew well on an inorganic medium supplemented with total wool-lipids as sole sources of carbon and energy. Individual lipid classes fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography and suspended into inorganic medium were able to support fungal growth as sole carbon sources. These fungi and another eight wool-colonizing strains, C. tropicum, C. zonatrum, C. anamorph of Arthroderma curryei, Microsporum canis, M. distortum, Trichophyton interdigitale, Emmonsia parva and Myceliophthora vellerae could also utilize standard lipids and fatty acids (cholesterol and palmitic and linoleic acids). Evidence fo the uptake and degradation of cholesterol by C. keratinophilum is presented.
Topics: Animals; Ascomycota; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus fumigatus; Camelus; Cattle; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Chrysosporium; Fatty Acids; Fungi; Goats; Lipid Metabolism; Microsporum; Mitosporic Fungi; Sheep; Soil Microbiology; Trichophyton; Wool
PubMed: 2126788
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01577.x -
Mycoses Jan 1989An atypical strain of Microsporum canis was isolated in our laboratory, which was characterized by a variety of polymorphous macroconidia. These are demonstrated by...
An atypical strain of Microsporum canis was isolated in our laboratory, which was characterized by a variety of polymorphous macroconidia. These are demonstrated by illustrations. Based on our observation and literature, the relationship between Microsporum canis and Microsporum distortum is discussed. Epidemiologic aspects are mentioned.
Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Female; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Microsporum; Middle Aged; Spores, Fungal
PubMed: 2747740
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1989.tb02167.x -
Journal of Basic Microbiology 1989The frequency of occurrence of fungi in 120 claw samples of buffalo and cow from different localities at Assiut governorate was determined. Thirty-seven species which...
The frequency of occurrence of fungi in 120 claw samples of buffalo and cow from different localities at Assiut governorate was determined. Thirty-seven species which belong to twenty genera were collected from the two substrates and the most common genera were Chrysosporium (eleven species of Chrysosporium were isolated). Aspergillus and Scopulariopsis. From the preceding genera Chrysosporium sulfureum was common on cow claws but C. merdarium was slightly dominant on buffalo claws than on cow claws. Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were dominant on buffalo claws, but Scopulariopsis brevicaulis was prevalent on cow claws. Also other dermatophytes were isolated such as Trichophyton terrestre, T. rubrum, Histoplasma capsulatum, Phialophora gougerotii and Microsporum distortum.
Topics: Animals; Arthrodermataceae; Aspergillus; Buffaloes; Cattle; Chrysosporium; Egypt; Fungi; Histoplasma; Hoof and Claw; Keratins; Microsporum; Mitosporic Fungi; Phialophora; Trichophyton
PubMed: 2482351
DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3620290602