Did you mean: escherichia albert ii
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Heliyon May 2024is an emerging zoonotic foodborne pathogen The clinical significance of this bacterium has increasingly been recognized worldwide. However, diagnostic method has not...
Detection of prolong excretion of in stool specimens of a 7-year-old child by a newly developed gene-based quantitative real-time PCR method and molecular characterization of the isolates.
is an emerging zoonotic foodborne pathogen The clinical significance of this bacterium has increasingly been recognized worldwide. However, diagnostic method has not yet been established and its clinical manifestations are not fully understood. Here, we show that an gene-based quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) developed in this study is 100% specific and sensitive when tested with 39 and 36 non- strains, respectively. Detection limit of the real-time PCR was 10 colony forming unit (CFU) and 1 pg of genomic DNA per PCR tube. When was spiked with 4 × 10-10 CFU per mL to stool of healthy person, detection limit was 4.0 × 10 and 4.0 CFU per mL before and after enrichment culture, respectively. Moreover, the qRT-PCR was able to detect in five children out of 246 (2%) but none from 142 adults suffering from gastroenteritis. All five strains isolated carried and genes, however, only one strain harbored genes. Long-term shedding of gene-positive in a child stool could be detected because of the qRT-PCR developed in this study which might have been missed if only conventional PCR and culture methods were employed. Furthermore, isolated from siblings with diarrhea showed clonality by PFGE analysis. Taken together, these data suggest that the gene-based qRT-PCR developed for the detection of is useful and will assist in determining the real burden and clinical manifestation of infections.
PubMed: 38737260
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30042 -
Environment International Apr 2024This study is focused on Escherichia spp. isolates resistant to critically important antibiotics (cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and colistin) among Caspian gull's (Larus...
This study is focused on Escherichia spp. isolates resistant to critically important antibiotics (cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and colistin) among Caspian gull's (Larus cachinnans) chicks nesting in the Nove Mlyny Water Reservoir, Czech Republic. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria within wild birds is commonly evaluated using a single sampling event, capturing only a brief and momentary snapshot at a particular location. Therefore, the Caspian gulls in our study were sampled in May 2018 (n = 72) and May 2019 (n = 45), and a water sample was taken from the reservoir (2019). We obtained 197 isolates identified as E. coli by MALDI-TOF MS. A total of 158 representative isolates were whole-genome sequenced, 17 isolates were then reclassified to Escherichia albertii. We observed a higher (86 %; 62/72) occurrence of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia spp. among gulls in 2018 compared to 38 % (17/45) in 2019 (p < 0.00001). The decrease in prevalence was linked to clonal lineage of E. coli ST11893 predominating in 2018 which carried bla and which was not recovered from the gulls in 2019. Oppositely, several Escherichia STs were found in gulls from both years as well as in the water sample including STs commonly recognized as internationally high-risk lineages such as ST10, ST58, ST88, ST117, ST648 or ST744. Phylogenetic analysis of E. coli from EnteroBase from countries where these particular gulls wander revealed that some STs are commonly found in various sources including humans and a portion of them is even closely related (up to 100 SNPs) to our isolates. We demonstrated that the occurrence of AMR in Escherichia can vary greatly in time in synanthropic birds and we detected both, a temporary prevalent lineage and several persistent STs. The close relatedness of isolates from gulls and isolates from EnteroBase highlights the need to further evaluate the risk connected to wandering birds.
Topics: Charadriiformes; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Czech Republic; Escherichia coli; Escherichia; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Longitudinal Studies
PubMed: 38554502
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108606 -
Growth and Survival of Escherichia albertii in Food and Environmental Water at Various Temperatures.Journal of Food Protection Apr 2024Escherichia albertii is an emerging foodborne pathogen that causes diarrhea. E. albertii has been isolated from various foods, including pork and chicken meat, and...
Escherichia albertii is an emerging foodborne pathogen that causes diarrhea. E. albertii has been isolated from various foods, including pork and chicken meat, and environmental waters, such as river water. Although many food poisoning cases have been reported, there have been insufficient analyses of bacterial population behaviors in food and environmental water. In this study, we inoculated 2-5 log CFU of E. albertii into 25 g of pork, chicken meat, Japanese rock oyster, Pacific oyster, and 300 mL of well water and seawater at 4°C, 10°C, 20°C, and 30°C, and analyzed the bacterial population behavior in food and environmental water. After 3 days at 4°C, the population of E. albertii strain EA21 and EA24 in foods maintained approximately 4 log CFU/25 g. After 3 days at 10°C, the population of E. albertii strains in pork and oysters maintained approximately 4 log CFU/25 g, and that in chicken meat increased to approximately 5-6 log CFU/25 g. After 2 days at 20°C, E. albertii strains grew to approximately 6-7 log CFU/25 g in pork and chicken meat, and E. albertii strain EA21 but not EA24 grew to 4.5 log CFU/25 g in Japanese rock oyster, E. albertii strain EA21 but not EA24 slightly grew to 3.1 log CFU/25 g in Pacific oyster. After 1 day at 30°C, E. albertii strains grew to approximately 7-8 log CFU/25 g in chicken meat and pork, grew to approximately 4-6 log CFU/25 g in Japanese rock oyster, and 6-7 log CFU/25 g in Pacific oyster. These results suggest that E. albertii survives without growth below 4°C and grew rapidly at 20°C and 30°C in foods, especially in meat. E. albertii strains did not grow in well water and seawater at 4°C, 10°C, 20°C, and 30°C. The population of E. albertii strains in well water and seawater decreased faster at 30°C than at 4°C, 10°C, and 20°C, suggesting that E. albertii has low viability at 30°C in environmental water.
Topics: Temperature; Food Handling; Water; Meat; Food Microbiology; Colony Count, Microbial; Escherichia
PubMed: 38382708
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100249 -
Microorganisms Nov 2023() is an emerging diarrheagenic pathogen associated with sporadic infections and human gastroenteric outbreaks. The gene, which encodes intimin in the locus of...
() is an emerging diarrheagenic pathogen associated with sporadic infections and human gastroenteric outbreaks. The gene, which encodes intimin in the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) operon, contributes to the establishment of the attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion. Increasing collection of strains from various sources has resulted in a rapid increase in the number of subtypes. This study systematically investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of among strains isolated from humans, animals, and food. The gene was present in 452/459 (98.5%) strains and 23 subtypes were identified including two novel subtypes, named -α11 and η3. The -σ subtype was the most predominant among humans, animals, and food-derived strains, while -γ3, τ, and α11 were unique in human-derived strains. Additionally, the LEE island was also analyzed at genomic, transcriptional, and functional levels through genomic analysis, quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and HEp-2 cell adherence assays, respectively. The transcript levels were variable and associated with subtypes. Three different adherence patterns, including localized adherence-like (LAL), diffuse adherence (DA), and detachment (DE), were observed among strains. This study demonstrated a high diversity of functional intimin in strains isolated from humans, animals, and food. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are warranted to better elucidate the role of intimin or LEE in different genetic backgrounds.
PubMed: 38137987
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122843 -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Feb 2024Escherichia albertii has increasingly been recognized as an important emerging zoonotic enteropathogen. Raccoon is shown to be one of the most vital reservoirs of this...
Escherichia albertii has increasingly been recognized as an important emerging zoonotic enteropathogen. Raccoon is shown to be one of the most vital reservoirs of this pathogen. E. albertii has been detected in 993 (62%) out of 1,606 wild raccoons in Osaka, Japan from 2017 to 2020 by Eacdt-PCR. The detection rate of E. albertii was increased from May to December (winter) and gradually decreased from January to April (spring). Furthermore, we could isolate E. albertii from 30% (196/664) of Eacdt-PCR positive samples and the monthly isolation rate seems to correlate with its detection rate. These data indicate that there is a seasonality regarding the prevalence of E. albertii in wild raccoon being higher in winter and lower in spring.
Topics: Animals; Raccoons; Japan; Escherichia; Seasons
PubMed: 38104971
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0372 -
Heliyon Nov 2023A rare case of bacteremia caused by , in a 50-year-old male with liver cirrhosis was reported. Clear, colorless, and circular colonies were recovered on blood agar after...
A rare case of bacteremia caused by , in a 50-year-old male with liver cirrhosis was reported. Clear, colorless, and circular colonies were recovered on blood agar after 24 h of aerobic incubation at 37 °C. The isolate was identified as using MALDI-TOF/MS and confirmed by the diagnostic triplex-PCR targeting , , and genes. The administration of piperacillin/tazobactam intravenously (4.5g every 8 hours) for 3 days was effective. This study suggested that specific strains of have been implicated in causing extraintestinal infections in humans, similar to extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC). However, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms requires further exploration.
PubMed: 38058622
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22298 -
Microorganisms Nov 2023is an emerging foodborne pathogen. To better understand the pathogenesis and health risk of this pathogen, comparative genomics and phenotypic characterization were...
is an emerging foodborne pathogen. To better understand the pathogenesis and health risk of this pathogen, comparative genomics and phenotypic characterization were applied to assess the pathogenicity potential of strains isolated from wild birds in a major agricultural region in California. Shiga toxin genes were present in all avian strains. Pangenome analyses of 20 complete genomes revealed a total of 11,249 genes, of which nearly 80% were accessory genes. Both core gene-based phylogenetic and accessory gene-based relatedness analyses consistently grouped the three -positive clinical strains with the five avian strains carrying ST7971. Among the three Stx2f-converting prophage integration sites identified, was the most common one. Besides the locus of enterocyte effacement and type three secretion system, the high pathogenicity island, OI-122, and type six secretion systems were identified. Substantial strain variation in virulence gene repertoire, Shiga toxin production, and cytotoxicity were revealed. Six avian strains exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity than that of -positive , and three of them exhibited a comparable level of cytotoxicity with that of enterohemorrhagic outbreak strains, suggesting that wild birds could serve as a reservoir of strains with great potential to cause severe diseases in humans.
PubMed: 38004814
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112803 -
PeerJ 2023Shotgun metagenomic and 16S rDNA sequencing are commonly used methods to identify the taxonomic composition of microbial communities. Previously, we analysed the gut...
BACKGROUND
Shotgun metagenomic and 16S rDNA sequencing are commonly used methods to identify the taxonomic composition of microbial communities. Previously, we analysed the gut microbiota and intestinal pathogenic bacteria configuration of migratory seagulls by using 16S rDNA sequencing and culture methods.
METHODS
To continue in-depth research on the gut microbiome and reveal the applicability of the two methods, we compared the metagenome and 16S rDNA amplicon results to further demonstrate the features of this animal.
RESULTS
The number of bacterial species detected by metagenomics gradually increased from the phylum to species level, consistent with 16S rDNA sequencing. Several taxa were commonly shared by both sequencing methods. However, , , , , , , , , and were unique taxa for the metagenome compared with , , , , and for 16S rDNA sequencing. The largest differences in relative abundance between the two methods were identified at the species level, which identified many pathogenic bacteria to humans using metagenomic sequencing. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficient for the two methods gradually decreased with the refinement of the taxonomic levels. The high consistency of the correlation coefficient was identified at the genus level for the beta diversity of the two methods.
CONCLUSIONS
In general, relatively consistent patterns and reliability could be identified by both sequencing methods, but the results varied following the refinement of taxonomic levels. Metagenomic sequencing was more suitable for the discovery and detection of pathogenic bacteria of gut microbiota in seagulls. Although there were large differences in the numbers and abundance of bacterial species of the two methods in terms of taxonomic levels, the patterns and reliability results of the samples were consistent.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; DNA, Ribosomal; Reproducibility of Results; Sequence Analysis, DNA; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Salmonella enterica
PubMed: 37941936
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16394 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Oct 2023The sugar, 2,3-diacetamido-2,3-dideoxy-d-mannuronic acid, was first identified ∼40 years ago in the O-antigen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa O:3,a,d. Since then, it has...
The sugar, 2,3-diacetamido-2,3-dideoxy-d-mannuronic acid, was first identified ∼40 years ago in the O-antigen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa O:3,a,d. Since then, it has been observed on the O-antigens of various pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria including Bordetella pertussis, Escherichia albertii, and Pseudomonas mediterranea. Previous studies have established that five enzymes are required for its biosynthesis beginning with uridine dinucleotide (UDP)-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). The final step in the pathway is catalyzed by a 2-epimerase, which utilizes UDP-2,3-diacetamido-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucuronic acid as its substrate. Curious as to whether this biochemical pathway is found in extreme thermophiles, we examined the published genome sequence for Thermus thermophilus HB27 and identified five ORFs that could possibly encode for the required enzymes. The focus of this investigation is on the ORF WP_011172736, which we demonstrate encodes for a 2-epimerase. For this investigation, ten high resolution X-ray crystallographic structures were determined to resolutions of 2.3 Å or higher. The models have revealed the manner in which the 2-epimerase anchors its UDP-sugar substrate as well as its UDP-sugar product into the active site. In addition, this study reveals for the first time the manner in which any sugar 2-epimerase can simultaneously bind UDP-sugars in both the active site and the allosteric binding region. We have also demonstrated that the T. thermophilus enzyme is allosterically regulated by UDP-GlcNAc. Whereas the sugar 2-epimerases that function on UDP-GlcNAc have been the focus of past biochemical and structural analyses, this is the first detailed investigation of a 2-epimerase that specifically utilizes UDP-2,3-diacetamido-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucuronic acid as its substrate.
Topics: Carbohydrate Epimerases; Catalytic Domain; O Antigens; Racemases and Epimerases; Sugars; Uridine Diphosphate Sugars; Thermus thermophilus; Biocatalysis
PubMed: 37660908
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105200 -
Genes Jun 2023is a new enteropathogen of humans and animals. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and pathogenicity of strains isolated in northeastern Poland using...
is a new enteropathogen of humans and animals. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and pathogenicity of strains isolated in northeastern Poland using epidemiological and genomic studies. In 2015-2018, a total of 1154 fecal samples from children and adults, 497 bird droppings, 212 food samples, 92 water samples, and 500 lactose-negative strains were tested. A total of 42 strains were isolated. The PCR method was suitable for their rapid identification. In total, 33.3% of isolates were resistant to one antibiotic, and 16.7% to two. Isolates were sensitive to cefepime, imipenem, levofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and did not produce ESBL β-lactamases. High genetic variability of has been demonstrated. In the PFGE method, 90.5% of the strains had distinct pulsotypes. In MLST typing, 85.7% of strains were assigned distinct sequence types (STs), of which 64% were novel ST types. Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) and Paa toxin genes were found in 100% of isolates. Genes encoding toxins, IbeA, CdtB type 2, Tsh and Shiga (Stx2f), were found in 26.2%, 9.7%, 1.7%, and 0.4% of isolates, respectively. The chromosome size of the tested strains ranged from 4,573,338 to 5,141,010 bp (average 4,784,003 bp), and at least one plasmid was present in all strains. The study contributes to a more accurate assessment of the genetic diversity of and the potential threat it poses to public health.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Genome, Bacterial; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Computational Biology; Phylogeny
PubMed: 37510288
DOI: 10.3390/genes14071384