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Korean Journal of Ophthalmology : KJO Dec 2013To analyze the autofluorescence (AF) properties of pinguecula using cobalt-blue and yellow filters and to investigate the nature and pathogenesis of pingueculae using...
PURPOSE
To analyze the autofluorescence (AF) properties of pinguecula using cobalt-blue and yellow filters and to investigate the nature and pathogenesis of pingueculae using histochemical and immunohistochemical staining.
METHODS
Fifty pingueculae in 40 patients were included in this study. AF of the pingueculae was observed and analyzed using a cobalt-blue filter with an additional yellow filter on a slit-lamp. Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical stainings were performed on surgical specimens of pingueculae that were prepared from each patient. Immunohistochemical staining included Congo red, Oil Red O, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Masson's trichrome, transglutaminase-2 (TG-2), mesenchymal stem cell markers CD29 (β-1-integrin), and CD34.
RESULTS
AF images revealed hyper-AF in the pinguecula area. The AF lesions of pingueculae showed superficial punctuate erosions and avascular lesions. Deposition of eosinophilic and amorphous materials in the subepithelial layer of the pinguecula were observed on hematoxylin-eosin staining. Historeactivities to Congo red, PAS, Oil Red O, alcian blue, and Masson's trichrome were not detected, but immunoreactivities to CD29, CD34, and TG-2 were detected in the pingueculae with AF. However, CD29, CD34, and TG-2 were not detected in the pingueculae without AF.
CONCLUSIONS
The AF of pingueculae may be related to CD29, CD34, and TG-2. We suggest that pingueculae with AF have a different pathogenesis compared to pingueculae without AF.
Topics: Aged; Coloring Agents; Female; Fluorescence; Follow-Up Studies; Hematoxylin; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Middle Aged; Pinguecula; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 24311926
DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2013.27.6.416 -
Archivos de La Sociedad Espanola de... Oct 2014The pinguecula is a degenerative lesion which is usually asymptomatic, except when it is associated with an inflammatory reaction. We present 2 clinical cases of...
CLINICAL CASES
The pinguecula is a degenerative lesion which is usually asymptomatic, except when it is associated with an inflammatory reaction. We present 2 clinical cases of patients that had symptomatic pinguecula, in which intra-lesional betamethasone in depot form was used as treatment, obtaining a significant clinical improvement.
DISCUSSION
The administration of intra-lesional betamethasone in depot form may be a good alternative for the treatment of the symptomatic pinguecula.
Topics: Adult; Betamethasone; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Pinguecula
PubMed: 24269437
DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2013.04.012 -
International Ophthalmology Apr 2014The objective of this study is to review the association between ultraviolet (UV) light and ocular diseases. The data are sourced from the literature search of Medline... (Review)
Review
The objective of this study is to review the association between ultraviolet (UV) light and ocular diseases. The data are sourced from the literature search of Medline up to Nov 2012, and the extracted data from original articles, review papers, and book chapters were reviewed. There is a strong evidence that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is associated with the formation of eyelid malignancies [basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)], photokeratitis, climatic droplet keratopathy (CDK), pterygium, and cortical cataract. However, the evidence of the association between UV exposure and development of pinguecula, nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract, ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), and ocular melanoma remained limited. There is insufficient evidence to determine whether age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is related to UV exposure. It is now suggested that AMD is probably related to visible radiation especially blue light, rather than UV exposure. From the results, it was concluded that eyelid malignancies (BCC and SCC), photokeratitis, CDK, pterygium, and cortical cataract are strongly associated with UVR exposure. Evidence of the association between UV exposure and development of pinguecula, nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract, OSSN, and ocular melanoma remained limited. There is insufficient evidence to determine whether AMD is related to UV exposure. Simple behaviural changes, appropriate clothing, wearing hats, and UV blocking spectacles, sunglasses or contact lens are effective measures for UV protection.
Topics: Eye Diseases; Eye Protective Devices; Eyelid Neoplasms; Health Behavior; Humans; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Protective Clothing; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 23722672
DOI: 10.1007/s10792-013-9791-x -
Klinische Monatsblatter Fur... Apr 2013
Topics: Conjunctival Neoplasms; Humans; Pinguecula; Pterygium
PubMed: 23629804
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1325008 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2013To evaluate the complications of cosmetic wide conjunctivectomy and postoperative topical mitomycin C application with or without bevacizumab injection.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the complications of cosmetic wide conjunctivectomy and postoperative topical mitomycin C application with or without bevacizumab injection.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional cohort study.
METHODS
Medical records of 1713 consecutive subjects who received cosmetic wide conjunctivectomy plus postoperative topical mitomycin C by a single surgeon at a single center with or without bevacizumab injection from November 2007 to May 2010 were reviewed. A telephone interview was conducted with 557 of the subjects who could be contacted and agreed to participate in the study. Complications, recurrences, and patient satisfaction were the main outcome measures.
RESULTS
A total of 1713 consecutive patients underwent cosmetic wide conjunctivectomy to treat conjunctival hyperemia. Ocular diagnoses in the medical records at the time of surgery included hyperemia (8.8%), pterygium (14.0%), dry eye (3.5%), pinguecula (1.5%), and conjunctival disorder (23.3%). For the remaining 48.9% of subjects, the diagnosis was not mentioned, or the surgical procedure was for cosmetic purposes. Patients were followed for a mean of 10.9 months (range, 0-30.3 months). The overall complication rate was 82.9%, of which 55.6% were considered severe (fibrovascular conjunctival tissue proliferation, 43.8%; scleral thinning, 4.4%; scleral thinning with calcified plaques, 6.2%; intraocular pressure elevation, 13.1%; diplopia, 3.6%; and recurrence of hyperemic conjunctiva, 28.1%).
CONCLUSIONS
Cosmetic wide conjunctivectomy plus postoperative topical mitomycin C with or without bevacizumab injection has a high rate of complications and reoperations.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Aged; Alkylating Agents; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Bevacizumab; Conjunctiva; Conjunctival Diseases; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitomycin; Patient Satisfaction; Postoperative Complications; Reoperation; Retrospective Studies; Surgery, Plastic; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Young Adult
PubMed: 23570698
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.01.035 -
Cornea Jul 2013To determine the efficacy and safety of argon laser photocoagulation of pinguecula by evaluating 1-year outcomes. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To determine the efficacy and safety of argon laser photocoagulation of pinguecula by evaluating 1-year outcomes.
METHODS
Twenty-one eyes of 15 patients treated with argon laser photocoagulation (photocoagulation group) and 23 eyes of 16 patients treated with surgical excision (excision group) were retrospectively reviewed. Cosmetic outcome was evaluated by patient's self-report on a 5-grade scale (excellent, good, acceptable, poor, and very poor), and evaluation of treatment outcome was based on objective findings of anterior segment photography and anterior segment optical coherence tomography.
RESULTS
Overall cosmetic results were excellent or good in 90.5% of laser-treated cases and 78.6% of surgically treated cases. There was no significant difference in cosmetic outcome (P = 0.15). Nineteen (90.5%) and 17 (63.9%) cases demonstrated complete removal of pingueculae after laser photocoagulation and surgical excision, respectively. The anatomic outcome was not significantly different between the 2 groups (P = 0.25). Subconjunctival hemorrhage and conjunctival scarring with an irregular surface occurred less frequently in the photocoagulation group than in the excision group [34.8% vs. 0% (P = 0.003) and 30.4% vs. 4.8% (P = 0.048), respectively].
CONCLUSIONS
Argon laser photocoagulation is an effective and safe method for removing a pinguecula for cosmetic purposes. The method facilitates control of the extent and depth of removal and thus minimizes conjunctival defects and other complications.
Topics: Adult; Anterior Eye Segment; Female; Humans; Laser Coagulation; Lasers, Excimer; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; Pinguecula; Retrospective Studies; Suture Techniques; Tears; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 23449487
DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e31828344c9 -
Oftalmologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990) 2013Ophthalmoheliosis are a class of diseases in which acute or chronic exposure to UV radiation is crucial. Pathology is different, depending on the duration, wave-lenghth,...
Ophthalmoheliosis are a class of diseases in which acute or chronic exposure to UV radiation is crucial. Pathology is different, depending on the duration, wave-lenghth, size and intensity of exposure. The aim of this paper is to highlight the mechanisms by which UVR absorption occurs in the eye and patho-physiological changes with many types of pathology. There are also presented categories risk factors and preventive measures of the disease.
Topics: Cataract; Contact Lenses; Eye Diseases; Eye Neoplasms; Eyeglasses; Eyelid Neoplasms; Humans; Keratitis; Macular Degeneration; Pinguecula; Pterygium; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Seasons; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 24701809
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Medica Iranica 2012While pterygium is considered a common eye disorder, the etiology and pathogenesis is still not known. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of pterygium...
While pterygium is considered a common eye disorder, the etiology and pathogenesis is still not known. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of pterygium and pinguecula in the over 40 population of Shahroud and assess associated factors. The present study is part of the phase one of the Shahroud Eye Cohort Study conducted in 2009, in which the target population was people between 40 and 64 years of age. Ophthalmic examinations were performed by two ophthalmologists who made the diagnosis of pterygium and pinguecula. We used Chi-square tests, analysis of variance, and multiple logistic regression tests to examine associations. Of the 6311 invitees, 5190 people participated in the study (response rate: 82.2%). The prevalence of pterygium in at least one eye was 9.4% (95% CI, 8.6-10.3), while 2.9% (95%CI, 2.4-3.3) had bilateral pterygium. The prevalence was significantly higher in men (11.4% vs. 8.0%), and remained relatively constant with age, while the prevalence in women significantly increased with age. The prevalence of pinguecula was 61.0% (95%CI, 59.1-62.9) in at least one eye, and 49.0% (95%CI, 47.1-50.9) in both eyes. The age difference between those with and without pinguecula was significant and the prevalence was significantly higher among men than women (70.6% vs. 53.8%). The prevalence of pterygium in our study was lower than reported rates in the world but higher than Tehran and was significantly associated with age, gender, working outdoors, and the level of education. The prevalence of unilateral and bilateral pinguecula falls in the mid range and was significantly associated with age, male gender, smoking, working outdoors, and level of education.
Topics: Adult; Age Distribution; Analysis of Variance; Astigmatism; Cohort Studies; Educational Status; Female; Humans; Iran; Male; Middle Aged; Occupations; Pinguecula; Prevalence; Pterygium; Sex Distribution; Smoking; Urban Population; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 23275285
DOI: No ID Found -
Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital... 2012Conjunctival masses are growth on the surface of the outer eye; which may represent benign or malignant transformations.
BACKGROUND
Conjunctival masses are growth on the surface of the outer eye; which may represent benign or malignant transformations.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the pattern of presentation of conjunctival masses at the Guinness Eye Centre (GEC), Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) Idi-Araba over a 13 year period (Jan 1995-Dec 2007).
METHOD
A retrospective review of the clinical notes of all patients that presented to GEC with conjunctival masses during the study period was carried out. The bio-data, clinical features, stage, laterality and associated features of the masses were noted. The diagnosis, treatment and complications of treatment were also recorded.
RESULTS
Case notes of 612 eyes of 393 patients were included in the study. There were 219 (55.7%) males, 174 (44.3%) females with ages ranging from 4-85 years with a male to female ratio of 1.26: 1. Three hundred and eighty-eight patients (98.7%) presented as elective cases to the outpatient department while 5 (1.3%) presented as emergencies on account of associated ocular inflammation. There were 220 (56%) bilateral masses while 44% were uniocular. Pterygium was the leading conjunctival mass affecting 548 eyes (89.5%) of 329 patients. Pingueculae occurred in 53 eyes (8.7%), conjunctival cysts in 5 (0.8%) eyes, neoplastic growths in 3 (0.5%) eyes, conjunctival granulomas in 2 (0.3%) eyes and limbal teratoma in 1 (0.2%) eye. Most of these patients defaulted from surgery as only 141 eyes (23%) of 121 patients had surgery. Post-operative complications occurred in 33 eyes (5.4%) of 30 patients. The commonest postoperative complication was pterygium recurrence which occurred in 18 eyes of 15 patients.
CONCLUSION
Pterygium was the commonest conjunctival mass and preventive strategies need to be advocated. Prevention of recurrence remains a challenge in the management of pterygium as recurrence after surgical excision occurred in 13.2% of eyes. Our study however did not confirm outdoor occupations as a risk factor for pterygium.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Conjunctival Diseases; Conjunctival Neoplasms; Female; Hospitals, Teaching; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nigeria; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 23175879
DOI: No ID Found -
Archivos de La Sociedad Espanola de... Nov 2012
Comparative Study
Topics: Conjunctival Diseases; Copying Processes; Eyelashes; Eyelid Neoplasms; Female; Hand; Hemorrhage; History, 16th Century; Humans; Italy; Lip Diseases; Medicine in the Arts; Museums; Nevus, Pigmented; Paintings; Paris; Pinguecula; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Ulcer; Spain; Xanthomatosis
PubMed: 23058199
DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2012.06.015