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Veterinary Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 2024Listeriosis is an important foodborne zoonotic disease affecting humans and animals in Ethiopia. This review aims to synthesize the epidemiology, prevalence,... (Review)
Review
Listeriosis is an important foodborne zoonotic disease affecting humans and animals in Ethiopia. This review aims to synthesize the epidemiology, prevalence, distribution, and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria species in the country. The literature reveals a widespread occurrence of Listeria infection in humans, animals, and food products, with an average prevalence of 21.6% for Listeria species and 6.9% for . Three sequence types (STs) of (2, 145, and 18) and twelve STs of (1489, 1619, 603, 537, 1010, 3186, 492, 3007, 1087, 474, 1008, and 637) were reported from milk and dairy products. Contamination rates ranged from 4.1% to 42.9% across livestock, dairy, slaughterhouses, and processing facilities, indicating faults in production practices. Sporadic human listeriosis outbreaks have occurred since 1967, causing meningitis, perinatal infections, and deaths, with recent studies showing isolation in up to 10.4% of febrile patients, confirming foodborne transmission. Non-pathogenic Listeria species were also common on farms and in facilities. Ovine listeriosis poses a threat to Ethiopia's sheep and goat industries, with over 40% seroprevalence in some herds. Comprehensive control measures across the food chain are needed to curb contamination and protect public health. Isolates from various foods show antibiotic resistance to first-line agents but susceptibility to others like gentamicin and cephalosporins. In conclusion, this review synthesizes evidence on Listeria distribution in Ethiopia's food system and disease burden, highlighting the need for improved food safety policies and awareness.
PubMed: 38601062
DOI: 10.2147/VMRR.S451837 -
Heliyon Apr 2024Listeriosis is a disease caused by , a relevant microorganism as a causative agent of foodborne diseases - FBD. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of spp.,...
Listeriosis is a disease caused by , a relevant microorganism as a causative agent of foodborne diseases - FBD. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of spp., and in different production areas in two small plants (A and B) and two micro-food processing plants (C and D) producing meat derivatives, located in different cities of Colombia. The methodology implemented was . The analysis of sampling points is based on a harmonised tool. . Four samplings in each production plant between 2019 and 2020. . Isolation and identification of microorganisms through conventional microbiology, a semi-automated system, molecular serotyping and clonal characterisation by ERIC-PCR. frequency in the production plants belonging to the study ranged between 5.9 and 28.6 %; for spp., plants A and D had isolated, plant A had the highest proportion, while for geno-serotypes found were: 1/2a, 1/2c, 4a-4c, 4b, 4d - 4e, with geno-serotype 4b as the most frequent. Furthermore, possible persistent isolates were detected in plant C as the feasible sources of contamination, based on failures in flow management, raw material contaminated with lack of standardised cooking processes and transfer of the microorganism through equipment and surfaces. Finally, in three of the four production plants assayed, or spp. were present in the packaging area in some of the samples taken during the study, which calls for increased and frequent monitoring, as well as constant technical support for the control of in micro and small-scale production plants.
PubMed: 38596116
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28662 -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Jun 2024
Topics: Aged; Humans; Male; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis
PubMed: 38594903
DOI: 10.37201/req/141.2023 -
Microorganisms Feb 2024() is a pathogen that is transmitted through contaminated food and causes the illness known as listeriosis. The virulence factor InlA plays a crucial role in the...
() is a pathogen that is transmitted through contaminated food and causes the illness known as listeriosis. The virulence factor InlA plays a crucial role in the invasion of into the human intestinal epithelium. In addition, InlA enhances the pathogenicity of host strains, and different strains of contain varying variations of InlA. Our study analyzed a total of 4393 published genomes from 511 sequence types (STs) of diverse origins. We identified 300 unique InlA protein sequence types (PSTs) and revealed 45 highly mutated amino acid sites. The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) region was found to be the most conserved among the InlA, while the protein A (PA) region experienced the highest mutation rate. Two new types of mutations were identified in the B-repeat region of InlA. Correspondence analysis (CA) was used to analyze correlations between the lineages or 10 most common sequence types (STs) and amino acid (aa) sites. ST8 was strongly correlated with site 192_F, 454_T. ST7 exhibited a strong correlation with site 51_A, 573_E, 648_S, and 664_A, and it was also associated with ST6 and site 544_N, 671_A, 738_B, 739_B, 740_B, and 774_Y. Additionally, a strong correlation between ST1 and site 142_S, 738_N, ST2 and site 2_K, 142_S, 738_N, as well as ST87 and site2_K, 738_N was demonstrated. Our findings contribute significantly to the understanding of the distribution, composition, and conservation of InlA in These findings also suggest a potential role of InlA in supporting molecular epidemiological tracing efforts.
PubMed: 38543536
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12030485 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2024() is a food-borne pathogenic bacteria that frequently contaminates animal-derived food and low-temperature preserved food. caused by its infection has a high...
() is a food-borne pathogenic bacteria that frequently contaminates animal-derived food and low-temperature preserved food. caused by its infection has a high mortality rate and poses a serious threat to human health. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a sensitive, rapid and easy-to-operate technique. In this study, a Recombinase Aided Amplification (RAA) assisted CRISPR/Cas12a (RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a) fluorescence platform was established for highly sensitive nucleic acid detection of . The established RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a showed high sensitivity and high specificity, with the sensitivity of 350 CFU/mL and 5.4 × 10 ng/μL for pure bacterial solution and genomic DNA, and good specificity for 5 strains of spp. and 14 strains of other common pathogenic bacteria. could be detected at an initial concentration of 2.3 CFU/25g within 2 h of enriching the beef in the food matrix, and this method could be applied to food samples that were easily contaminated with The results of RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a could be observed in 5 min, while the amplification was completed in 20-30 min. The speed and sensitivity of RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a were significantly higher than that of the national standard method. In conclusion, the RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a system established in this study has new application potential in the diagnosis of food-borne pathogens.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; CRISPR-Cas Systems; Food Microbiology; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Recombinases; DNA
PubMed: 38542449
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063477 -
International Journal of Microbiology 2024South Africa recently (2017-18) experienced the largest outbreak of human listeriosis in the world caused by following the consumption of "polony," a ready-to-eat meat...
Detection of Pathogenic Serogroups and Virulence Genes in Strains Isolated from Beef and Beef Products Retailed in Gauteng Province, South Africa, Using Phenotypic and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Methods.
South Africa recently (2017-18) experienced the largest outbreak of human listeriosis in the world caused by following the consumption of "polony," a ready-to-eat meat product. Most (59%) cases originated from Gauteng province, South Africa. As a follow-up study to the outbreak, we used standard bacteriological and molecular methods to determine the prevalence of pathogenic and virulent serogroups of in various beef and beef products retailed in Gauteng province, South Africa. The overall prevalence of spp. was 28% (112/400), comprising (9.3%), (16.3%), and (2.5%) ( < 0.001). It is crucial to have detected that the region (=0.036), type of product (=0.032), and temperature at storage (=0.011) significantly affected the occurrence of in beef products. It is alarming that pathogenic serogroups 4b-4d-4e (51.4%) and 1/2a-3a (43.2%) were detected among the isolates of . Importantly, they were all carriers of seven virulence-associated genes (). Our study also demonstrated that 16.7% of "polony" samples investigated were contaminated with Considering that pathogenic and virulent contaminated beef and beef products retailed in South Africa, the food safety risk posed to consumers remains and cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is imperative to reduce the contamination of these products with during beef production, processing, and retailing to avoid future outbreaks of human listeriosis in the country.
PubMed: 38510936
DOI: 10.1155/2024/8891963 -
Journal of Medical Microbiology Mar 2024Listeriosis is a foodborne infection in humans caused by Consumption of contaminated food can lead to severe infection in vulnerable patients, that can be fatal....
Listeriosis is a foodborne infection in humans caused by Consumption of contaminated food can lead to severe infection in vulnerable patients, that can be fatal. Clinical manifestations include sepsis and meningitis, and in pregnancy-associated infection, miscarriage and stillbirth. Diagnosis is confirmed by culture and identification of the pathogen from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, vaginal swab, placenta or amniotic fluid. Treatment regimens recommend amoxicillin, ampicillin or an aminoglycoside. Virulence factors mediate bacterial adhesion and invasion of gut epithelial cells. Other factors mediate biofilm formation and tolerance to low temperatures and high salt concentrations facilitating persistence and survival in the environment.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Ampicillin; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Food Microbiology
PubMed: 38506266
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001800 -
Journal of Infection and Public Health Apr 2024Food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is abundantly present in nature and accountable for sporadic and epidemic cases of listeriosis in humans. The objective of...
BACKGROUND
Food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is abundantly present in nature and accountable for sporadic and epidemic cases of listeriosis in humans. The objective of this study was to screen common food sources for L. monocytogenes using biochemical and molecular methods to detect and characterise its toxin genes as well as for biofilm formation.
METHODS
A total of 92 samples, comprising dairy and street food products, were randomly collected from various sources for this investigation. The collected samples were processed for biochemical and molecular methods to detect L. monocytogenes. Additionally, virulence factors associated genes, antibiogram profiles and biofilm formation related assays were determined.
RESULTS
L. monocytogenes presence was confirmed using molecular detection methods targeting prs and lmo1030 genes, along with MALDI-TOF MS. Following 16 S rRNA sequencing, the identified Listeria species were further categorised into two groups. L. monocytogenes was detected in two (2.17%) food samples tested (L-23 and L-74). Multiplex PCR indicated the presence of seven virulence-related genes in L. monocytogenes isolates, i.e., inlA, inlB, prfA, iap, actA, plcB, and hlyA. In addition, 17 antibiotics were tested, whereby two isolates showed resistance to clindamycin and azithromycin, while one isolate (L-74) was also resistant to nalidixic acid, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin, norfloxacin, and cefotaxime. L-23 and L-74 isolates showed biofilm formation, especially at pH 8.6 and 37°C.
CONCLUSIONS
Besides the demonstration of the presence of L. monocytogenes in some dairy and street food products, this study underscores the need to increase the standards of hygiene on the one hand and the importance of the surveillance of food-borne pathogens on the other.
Topics: Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; India; Listeriosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Virulence Factors; Food Microbiology
PubMed: 38479066
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.02.014 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024Better knowledge regarding the dose-response (DR) model is needed to refine the assessment of the risk of foodborne listeriosis. In 2018, the European Food Safety...
Better knowledge regarding the dose-response (DR) model is needed to refine the assessment of the risk of foodborne listeriosis. In 2018, the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) derived a lognormal Poisson DR model for 14 different age-sex sub-groups, marginally to strain virulence. In the present study, new sets of parameters are developed by integrating the EFSA model for these sub-groups together with three classes of strain virulence characteristics ("less virulent", "virulent", and "more virulent"). Considering classes of virulence leads to estimated relative risks (RRs) of listeriosis following the ingestion of 1000 bacteria of "less virulent" vs. "more virulent" strains ranging from 21.6 to 24.1, depending on the sub-group. These relatively low RRs when compared with RRs linked to comorbidities described in the literature suggest that the influence of comorbidity on the occurrence of invasive listeriosis for a given exposure is much more important than the influence of the virulence of the strains. The updated model parameters allow better prediction of the risk of invasive listeriosis across a population of interest, provided the necessary data on population demographics and the proportional contribution of strain virulence classes in food products of interest are available. An R package is made available to facilitate the use of these dose-response models.
PubMed: 38472864
DOI: 10.3390/foods13050751 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024is a foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis, a group of human illnesses that appear more frequently in countries with better-developed food supply systems. This... (Review)
Review
is a foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis, a group of human illnesses that appear more frequently in countries with better-developed food supply systems. This review discusses the efficacy of actual biocontrol methods combined with the main types of food involved in illnesses. Comments on bacteriophages, lactic acid bacteria, bacteriocins, essential oils, and endolysins and derivatives, as main biological antilisterial agents, are made bearing in mind that, using them, food processors can intervene to protect consumers. Both commercially available antilisterial products and solutions presented in scientific papers for mitigating the risk of contamination are emphasized. Potential combinations between different types of antilisterial agents are highlighted for their synergic effects (bacteriocins and essential oils, phages and bacteriocins, lactic acid bacteria with natural or synthetic preservatives, etc.). The possibility to use various antilisterial biological agents in active packaging is also presented to reveal the diversity of means that food processors may adopt to assure the safety of their products. Integrating biocontrol solutions into food processing practices can proactively prevent outbreaks and reduce the occurrences of -related illnesses.
PubMed: 38472848
DOI: 10.3390/foods13050734