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International Medical Case Reports... 2019Brucellosis, an important zoonotic disease, is endemic in various parts of the world. Patients diagnosed with brucellosis in developed countries are often travelers and...
Imported Brucellosis In The Era Of Dramatically Increasing Immigrants And Foreign Travelers From Endemic Areas: Occupational Hazards Of Secondary Infection Among Laboratory Technicians In A Nonendemic Country.
BACKGROUND
Brucellosis, an important zoonotic disease, is endemic in various parts of the world. Patients diagnosed with brucellosis in developed countries are often travelers and immigrants from endemic areas. This pathogen is listed as biosafety level 3, which means that it is highly contagious and therefore a risk to clinical laboratory technicians.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 43-year-old Chinese man, who could not understand Japanese, visited our hospital because of an intermittent fever that had persisted for 5 months. Associated symptoms included muscle pain whenever he had a fever. He reported currently working as a welder in Japan. However, his previous employment working in animal husbandry in Heilongjiang, mainland China was not determined at the initial visit owing to language barriers. Two sets of blood culture showed nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli, initially misidentified as and subsequently identified as . Six-week doxycycline and rifampicin were administered, with intravenous gentamicin for the initial 1 week. The patient recovered without relapse, confirmed by the negative result of a agglutination test. The patient's wife and three laboratory technicians were required to undergo blood examinations, which revealed no evidence of infection; however, they received prophylaxis with 3 weeks' doxycycline and rifampicin.
CONCLUSION
In nonendemic countries, immigrants with imported brucellosis can be treated, to prevent secondary brucellosis infection, an occupational hazard among laboratory technicians. Greater attention is needed for positive findings of blood cultures, which may initially be misidentified as . When providing medical care for immigrants with fever of unknown origin, it is especially important for primary care physicians to overcome language barriers so as to assess pertinent information regarding their home country, such as previous employment, to prevent the spread the imported zoonoses in the era of a dramatically increasing number of immigrants and foreign travelers.
PubMed: 31695516
DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S224831 -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Nov 2019Cost and energy reductions in the production process of bismuth chalcogenide (BC) semiconductor materials are essential to make thermoelectric generators comprised of...
Cost and energy reductions in the production process of bismuth chalcogenide (BC) semiconductor materials are essential to make thermoelectric generators comprised of BCs profitable and CO neutral over their life cycle. In this study, as an eco-friendly production method, bismuth selenide (BiSe) nanoparticles were synthesized using the following five strains of chalcogen-metabolizing bacteria: Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I, Pseudomonas sp. RB, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia TI-1, Ochrobactrum anthropi TI-2, and O. anthropi TI-3 under aerobic conditions. All strains actively volatilized selenium (Se) by reducing selenite, possibly to organoselenides. In the growth media containing bismuth (Bi) and Se, all strains removed Bi and Se concomitantly and synthesized nanoparticles containing Bi and Se as their main components. Particles synthesized by strain NT-I had a theoretical elemental composition of BiSe, whereas those synthesized by other strains contained a small amount of sulfur in addition to Bi and Se, making strain NT-I the best BiSe synthesizer among the strains used in this study. The particle sizes were 50-100 nm in diameter, which is sufficiently small for nanostructured semiconductor materials that exhibit quantum size effect. Successful synthesis of BiSe nanoparticles could be attributed to the high Se-volatilizing activities of the bacterial strains. Selenol-containing compounds as intermediates of Se-volatilizing metabolic pathways, such as methane selenol and selenocysteine, may play an important role in biosynthesis of BiSe.
Topics: Bismuth; Chalcogens; Metal Nanoparticles; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Organoselenium Compounds; Pseudomonas; Selenium Compounds; Semiconductors; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
PubMed: 31642950
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10160-2 -
Chemosphere Jan 2020Ochrobactrum anthropi DE2010 is a microorganism isolated from Ebro Delta microbial mats and able to resist high doses of chromium(III) due to its capacity to tolerate,...
Ochrobactrum anthropi DE2010 is a microorganism isolated from Ebro Delta microbial mats and able to resist high doses of chromium(III) due to its capacity to tolerate, absorb and accumulate this metal. The effect of this pollutant on O. anthropi DE2010 has been studied assessing changes in viability and biomass, sorption yields and removal efficiencies. Furthermore, and for the first time, its capacity for immobilizing Cr(III) from culture media was tested by a combination of High Angle Annular Dark Field (HAADF) Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) imaging coupled to Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results showed that O. anthropi DE2010 was grown optimally at 0-2 mM Cr(III). On the other hand, from 2 to 10 mM Cr(III) microbial plate counts, growth rates, cell viability, and biomass decreased while extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production increases. Furthermore, this bacterium had a great ability to remove Cr(III) at 10 mM (q = 950.00 mg g) immobilizing it mostly in bright polyphosphate inclusions and secondarily on the cellular surface at the EPS level. Based on these results, O. anthropi DE2010 could be considered as a potential agent for bioremediation in Cr(III) contaminated environments.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Biomass; Chromium; Microbial Viability; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
PubMed: 31472343
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124663 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Dec 2019A Gram-negative chlorate-reducing bacterial strain XM-1 was isolated. The 16S rRNA gene sequence identified the isolate as Ochrobactrum anthropi XM-1, which was the...
A Gram-negative chlorate-reducing bacterial strain XM-1 was isolated. The 16S rRNA gene sequence identified the isolate as Ochrobactrum anthropi XM-1, which was the first strain of genus Ochrobactrum reported having the ability to reduce chlorate. The optimum growth temperature and pH for strain XM-1 to reduce chlorate was found to be 30 °C and 5.0-7.5, respectively, under anaerobic condition. Strain XM-1 could tolerate high chlorate concentration (200 mM), and utilize a variety of carbohydrates (glucose, L-arabinose, D-fructose, sucrose), glycerin and sodium citrate as electron donors. In addition, oxygen and nitrate could be used as electron acceptors, but perchlorate could not be reduced. Enzyme activities related to chlorate reducing were characterized in cell extracts. Activities of chlorate reductase and chlorite dismutase could be detected in XM-1 cells grown under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, implying the two enzymes were constitutively expressed. This work suggests a high potential of applying Ochrobactrum anthropi XM-1 for remediation of chlorate contamination.
Topics: Aerobiosis; Anaerobiosis; Chlorates; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases
PubMed: 31325697
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120873 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Aug 2020The aim of the present study was to investigate biosurfactant production ability of five different polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-metabolizing bacteria, such as...
The aim of the present study was to investigate biosurfactant production ability of five different polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-metabolizing bacteria, such as Ochrobactrum anthropi IITR07, Pseudomonas mendocina IITR46, Microbacterium esteraromaticum IITR47, Pseudomonas aeruginosa IITR48, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia IITR87. These bacteria showed biosurfactant production using 2% glucose as rich substrate; strain IITR47 yielded the highest with 906 and 534 mg/L biosurfactant in the presence of naphthalene and crude oil as the unique carbon sources. P. aeruginosa IITR48 showed the least surface tension at 29 N/m and the highest emulsification index at 63%. The biosurfactants produced were identified as glycolipid and rhamnolipid based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. In particular, the biosurfactant produced by bacteria S. maltophilia IITR87 efficiently emulsified mustard oil with an E24 value of 56%. It was observed that, all five biosurfactants from these degrader strains removed 2.4-, 1.7-, 0.9-, 3.8-, and 8.3-fold, respectively, crude oil from contaminated cotton cloth. Rhamnolipid derived from IITR87 was most efficient, exhibiting highest desorption of crude oil. These biosurfactants exhibited good stability without significantly losing its emulsification ability under extreme conditions, thus can be employed for bioremediation of PAHs from diverse contaminated ecosystem. Graphical Abstract.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Bacteria; Biodegradation, Environmental; Ecosystem; Microbacterium; Petroleum; Sewage; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 31190304
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05591-3 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Aug 2019The genus Ochrobactrum belongs to the family Brucellaceae and its members are known to be adapted to a wide range of ecological niches. Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49188...
The genus Ochrobactrum belongs to the family Brucellaceae and its members are known to be adapted to a wide range of ecological niches. Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49188 and Ochrobactrum lupini LUP21 are strains isolated from human clinical and plant root nodule samples, respectively, which share high similarity for phylogenetic markers (i.e 100 % for 16S rRNA, 99.9 % for dnaK and 99.35 % for rpoB). In this work, multiple genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) approaches, digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and phylogenetic analysis were performed in order to investigate the taxonomic relationship between O. anthropi ATCC 49188, O. lupini LUP21, and other five type strains from the genus Ochrobactrum. Whole-genome comparisons demonstrated that O. lupini LUP21 and the Ochrobactrum genus type species, O. anthropi ATCC 49188, share 97.55 % of ANIb, 98.25 % of ANIm, 97.99 % of gANI, 97.94 % of OrthoANI and 83.9 % of dDDH, which exceed the species delineation thresholds. These strains are also closely related in phylogenies reconstructed from a concatenation of 1193 sequences from single-copy ortholog genes. A review of their profiles revealed that O. anthropi ATCC 49188 and O. lupini LUP21 do not present pronounced differences at phenotypic and chemotaxonomic levels. Considering phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, O. lupini should be considered a later heterotypic synonym of O. anthropi.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Ochrobactrum; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 31120414
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003465 -
Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses Oct 2019
Topics: Catheter-Related Infections; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Middle Aged; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
PubMed: 31113703
DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.04.393 -
Journal of Basic Microbiology Jul 2019In the present study, 12 indigenous diesel-oil-degrading bacteria were isolated from the petroleum-contaminated soils of the Changqing oil field (Xi'an, China)....
In the present study, 12 indigenous diesel-oil-degrading bacteria were isolated from the petroleum-contaminated soils of the Changqing oil field (Xi'an, China). Measurement of the diesel-oil degradation rates of these strains by the gravimetric method revealed that they ranged from 42% to 66% within 2 weeks. The highest degradation rates were observed from strains CQ8-1 (66%), CQ8-2 (62.6%), and CQ11 (59%), which were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, Ochrobactrum anthropi, and Bordetella bronchialis, respectively, based on their 16S rDNA sequences. Moreover, the physiological and biochemical properties of these three strains were analyzed by Gram staining, catalase, oxidase, and Voges-Proskauer tests. Transmission electron microscopy showed that all three strains were rod shaped with flagella. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometric analyses indicated that medium- and long-chain n-alkanes in diesel oil (C11-C29) were degraded to different degrees by B. thuringiensis, O. anthropi, and B. bronchialis, and the degradation rates gradually decreased as the carbon numbers increased. Overall, the results of this study indicate strains CQ8-1, CQ8-2, and CQ11 might be useful for environmentally friendly and cost-effective bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils.
Topics: Alkanes; Bacteria; Biodegradation, Environmental; China; DNA, Bacterial; Flagella; Oil and Gas Fields; Petroleum; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 31081547
DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800674 -
Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland :... 2019O. anthropi, formerly known as Achromobacter, is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacillus, widespread in the environment, in various ecological niches. Currently, it is an...
O. anthropi, formerly known as Achromobacter, is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacillus, widespread in the environment, in various ecological niches. Currently, it is an emerging opportunistic microorganism associated with health care, as well as infections in people with immunodeficiency, mainly in children and newborns. The authors of the presented work present a case of a 13-year-old female patient with a neurodegenerative disorder in which O. anthropi was isolated from blood cultures. She was hospitalized in the Social Society of the Cordis Hospice in Katowice, and after discharge from the hospice she was covered by long-term home care under the supervision of a family doctor. Clinical picture O. anthropi can be very different, causes serious infections, such as blood infections. Due to difficulties in identification, Ochrobactrum anthropi can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The difficulty in differentiating Ochrobactrum spp. Is also related to the lack of a clear clinical picture of infection with bactera O.anthropi. In addition, this microorganism is difficult to treat due to the natural broad spectrum of antibiotic resistance.
Topics: Adolescent; Bacteremia; Child; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Long-Term Care; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Physicians, Family
PubMed: 31051003
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2019Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial mostly due to cutaneous microorganisms migration through the catheter...
OBJECTIVE
Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial mostly due to cutaneous microorganisms migration through the catheter insertion site and catheter tip colonization. Ochrobactrum anthropi is a gram-negative bacterium belonging to the Brucellaceae and related infections are especially observed in immunocompromised patients.
METHODS
Therefore, O. anthropi infection prevention and surveillance are relevant issues for healthcare system and risk management, in order to improve healthcare quality and patient safety. Four cases of anthropi-related CRBSIs occurring in immunodepressed patients under chemotherapy treatment are reported and the possible prevention and surveillance strategies are analyzed.
RESULTS
In the reported cases, all infections occurred almost simultaneously in the Oncology Unit, leading to hypothesize an identical infection source. Subsequently, a clinical audit was performed in order to investigate infection origin and implement prevention and control strategies. Clinical audit allowed to identify the hand hygiene defects as the primary source of the infections, responsible for catheter flushing solution contamination.
CONCLUSION
The aim of this study is to reveal how through correct root cause analysis and clinical audit, several measures could be undertaken in order to promote the prevention of the CRBSIs risk.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Catheter-Related Infections; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Root Cause Analysis
PubMed: 30961484
DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190405182025