-
Microorganisms Jun 2019is an ocular bacterial pathogen isolated in cases of keratitis, conjunctivitis, and endophthalmitis. Gram-negative brick-shaped diplobacilli from ocular specimens, and...
is an ocular bacterial pathogen isolated in cases of keratitis, conjunctivitis, and endophthalmitis. Gram-negative brick-shaped diplobacilli from ocular specimens, and slow growth in culture, are early indications of ocular infection; however, identifying to species can be complex and inconsistent. In this study, bacteria consistent with were identified to species using: (1) DNA sequencing coupled with vancomycin susceptibility, (2) MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and (3) the Biolog ID system. Study samples consisted of nine ATCC controls, 82 isolates from keratitis, 21 isolates from conjunctivitis, and 4 isolates from endophthalmitis. The ATCC controls were correctly identified. For keratitis, 66 (80.5%) were identified as , 7 (9.0%) as , 5 (6%) as , 2 (2.5%) as , 1 (1.0%) as , and 1 (1.0%) as . For conjunctivitis, 9 (43.0%) were identified as , 6 (29.0%) as , 3 (14.3%) as , 2 (9.5%) as (), and 1 (4.5%) as . From endophthalmitis, 3 of 4 of the isolates were . Overall, . and were identified in 70% (75 of 107) and 13% (14 of 107) of cases, respectively, totaling 83% (89 of 107). and are important bacterial pathogens of the eye as determined by DNA sequencing, MALDI-TOF MS, and Biolog. Although is a clinical pathogen, other species of appear to have a prominent role in eye infections.
PubMed: 31167433
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7060163 -
Journal of Infection and Public Health 2019Septic arthritis is a common rheumatologic condition with myriad microbiological causative agents. Moraxella is one of the very rare causes of septic arthritis. We... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Septic arthritis is a common rheumatologic condition with myriad microbiological causative agents. Moraxella is one of the very rare causes of septic arthritis. We hereby present the third case of Moraxella nonliquefaciens septic arthritis and the first case in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient (HSCT) along with a brief review of the literature.
METHODS
We used PubMed with google search engine to search the literature for reported cases of moraxella septic arthritis.
RESULTS
Information on 19 other cases of moraxella infectious arthritis was found. M. catarrhalis was the most common species isolated. Only 2 reports on M. nonliquefaciens were found; the first one in a multiple myeloma patient and the second one in a diabetic patient on hemodialysis. Predisposing conditions included inflammatory arthritis, prosthetic joints, diabetes, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, Hepatitis C, hemodialysis, esophageal cancer, valve replacements, alcoholism and Intravenous (IV) drug use. The age group of the reported cases ranged from 3 months to 78 years.
CONCLUSION
Infectious arthritis with Moraxella spp. is a very rare entity which can occur in any age group and in the setting of various underlying medical conditions.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis, Infectious; Diagnosis, Differential; Elbow Joint; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Lymphoma, T-Cell; Male; Moraxella; Moraxellaceae Infections; Moxifloxacin; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 30711347
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2019.01.059 -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Feb 2019
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Corneal Ulcer; Female; Humans; Moraxella; Moraxellaceae Infections; Opportunistic Infections; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 30556386
DOI: No ID Found -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... May 2019
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Keratitis; Male; Moraxella; Moraxellaceae Infections
PubMed: 30389264
DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2018.10.007 -
JMM Case Reports Jun 2018
PubMed: 30128157
DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005150 -
IDCases 2018An 83-year old man presented acutely to the emergency department with generalized weakness and subjective fevers. A month earlier he had undergone resection of a large...
An 83-year old man presented acutely to the emergency department with generalized weakness and subjective fevers. A month earlier he had undergone resection of a large intramuscular sarcoma from his thigh. The cancer staging work-up was still underway and a decision about adjuvant therapy was still pending. Although initial laboratory assessment showed leukocytosis, this normalized soon after admission without the use of antimicrobials. No fevers were documented. During the admission an F-FDG PET/CT was performed in continuation of his sarcoma staging workup. This revealed unexpected abnormal radiotracer uptake in the left sternoclavicular joint with fluid collections extending into the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the mediastinum. Imaging findings were consistent with septic arthritis and abscess formation, despite lack of fever or localizing symptoms. Ultrasound-guided aspiration revealed purulent fluid that grew Given the unusual presentation, ongoing clinical uncertainty about the true cause of the septic joint, and concern for an occult sarcoma metastasis, surgical debridement and resection of the joint was carried out. Pathology and microbiology evaluation confirmed septic arthritis with osteomyelitis and abscess extension into the mediastinum. No tumor cells were identified. Postoperative course was complicated by hematoma, but otherwise the patient responded well to antimicrobial therapy.
PubMed: 29942746
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2018.03.011 -
JMM Case Reports Feb 2017is an unusual organism to be isolated from cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and there exists only one case report of meningitis from a neonate. species normally exist as...
is an unusual organism to be isolated from cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and there exists only one case report of meningitis from a neonate. species normally exist as part of the human upper respiratory tract flora and rarely cause invasive human disease. There are only a handful of case reports implicating the organism as a cause of endocarditis, bacteraemia, septic arthritis and endophthalmitis. Identification to the species level based on routine laboratory techniques has been challenging, with final identification often made through 16S rRNA sequencing. With the use of a newer diagnostic tool, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) MS, we were able to rapidly identify the organism and initiate appropriate treatment. We present a rare care of meningitis in a paediatric patient with an underlying cranial anatomical defect due to Crouzon syndrome. She had been admitted to hospital 3 months previously with meningitis and mastoiditis, and returned to the emergency department with meningismus. CSF culture grew . She was treated with ceftriaxone with rapid improvement and eventually was taken for endoscopic surgical repair of a right encephalocele defect. The use of MALDI-TOF MS allowed for the rapid identification of the organism. The patient recovered with appropriate antimicrobial therapy and eventual surgical correction. An underlying anatomical defect should be considered in all patients who present with meningitis due to this unusual organism.
PubMed: 28348808
DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005086 -
IDCases 2017is a Gram-negative coccobacillus considered as a commensal organism from the upper respiratory tract, with low pathogenic potential. The phenotypical conventional...
is a Gram-negative coccobacillus considered as a commensal organism from the upper respiratory tract, with low pathogenic potential. The phenotypical conventional identification is difficult and the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight technology has increased the resolution of identification of this bacterium. We report a fatal case of endocarditis due to whose identification was confirmed by 16S rRNA, and we review the literature on this pathogen in endocarditis.
PubMed: 28271043
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2017.02.006 -
Microbiome Jul 2016Upper respiratory infections (URI) and their complications are a major healthcare burden for pediatric populations. Although the microbiology of the nasopharynx is an...
BACKGROUND
Upper respiratory infections (URI) and their complications are a major healthcare burden for pediatric populations. Although the microbiology of the nasopharynx is an important determinant of the complications of URI, little is known of the nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiota of children, the factors that affect its composition, and its precise relationship with URI.
RESULTS
Healthy children (n = 47) aged 49-84 months from a prospective cohort study based in Wisconsin, USA, were examined. Demographic and clinical data and NP swab samples were obtained from participants upon entry to the study. All NP samples were profiled for bacterial microbiota using a phylogenetic microarray, and these data were related to demographic characteristics and upper respiratory health outcomes. The composition of the NP bacterial community of children was significantly related prior to the history of acute sinusitis (R (2) = 0.070, P < 0.009). History of acute sinusitis was associated with significant depletion in relative abundance of taxa including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia spp. and enrichment of Moraxella nonliquefaciens. Enrichment of M. nonliquefaciens was also a characteristic of baseline NP samples of children who subsequently developed acute sinusitis over the 1-year study period. Time to develop URI was significantly positively correlated with NP diversity, and children who experienced more frequent URIs exhibited significantly diminished NP microbiota diversity (P ≤ 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
These preliminary data suggest that previous history of acute sinusitis influences the composition of the NP microbiota, characterized by a depletion in relative abundance of specific taxa. Diminished diversity was associated with more frequent URIs.
Topics: Bacteria; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Microbiota; Nasopharynx; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Phylogeny; Prospective Studies; Sinusitis; Viruses; Wisconsin
PubMed: 27364497
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-016-0179-9 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Nov 2014Infection by pathogenic viruses results in rapid epithelial damage and significantly impacts on the condition of the upper respiratory tract, thus the effects of viral...
BACKGROUND
Infection by pathogenic viruses results in rapid epithelial damage and significantly impacts on the condition of the upper respiratory tract, thus the effects of viral infection may induce changes in microbiota. Thus, we aimed to define the healthy microbiota and the viral pathogen-affected microbiota in the upper respiratory tract. In addition, any association between the type of viral agent and the resultant microbiota profile was assessed.
METHODS
We analyzed the upper respiratory tract bacterial content of 57 healthy asymptomatic people (17 health-care workers and 40 community people) and 59 patients acutely infected with influenza, parainfluenza, rhino, respiratory syncytial, corona, adeno, or metapneumo viruses using culture-independent pyrosequencing.
RESULTS
The healthy subjects harbored primarily Streptococcus, whereas the patients showed an enrichment of Haemophilus or Moraxella. Quantifying the similarities between bacterial populations by using Fast UniFrac analysis indicated that bacterial profiles were apparently divisible into 6 oropharyngeal types in the tested subjects. The oropharyngeal types were not associated with the type of viruses, but were rather linked to the age of the subjects. Moraxella nonliquefaciens exhibited unprecedentedly high abundance in young subjects aged <6 years. The genome of M. nonliquefaciens was found to encode various proteins that may play roles in pathogenesis.
CONCLUSIONS
This study identified 6 oropharyngeal microbiome types. No virus-specific bacterial profile was discovered, but comparative analysis of healthy adults and patients identified a bacterium specific to young patients, M. nonliquefaciens.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Asymptomatic Infections; Bacteria; Carrier State; Coinfection; Female; Haemophilus; Health Personnel; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Moraxella; Respiratory System; Respiratory Tract Infections; Streptococcus; Virus Diseases; Young Adult
PubMed: 25391813
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0583-3