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Scientific Reports Apr 2023In a survey conducted during the period of March-May 2019 in nurseries, warehouses, and shops at three governorates (Alexandria, El-Behera, and Giza governorates,...
In a survey conducted during the period of March-May 2019 in nurseries, warehouses, and shops at three governorates (Alexandria, El-Behera, and Giza governorates, Egypt), symptoms of root rot, basal stem rot, and wilt disease complex were observed in the lucky bamboo (Dracaena sanderiana hort. ex. Mast.). The highest disease infection percentage was found in lucky bamboo collected from Alexandria City (47.67%), while the highest disease severity was in lucky bamboo collected from El-Behera Governorate (35.19%). Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Aspergillus niger, and Alternaria alternate were isolated and identified in the infected lucky bamboo samples. R. solani isolates were the most dominant among the recovered fungal species with a percentage of 80.89% of the total isolates (246). Pathogenicity tests showed that R. solani was the most pathogen with 100% disease infection and 76.67% disease severity. Molecular identification characterized R. solani isolate as R. solani AUMC 15120, MZ723906. Meanwhile, four biological control agents (bioagents) were isolated from the healthy lucky bamboo samples and identified based on cultural, morphological, microscopic characteristics, and the molecular phylogenetic analysis as Clonostachys rosea AUMC 15121, OL461708; Bacillus circulans TAG1, MW441316; B. siamensis TAP1, MW441318 and Ochrobactrum anthropi TAM1, MW441317. The four bioagents showed potential inhibition of R. solani in vitro as well as in vivo on lucky bamboo plants in vase treatments compared to the untreated inoculated control as well as certain fungicides and biocides used (Moncut, Rizolex-T, Topsin-M, Bio-Zeid, and Bio-Arc). The bioagent O. anthropi showed the highest inhibition growth (85.11%) of the in vitro R. solani colony, which was not significantly different from the biocide Bio-Arc (83.78%). However, C. rosea, B. siamensis and B. circulans showed inhibition values of 65.33, 64.44, and 60.44%, respectively. On the other hand, the biocide Bio-Zeid showed less inhibitory effect (43.11%), while the lowest growth inhibition was recorded by Rizolex-T (34.22%) and Topsin-M (28.67%). Furthermore, the in vivo experiment supported the in vitro results for the most effective treatments, where all the treatments significantly decreased the percentage of infection and disease severity compared to the inoculated untreated control. Additionally, the bioagent O. anthropi showed the highest effect, i.e., the lowest disease incidence and disease severity being 13.33% and 10%, compared to 100% and 75%, respectively, in the untreated inoculated control. This was not significantly different from the fungicide Moncut (13.33% and 21%) and from the bioagent C. rosea (20% and 15%) treatments for both parameters, respectively. In conclusion, the bioagents O. anthropi MW441317 at 1 × 10 CFU/ml as well as C. rosea AUMC15121 at 1 × 10/ml proved to be efficient to control R. solani causing root rot, and basal stem rot on lucky bamboo, compared to fungicide Moncut and can be used for disease management without the negative impact of the chemical control. Furthermore, this is the first report of the isolation and identification of Rhizoctonia solani, a pathogenic fungus, and four biocontrol agents (Bacillus circulans, B. siamensis, Ochrobactrum anthropi and Clonostachys rosea) associated with the healthy lucky bamboo plants.
Topics: Dracaena; Phylogeny; Fungicides, Industrial
PubMed: 37095150
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33628-8 -
Journal of Laboratory Physicians Mar 2023, due to its robust survival abilities, has been known to cause nosocomial and opportunistic infections, posing both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Low...
, due to its robust survival abilities, has been known to cause nosocomial and opportunistic infections, posing both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Low virulence, indolent clinical presentation, and lack of awareness on their clinical significance attribute to the underreporting of the same. We report two cases of bacteremia in oncology patients presented to us in a short span of 6 months, which indicates that such infections might be quite common in immunocompromised hosts. Both our strains were susceptible to carbapenems, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and minocycline, and recovered with monotherapy. More vigilant and accurate diagnostic techniques need to be followed not to miss such pathogens. Early identification and administration of appropriate antibiotics have been associated with a good outcome.
PubMed: 37064972
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757235 -
Chemosphere Jun 2023Applying beneficial bacteria in rice rhizosphere to manage heavy metal behaviour in soil-plant system is a promising strategy. However, colonization/domination of...
Applying beneficial bacteria in rice rhizosphere to manage heavy metal behaviour in soil-plant system is a promising strategy. However, colonization/domination of exogenous bacteria in rhizosphere soils remains a challenge. In this study, a bacterium Ochrobactrum anthropi, which showed the potential of transforming soluble Sb into SbO mineral, was repeatedly inoculated into the rice rhizosphere weekly throughout the rice growth period, and the colonization of this bacterium in rice rhizosphere soils and its effect on Sb accumulation in rice plants were investigated. Results showed that repeated inoculants changed the native bacterial community in rhizosphere soils in comparison with the control, but the inoculated O. anthropi was not identified as an abundant species. With weekly inoculation, the decrease in Sb in rice roots and straws was maintained throughout the rice growth period, with decrease percentages ranging from 36 to 49% and 33-35%. In addition, decrease percentages of Sb in husks and grains at the maturing stage obtained 34 and 37%, respectively. Furthermore, the XRD identified the formation of valentinite (SbO) on rice root in inoculation treatment, and the decrease percentages in aqueous Sb in rhizosphere were 53-100% through the growth period. It demonstrated that weekly inoculants performed their temporary activity of valentinite formation, and reduced Sb accumulation in rice plants efficiently. This study suggests that regardless of successful colonization, repeated inoculation of beneficial bacteria is an option to facilitate the positive effects of inoculated bacteria in the management of heavy metal behaviour.
Topics: Antimony; Oryza; Soil Pollutants; Metals, Heavy; Plant Roots; Bacteria; Rhizosphere; Soil
PubMed: 36948256
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138335 -
Journal of Biological Engineering Feb 2023Aromatic primary amines (APAs) are key intermediates in the chemical industry with numerous applications. Efficient and mild biocatalytic synthesis is an excellent...
BACKGROUND
Aromatic primary amines (APAs) are key intermediates in the chemical industry with numerous applications. Efficient and mild biocatalytic synthesis is an excellent complement to traditional chemical synthesis. Our lab previously reported a whole-cell catalytic system for the synthesis of APAs catalyzed by carboxylic acid reductase from Neurospora crassa (ncCAR) and ω-transaminase from Ochrobactrum anthropi (OATA). However, the accumulation of toxic intermediates (aromatic aldehydes) during biocatalytic synthesis affected yields of APAs due to metabolic imbalance.
RESULTS
In this work, the biocatalytic synthesis of APAs (taking cinnamylamine as an example) was metabolically regulated by the overexpression or knockout of five native global transcription factors (TFs), the overexpression of eight native resistance genes, and optimization of promoters. Transcriptome analysis showed that knockout of the TF arcA increased the fluxes of NADPH and ATP in E. coli, while the rate of pyruvate metabolism was accelerated. In addition, the genes related to stress and detoxification were upregulated with the overexpression of resistance gene marA, which reduced the NADPH level in E. coli. Then, the expression level of soluble OATA increased by promoter optimization. Overall, arcA and marA could regulate the catalytic rate of NADPH- dependent ncCAR, while arcA and optimized promoter could regulate the catalytic rate of OATA. Lastly, the cinnamylamine yield of the best metabolically engineered strain S020 was increased to 90% (9 mM, 1.2 g/L), and the accumulation of cinnamaldehyde was below 0.9 mM. This work reported the highest production of cinnamylamine by biocatalytic synthesis.
CONCLUSION
This regulatory process provides a common strategy for regulating the biocatalytic synthesis of other APAs. Being entirely biocatalytic, our one-pot procedure provides considerable advantages in terms of environmental and safety impacts over reported chemical methods.
PubMed: 36823535
DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00334-y -
Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports Mar 2022Ochrobactrum anthropi is an opportunistic and rare human pathogen, which is seen widely in the environment. O. anthropi infections have been reported in both...
INTRODUCTION
Ochrobactrum anthropi is an opportunistic and rare human pathogen, which is seen widely in the environment. O. anthropi infections have been reported in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. There is no proper consensus on the diagnosis and management of O. anthropi related infections.
CASE REPORT
We report a case of O. anthropi related left distal clavicular osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent individual with an elaborative diagnostic and treatment algorithm for its effective management.
CONCLUSION
A comprehensive management strategy with a combination of implant removal (if present) with extensive surgical debridement of bone and soft tissue and intravenous antibiotics results in successful eradication of O. anthropi infection.
PubMed: 36199934
DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i03.2730 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports Mar 2022Ochrobactrum anthropi is an unusual low virulence emerging pathogen that rarely causes orthopedic infection and its clinical picture is not well described. It usually...
INTRODUCTION
Ochrobactrum anthropi is an unusual low virulence emerging pathogen that rarely causes orthopedic infection and its clinical picture is not well described. It usually causes infection in immunocompromised hosts with indwelling catheters or foreign bodies, such as the central venous catheters.
CASE REPORT
We reported a case of O. anthropi pyomyositis in a 22-year-old immunocompetent male patient not on any invasive procedure presented with raised temperature, left shoulder pain, and restriction of movements. Diagnosis was confirmed with the help of MRI and biopsy. He was successfully managed with surgical debridement and appropriate antibiotics.
CONCLUSION
Our case highlights the ability of O. anthropi to cause pyomyositis in immunocompetent individuals and its relevance in the field of orthopaedic infection.
PubMed: 36199917
DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i03.2700 -
Classifying Interactions in a Synthetic Bacterial Community Is Hindered by Inhibitory Growth Medium.MSystems Oct 2022Predicting the fate of a microbial community and its member species relies on understanding the nature of their interactions. However, designing simple assays that...
Predicting the fate of a microbial community and its member species relies on understanding the nature of their interactions. However, designing simple assays that distinguish between interaction types can be challenging. Here, we performed spent medium assays based on the predictions of a mathematical model to decipher the interactions among four bacterial species: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Comamonas testosteroni, Microbacterium saperdae, and Ochrobactrum anthropi. While most experimental results matched model predictions, the behavior of did not: its lag phase was reduced in the pure spent media of A. tumefaciens and but prolonged again when we replenished our growth medium. Further experiments showed that the growth medium actually delayed the growth of , leading us to suspect that A. tumefaciens and could alleviate this inhibitory effect. There was, however, no evidence supporting such "cross-detoxification," and instead, we identified metabolites secreted by A. tumefaciens and that were then consumed or "cross-fed" by , shortening its lag phase. Our results highlight that even simple, defined growth media can have inhibitory effects on some species and that such negative effects need to be included in our models. Based on this, we present new guidelines to correctly distinguish between different interaction types such as cross-detoxification and cross-feeding. Communities of microbes colonize virtually every place on earth. Ultimately, we strive to predict and control how these communities behave, for example, if they reside in our guts and make us sick. But precise control is impossible unless we can identify exactly how their member species interact with one another. To find a systematic way to measure interactions, we started very simply with a small community of four bacterial species and carefully designed experiments based on a mathematical model. This first attempt accurately mapped out interactions for all species except one. By digging deeper, we understood that our method failed for that species as it was suffering in the growth medium that we chose. A revised model that considered that growth media can be harmful could then make more accurate predictions. What we have learned with these four species can now be applied to decipher interactions in larger communities.
Topics: Bacteria; Comamonas testosteroni; Models, Theoretical; Microbiota; Actinomycetales
PubMed: 36197097
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00239-22 -
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Oct 2022Vanillic acid has always been in high-demand in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, flavor, alcohol and polymer industries. Present study achieved highly pure synthesis of...
Vanillic acid has always been in high-demand in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, flavor, alcohol and polymer industries. Present study achieved highly pure synthesis of vanillic acid from vanillin using whole cells of Ochrobactrum anthropi strain T5_1. The complete biotransformation of vanillin (2 g/L) in to vanillic acid (2.2 g/L) with 95 % yield was achieved in single step in 7 h, whereas 5 g/L vanillin was converted to vanillic acid in 31 h. The vanillic acid thus produced was validated using LC-MS, GC-MS, FTIR and NMR. Further, vanillic acid was evaluated for in vitro anti-tyrosinase and cytotoxic properties on B16F1 skin cell line in dose dependent manner with IC values of 15.84 mM and 9.24 mM respectively. The in silico Swiss target study predicted carbonic acid anhydrase IX and XII as key targets of vanillic acid inside the B16F1 skin cell line and revealed the possible mechanism underlying cell toxicity. Molecular docking indicated a strong linkage between vanillic acid and tyrosinase through four hydrogen and several hydrophobic bonds, with ΔG of -3.36 kJ/mol and Ki of 3.46 mM. The bioavailability of vanillic acid was confirmed by the Swiss ADME study with no violation of Lipinski's five rules.
Topics: Benzaldehydes; Carbonic Acid; Hydrogen; Molecular Docking Simulation; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Polymers; Vanillic Acid
PubMed: 36095944
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117000 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Jun 2022To explore the genomic characterization of an IMP-8-producing Ochrobactrum anthropic and give suggestions for the application of antibiotics.
OBEJECTIVES
To explore the genomic characterization of an IMP-8-producing Ochrobactrum anthropic and give suggestions for the application of antibiotics.
METHODS
In 2021, the infection caused by CRKP was under control after nearly three months of using CAV, however, carbapenem-resistant O. anthropi isolates were collected from a rectal swab sample of a patient with Lumbar Disc Herniation Postoperative Infection. The rectal swab was then enriched in lysogeny broth overnight and inoculated onto China Blue agar plates containing 0.3µg/mL meropenem. And we investigated the characteristics of this carbapenem-resistant O. anthropi by MALDI-TOF MS, Immune colloidal gold technique, conjugation experiment, whole genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
RESULTS
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the O. anthropi were resistant to imipenem, cefmetazole, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, sulbactam/cefopcrazone, ceftazidime/avibactam, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, aztreonam, and not susceptible to meropenem, ertapenem, polymyxin B, tigecycline, amikacin. Immune colloidal gold technique reflected that this strain produced IMP carbapenemases, and the presence of IMP-8 was verified by WGS, which was located in a 21,442 bp, nonconjugative plasmid.
CONCLUSION
Improper antibiotic treatment can cause intestinal flora imbalance and even bacteremia in patients, we should use antibiotics wisely and develop individualized treatment options.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carbapenems; Ceftazidime; Gold Colloid; Humans; Meropenem; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Ochrobactrum anthropi; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 35346886
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.03.016 -
Marine Drugs Feb 2022Epibiotic bacteria associated with the filamentous marine cyanobacterium were explored as a novel source of antibiotics and to establish whether they can produce...
Epibiotic bacteria associated with the filamentous marine cyanobacterium were explored as a novel source of antibiotics and to establish whether they can produce cyclodepsipeptides on their own. Here, we report the isolation of micrococcin P1 () (CHNOS; obs. / 1144.21930/572.60381) and micrococcin P2 () (CHNOS; obs. / 1142.20446/571.60370) from a strain of isolated from ' filaments. Interestingly, most bacteria isolated from ' filaments were found to be human pathogens. Stalked diatoms on the filaments suggested a possible terrestrial origin of some epibionts. CuSO·5HO assisted differential genomic DNA isolation and phylogenetic analysis showed that a Kenyan strain of differed from strain CCAP 1446/4 and clones. Organic extracts of the epibiotic bacteria and did not produce cyclodepsipeptides. Further characterization of 24 Firmicutes strains from identified extracts of as most active. Our results showed that the genetic basis for synthesizing micrococcin P1 (), discovered in ATCC 14579, is species/strain-dependent and this reinforces the need for molecular identification of species worldwide and their epibionts. These findings indicate that -associated bacteria are an overlooked source of antimicrobial compounds.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Bacillus; Bacteriocins; Cyanobacteria; Depsipeptides; Kenya; Phylogeny; Species Specificity
PubMed: 35200657
DOI: 10.3390/md20020128