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Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2023This study aimed to determine the proliferation and apoptotic effects of extracts from L. and fruits on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7).
BACKGROUND/AIM
This study aimed to determine the proliferation and apoptotic effects of extracts from L. and fruits on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The L. and fruits, which constitute the herbal material of the study, were turned into 80% acetone extract after washing. The total phenolic content in fruit extracts was determined calorimetrically using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The spectrophotometric method was used to determine the total flavonoid amount of the extracts. In order to measure the antioxidant capacity of L. and fruits and extracts, DPPH Radical Scavenging Power test and Cu (II) ion reducing antioxidant capacity method were applied. Cell viability rates were determined by the XTT method. Flow cytometric measurement was performed to examine the apoptotic role of the extracts in the cell by using the Annexin-V/7-AAD commercial kit.
RESULTS
According to the data, fruit extract appeared more effective on MCF-7 breast cancer cells in both 24 and 48 hours of exposure. Analyses made to examine the phenolic component and antioxidant capacity properties of the fruits used in the study and the results we encountered when we exposed the cell were found to be compatible with each other. Annexin-V/7-AAD method showed that the apoptotic effects of the extracts in 48 hour exposures were more effective.
CONCLUSION
It has been determined that L. and fruits, which are rich in phenolic components with high flavonoid content and high antioxidant capacities, support the apoptosis of cancer cells.
Topics: Humans; Berberis; Apoptosis; Plant Extracts; Cornus; MCF-7 Cells; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Antioxidants; Acetone; Fruit; Cell Survival; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Cell Proliferation; Phenols
PubMed: 38813021
DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5715 -
RSC Advances May 2024In this study, we synthesized mixed ligand complexes of the -[Co(tn)(Rpy)Br]Br type using a novel mechanochemical approach. Characterization involved spectral...
In this study, we synthesized mixed ligand complexes of the -[Co(tn)(Rpy)Br]Br type using a novel mechanochemical approach. Characterization involved spectral measurements and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, confirming the structure of the -[Co(tn)(4-Mepy)Br]Br complex. The single crystal refinement data revealed a monoclinic crystal system with a distorted octahedral geometry. The choice of the sixth ligand influenced the emission and magnetic properties, showing a ferromagnetic character in the Co(iii)-complex environment. We investigated efficient electron transfer to the cobalt(iii) center using TiO nanoparticles under UV-light irradiation. The adsorption characteristics of -[Co(tn)(Rpy)Br]Br in aqueous 2-propanol varied, leading to surface compound formation. Under UV irradiation, the anatase surface exhibited remarkable adsorption capabilities, facilitating efficient electron transfer to the Co(iii) center and resulting in a high photoefficiency for Co(ii) formation. Our study has put forward a model for interfacial electron transfer (IET), taking into account the overlap between the TiO conduction band and the acceptor level of the Co center, as well as the electronic coupling between the donor level of the Ti center and the acceptor level of the Co center. This model sheds light on the accumulation of electrons for reducing the adhered complex ion. The IET process was corroborated by the conversion of 2-propanol into acetone, as verified by H NMR technique. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the role of the Rpy moiety in modifying the structure of the TiO-cobalt(iii)-Rpy compound and propose a mechanism for IET reactions, thus advancing the field.
PubMed: 38808249
DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02648a -
Translational Animal Science 2024The use of tissue specimens for undergraduate instruction is a very valuable tool. However, fresh tissue specimens are not always available and many common preservation...
The use of tissue specimens for undergraduate instruction is a very valuable tool. However, fresh tissue specimens are not always available and many common preservation techniques can result in discoloration, offensive odors, and/or dangerous chemical residues. The Elnady Technique was developed as a means to produce tissue specimens that "are realistic, durable, have no offensive odor, and are dry, soft and flexible" (Elnady, F.A. 2016 The Elnady Technique: An innovative, new method for tissue preservation. 33:237-242. doi:10.14573/altex.1511091). Briefly for soft tissue, specimens were preserved by fixing in formalin. The tissue specimen was then dehydrated with a series of acetone baths. Once the tissue was fully dehydrated, the specimen was impregnated in glycerin. Excess glycerin was then removed by draining followed by immersion in cornstarch. Cornstarch residue was removed with a soft brush, and the specimen was stored in a plastic bag. Multiple specimens (including the female reproductive tract of the cat, goat, horse, and sow; digestive tract of cat, chicken, and dog; 1-day-old lamb stomach; goat rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum; and sheep heart and kidney) have been preserved and used in various animal science course laboratories (126 laboratory sections and 1,696 students at Berry College). Some of the specimens have been in use for seven years and are still in usable condition. Anonymously surveyed Berry College Animal Science Faculty strongly agreed or agreed that Elnady preserved tissues are a useful teaching aid ( = 5). The Elnady Technique has proven to be a useful means of preserving tissue samples used in undergraduate animal science courses.
PubMed: 38800102
DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae077 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024E. Mey. Ex Sprague (Mistletoe) is a semi-parasitic plant that grows on the branches of other trees with reported numerous biological activities. This study was aimed at...
E. Mey. Ex Sprague (Mistletoe) is a semi-parasitic plant that grows on the branches of other trees with reported numerous biological activities. This study was aimed at isolating a compound/s that will be used as a standard reference for quality control of South African-based commercialized mistletoe products and to further perform antioxidant and antimicrobial tests on the isolated compound. A dried sample of mistletoe was ground and extracted successively with hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), acetone and methanol using a serial exhaustive cold maceration procedure. The compound was isolated using column chromatography, and its chemical structure was elucidated using two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The antioxidant activity of the compound was determined using DPPH, hydrogen radical scavenging activity and reducing power assays, whereas antimicrobial activity was assessed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Subjection of the DCM extract to column chromatography resulted in the isolation of a compound elucidated as olean-12-en-28-butanol-1-one, 3-hydroxy-4,4,10, 14, 20-pentamethyl (). Both the DPPH, HO radical scavenging activity and reducing power assays revealed a significant antioxidant potential of compound with an IC of 0.701 mg/mL, lower than that of gallic acid (0.793 mg/mL) for the HO radical scavenging assay. The results also indicated good antibacterial activity of with an IC of 0.25 mg/mL, compared to ciprofloxacin with an IC of 0.0039 mg/mL, against two Gram-negative (, ) and three Gram-positive (, ) bacteria. This study is the first to report on the isolation of the olean-12-en-28-butanol derivative from mistletoe of the South African ecotype.
PubMed: 38794452
DOI: 10.3390/plants13101382 -
Pharmaceutics Apr 2024The study aimed to enhance the solubility of the poorly water-soluble drug, fenofibrate, by loading it onto mesoporous silica, forming amorphous solid dispersions. Solid...
The study aimed to enhance the solubility of the poorly water-soluble drug, fenofibrate, by loading it onto mesoporous silica, forming amorphous solid dispersions. Solid dispersions with 30% fenofibrate were prepared using the solvent evaporation method with three solvents (ethyl acetate, acetone, and isopropanol) at different temperatures (40 °C, boiling point temperature). Various characteristics, including solid-state properties, particle morphology, and drug release, were evaluated by different methods and compared to a pure drug and a physical mixture of fenofibrate and silica. Results revealed that higher solvent temperatures facilitated complete amorphization and rapid drug release, with solvent choice having a lesser impact. The optimal conditions for preparation were identified as ethyl acetate at boiling point temperature. Solid dispersions with different fenofibrate amounts (20%, 25%, 35%) were prepared under these conditions. All formulations were fully amorphous, and their dissolution profiles were comparable to the formulation with 30% fenofibrate. Stability assessments after 8 weeks at 40 °C and 75% relative humidity indicated that formulations prepared with ethyl acetate and at 40 °C were physically stable. Interestingly, some formulations showed improved dissolution profiles compared to initial tests. In conclusion, mesoporous silica-based solid dispersions effectively improved fenofibrate dissolution and demonstrated good physical stability if prepared under appropriate conditions.
PubMed: 38794237
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050575 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Conducting polymers like polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene with nanostructures offers several advantages, such as high conductivity, a conjugated structure,...
Conducting polymers like polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene with nanostructures offers several advantages, such as high conductivity, a conjugated structure, and a large surface area, making them highly desirable for energy storage applications. However, the direct synthesis of conducting polymers with nanostructures poses a challenge. In this study, we employed a hard template method to fabricate polystyrene@polypyrrole (PS@PPy) core-shell nanoparticles. It is important to note that PS itself is a nonconductive material that hinders electron and ion transport, compromising the desired electrochemical properties. To overcome this limitation, the PS cores were removed using organic solvents to create hollow PPy nanospheres. We investigated six different organic solvents (cyclohexane, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, acetone, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)) for etching the PS cores. The resulting hollow PPy nanospheres showed various nanostructures, including intact, hollow, buckling, and collapsed structures, depending on the thickness of the PPy shell and the organic solvent used. PPy nanospheres synthesized with DMF demonstrated superior electrochemical properties compared to those prepared with other solvents, attributed to their highly effective PS removal efficiency, increased specific surface area, and improved charge transport efficiency. The specific capacitances of PPy nanospheres treated with DMF were as high as 350 F/g at 1 A/g. And the corresponding symmetric supercapacitor demonstrated a maximum energy density of 40 Wh/kg at a power density of 490 W/kg. These findings provide new insights into the synthesis method and energy storage mechanisms of PPy nanoparticles.
PubMed: 38792192
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102331 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Catalytic total oxidation is an effective technique for the treatment of industrial VOCs principally resulting from industrial processes using solvents and usually...
Catalytic total oxidation is an effective technique for the treatment of industrial VOCs principally resulting from industrial processes using solvents and usually containing mono-aromatics (BTEX) and oxygenated compounds (acetone, ethanol, butanone). The aim of this work is to deposit gold nanoparticles on CoAl mixed oxide issued from layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursor by using the deposition precipitation (DP) method, which is applied with two modifications, labeled method (A) and method (B), in order to enhance the interaction of the HAuCl precursor with the support. Method (A) involves the hydrolysis of the HAuCl precursor after addition of the support, while in method (B), the gold precursor is hydrolyzed before adding the support. The two methods were applied using as support the CoAl mixed oxide and the LDH precursor. Samples were characterized by several physical chemical techniques and evaluated for ethanol total oxidation. Method (B) allowed the ethanol oxidation activity to be enhanced for the resulting Au/CoAlOx catalysts thanks to the high surface concentration of Co and improved reducibility at low temperature. The presence of gold permits to minimize the formation of by-products, notably, methanol, allowed for a total oxidation of ethanol at lower temperature than the corresponding support.
PubMed: 38792146
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102285 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the environment, posing a threat to ecosystems and causing increasing concerns regarding their impacts on the human body through...
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the environment, posing a threat to ecosystems and causing increasing concerns regarding their impacts on the human body through exposure. However, there has been limited research on the presence of MPs in functional foods, despite them being consumed for health improvement. This study aimed to investigate MP occurrence in various omega-3 oils and oil products in the Korean market and its relation to the source of raw material or manufacture. MPs were investigated in omega-3 capsules and raw oil, sourced from both plant-based (PB) and animal-based (AB) sources. We developed a method of direct filtration with acetone washing for collecting and characterizing MPs larger than 5 μm using micro-Raman spectroscopy. The average number of MPs by mass was found to be 1.2 ± 1.7 MPs/g for PB raw oil, 2.2 ± 1.7 MPs/g for AB raw oil, 3.5 ± 3.9 MPs/g for PB capsule oil, and 10.6 ± 8.9 MPs/g for AB capsule oil. Polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate were the major MP species (83-95%) found in omega-3 oil. The proportions based on size range remained consistent across all groups, with a trend of being detected at higher rates as the size decreased. The results reveal that the main reason for the MP contamination of omega-3 oil is not the source of raw material but the manufacturing and packaging process.
PubMed: 38790734
DOI: 10.3390/foods13101434 -
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024The valorization of the large amount of crude glycerol formed from the biodiesel industry is of primordial necessity. One possible direction with high interest to the... (Review)
Review
The valorization of the large amount of crude glycerol formed from the biodiesel industry is of primordial necessity. One possible direction with high interest to the biorefinery sector is the production of fuel additives such as solketal, through the acetalization of glycerol with acetone. This is a chemical process that conciliates high sustainability and economic interest, since solketal contributes to the fulfillment of a Circular Economy Model through its use in biodiesel blends. The key to guarantee high efficiency and high sustainability for solketal production is the use of recovery and recyclable heterogeneous catalysts. Reported works indicate that high yields are attributed to catalyst acidity, mainly the ones containing Brönsted acidic sites. On the other hand, the catalyst stability and its recycling capacity are completely dependent of the support material and the acidic sites incorporation methodology. This review intends to conciliate the information spread on this topic and indicate the most assertive strategies to achieve high solketal production in short reaction time during various reaction cycles.
PubMed: 38786785
DOI: 10.3390/nano14100828 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Bacterial infections and resistance to antibiotic drugs represent the highest challenges to public health. The search for new and promising compounds with anti-bacterial...
Bacterial infections and resistance to antibiotic drugs represent the highest challenges to public health. The search for new and promising compounds with anti-bacterial activity is a very urgent matter. To promote the development of platforms enabling the discovery of compounds with anti-bacterial activity, Fourier-Transform Mid-Infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy coupled with machine learning algorithms was used to predict the impact of compounds extracted from against . According to the plant tissues (seeds, dry and fresh leaves, and flowers) and the solvents used (ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and water), compounds with different compositions concerning the phenol content and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were obtained. A principal component analysis of the spectra allowed us to discriminate compounds that inhibited growth according to the conventional assay. The supervised classification models enabled the prediction of the compounds' impact on growth, showing the following values for accuracy: 94% for partial least squares-discriminant analysis; 89% for support vector machine; 72% for k-nearest neighbors; and 100% for a backpropagation network. According to the results, the integration of FT-MIR spectroscopy with machine learning presents a high potential to promote the discovery of new compounds with antibacterial activity, thereby streamlining the drug exploratory process.
PubMed: 38786156
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13050428